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靖远松叶蜂对松叶蜂醇丙酸酯的林间反应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
靖远松叶蜂雄蜂对其它松叶蜂性信息素的进一步林间反应表明：（２Ｓ，３Ｒ，７Ｒ）－３，７－二甲基－２－十三碳醇（松叶蜂醇）丙酸酯和（２Ｓ，３Ｒ，７Ｓ）－二甲基－２－十三碳醇（松叶蜂醇）丙酸酯的混合物对雄蜂的引诱作用最强。因此认为，松叶蜂醇丙酸酯的这两种异构体很可能是靖远松叶蜂性信息素的主要组分，可应用于种群监测等。 相似文献
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靖远松叶蜂的发生与治理 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
靖远松叶蜂（Ｄｉｐｒｉｏｎｊｉｎｇｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）是近几年发现为害油松的一新种叶蜂。１９９０年在山西省沁源县发现以来，发生面积逐年迅猛扩大，到１９９６年已达９．３８万ｈｍ２，为害空前猖獗。１９９１年—１９９４年山西省连续四年进行防治，取得了较好的防治效果。该文简要介绍了靖远松叶蜂在山西省的发生与防治概况，并提出了靖远松叶蜂综合治理措施。 相似文献
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靖远松叶蜂发生期预测预报技术研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
依据调查资料,对靖远松叶蜂各虫态发生期、发生期期距、发生期与物候的关系以及发生期预测预报的应用等进行了较为系统的研究,制定了靖远松叶蜂发生期期距表、成虫羽化期信息素监测线形图,总结出期距法预测、信息素引诱监测和物候预测法等预测预报技术。 相似文献
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靖远松叶蜂属于膜翅目、叶蜂科食叶害虫,对油松为害较为严重,在甘肃省靖远县首次发现.介绍了靖远松叶蜂形态特征、生物学特性和生活习性,对靖远松叶蜂防治技术进行探讨. 相似文献
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以可持续发展思想为指导，提出了持续控制靖远松叶蜂（Ｄｉｐｒｉｏｎｊｉｎｇｙｕａｎｅｎ－ｓｉｓＸｉａｏｅｔＺｈａｎｇ）的对策，即：加强虫情监测，建立综合管理系统；改善林分结构，充分发挥林分本身的持续抗性作用；最大限度地减少化学农药的施用量；保护利用现有天敌资源，开发利用生物及仿生物制剂等。 相似文献
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马尾松吉松叶蜂（ＧｉｌｐｉｎｉａｍａｓｓｏｎｉａｎａＸｉａｏ）属松叶蜂科Ｄｉｐｒｉｏｎｉｄａｅ，是危害马尾松的一种新害虫，近年来在安徽滁县沙河集林业总场发生相当严重。经研究，此虫一年发生２代，以预蛹越冬。该幼虫的空间分布型为聚集分布，我们编制了“马尾松吉松叶蜂地面茧数”查定表；制定了防治指标；其防治适期为２—３龄幼虫出现高峰期：第１代为５月１５－３０日；第２代为１０月１０—２５日。以２．５％溴氰菊酯乳油２０００—５０００倍液等进行喷雾防治，效果均在９４％以上；以２．５％溴氰菊酯乳油等加柴油配成油烟剂进行喷烟防治，效果在９６％以上。 相似文献
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３，７－二甲基－１，６－辛二烯（１）在固体酸（分子筛，离子膜和离子交换树脂）作用下与甲酸发生环化水合反应，生成１－（３，３－二甲基环己基）乙醇甲酸酯（４ａ）和３，７，７－三甲基环庚醇甲酸酯（５ａ）的混合物，经皂化反应得到相应的醇（４ｂ和５ｂ）。５，７－二甲基－１，６－辛二烯（２）在同样条件下发生类似的反应，生成３，３，５－三甲基环庚醇甲酸酯（６ａ）经皂化生成３，３，５－三甲基环庚醇（６ｂ）。 相似文献
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靖远松叶蜂（Ｄｉｐｉｏｎ ｊｉｎｇｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）是危害油松的重大森林害虫，１９９４年定为新种。该文对其形态、生物学特性、与环境因子的关系及主要天敌作了深入研究。此虫在山西省沁源，一般一年１代，以芯内预蛹（拟）在落叶层下越冬，成虫于６月间大量出现，少数有滞育现象，两年完成１代，雌雄性比为１：０．６每雌产卵１２０粒～２２９粒，有孤雌生殖现象，幼虫共８龄，每头幼虫取食针叶６０根左右、纯林、疏林、阴坡虫口密度大，靖远松叶蜂病毒（ＮＰＶ）、白僵菌、金头赘寄蝇、大山雀等２２种天敌是制约该虫种群数量的重要环境因素。 相似文献
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榆木蠹蛾性诱剂的合成及林间诱蛾试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用毛细管气相色谱分析榆木蠹蛾处女雌蛾性腺体提取物、化学合成相应的标准化合物并通过触角电位分析及林间诱蛾试验,旨在找到一种对榆木蠹蛾成虫具有强引诱活性的性诱剂.结果表明:提取物中存在反-3-十四碳烯醇(E3 - 14∶OH)、顺-3-十四碳烯醇(Z3 - 14∶ OH)、反-3 -十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(E3 - 14∶Ac)、顺-7-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z7-14∶ Ac)和顺-3-反-5-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z3E5 -14∶ Ac).榆木蠹蛾雄蛾对Z7-14∶ Ac产生最强的触角电位(EAG)反应,为4.95 mV,极显著高于其他化合物,其他依次是E3 - 14∶Ac、Z3E5 -14∶Ac、E3E5 -14∶ Ac、Z3 - 14∶Ac、腺体提取物、E7 - 14∶Ac,其中乙酸酯化合物EAG值极显著高于其相应的醇(P＜0.01).林间诱蛾活性试验表明:Z7- 14∶ Ac有诱蛾活性,E3 - 14∶Ac和Z3E5 - 14∶ Ac有显著的增效作用,Z7-14∶ Ac、E3 - 14∶Ac和Z3E5 - 14∶ Ac按10∶ 4∶4的比例配成每个含900 μg性诱剂的诱芯具有很好的诱蛾活性,单诱芯日平均诱蛾数达11.02头. 相似文献
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青海云杉(拟)齿小蠹聚集信息素研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对危害青海云杉的光臀八齿小蠹、香格里拉齿小蠹及东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素系统进行研究,并成功鉴定出3种(拟)齿小蠹的聚集信息素组分。光臀八齿小蠹聚集信息素由2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,74%-(-)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇3种成分组成;香格里拉齿小蠹聚集信息素的有效组分为2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,99%-(+)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇,东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素由95%-(-)-小蠹烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇2种成分组成。3种人工合成的小蠹虫聚集信息素已在害虫发生期及种群动态监测中进行野外试验,并取得预期效果。 相似文献
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The attraction of Scolytus scolytus (F.) to the four enantiomersof 4-methyl-3-heptanol, the major component of the aggregationpheromone, was studied in the field. Only the (–)–threoisomer attracted significantly more beetles than the blank (control),and the response to this isomer was not significantly differentfrom the response to commercial 4-methyl-3-heptanol, which containsall four isomers. There was no evidence for inhibition of attractionby the other three isomers. Commercial 4-methyl-3-heptanol couldtherefore be used, in combination with other components of theaggregation pheromone, for population sampling and control bymass trapping of S. scolytus. 相似文献
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With the aim of optimizing the trapping ofHyphantria cunea (Drury) males through pheromones, the activity of various traps, doses of pheromone components and dispensers was investigated. The best degree of activity was obtained by funnel traps (Uni-traps) with high capture ability and satisfactory representation of the flight curve when the population of the moth is high. On the contrary, the sticky traps gave good results in low density population. Comparing the activity ofH. cunea to the pheromones, (3Z, 6Z, 9S 10R)-cis-9,10-epoxy-1,3,6-heneicosatriene (or TEP), (3Z, 6Z, 9S 10R)-cis-9,10-epoxy-3,6-heneicosatriene (or DEP) and linolenic aldehyde (or TAL), the results obtained showed different responses according to the areas considered. Blend 1∶1∶1 of DEP:TAL:TEP revealed better results in the Venezia area (north-east Italy), while the activity of the Japanese dispenser (2∶30∶1) was highest in the Novara area (north-west Italy); on the contrary no significant differences were noted in Bergamo, the middle area considered. These results denote that the Italian population ofH. cunea could be made up of different strains, introduced from different geographical areas, with the presence of pheromone dialects. 相似文献
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Christos Athanassiou Daniel P. Bray David R. Hall Charles Phillips Thomas N. Vassilakos 《Journal of pest science》2018,91(4):1381-1391
Tobacco beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), is one of the most serious insect pests of stored tobacco, and traps baited with the female-produced sex pheromone, serricornin, are used for monitoring the pest. In two trapping experiments carried out in tobacco warehouses in Greece, two commercially available trap and lure systems for L. serricorne were found to be equally effective in terms of the numbers of beetles trapped. In contrast to previous reports, anhydroserricornin was unattractive and lures containing serricornin and anhydroserricornin were less attractive than lures containing serricornin only. The sex pheromone of the other main insect pest of tobacco, Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), could be added to the lures without affecting the attractiveness of either pheromone to their respective species. Lures remained attractive for at least 4 weeks under field conditions, and, in laboratory tests, release of pheromone could still be detected after 30 days at 27 °C. The stereoisomeric composition of the serricornin in the two commercial lures was similar with high proportions of the attractive (4S,6S,7S)-isomer. The proportion of the (4S,6S,7R)-isomer was low, and this is known to reduce the attractiveness. 相似文献
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Two new sesquiterpenoids, identified as (rel 1S, 3R, 4R, 7R)-3-[5-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-enyl]-1, 3, 7-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo [2, 2, 1] heptane (1) and (rel 1S, 3R, 4R, 7R)-3-[3, 4-dihydroxy-4-methylpentyl]-1, 3, 7-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo [2, 2, 1] heptane (2), were isolated from cultures of Trichoderma atroviride (strain no. S361), an endophytic fungal strain residing in the bark of Cephalotaxus fortunei. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses on the basis of NMR, IR, and MS data. Both compounds 1 and 2 were potent inhibitors on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values of 15.3 and 9.1 μM, respectively. 相似文献
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Renata Bažok Jasminka Igrc Barèiæ Tomislav Kos Tanja Gotlin Èuljak Martina Šiloviæ Siniša Jelovèan Antonela Kozina 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(4):311-319
The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (H?bner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is the major arthropod pest of corn in Croatia. However, chemical control is carried out only in maize for seed production, and in sweet corn. A 3-year investigation was carried out in corn fields in northwest Croatia to establish the most attractive pheromone lure for ECB monitoring, the optimal timing of insecticide applications, and the efficacy of selected insecticides against ECB. During each of the 3 years, the pheromone lures E, Z and E/Z («Isagro») were evaluated in the field from May to July. Insecticides were sprayed 14–20 days after the maximal capture in 2002 and 2003. In 2004, three different trials were set up: one trial with one early treatment (when corn was in the R49 development stage according to the extended BBCH scale); one with one late treatment (when corn was in the R65 development stage according to the BBCH scale); and one with two treatments in both stages. In the trials studying Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (B.t.k.), insect growth regulators (IGR), spinosad and classical chemical insecticides were applied. Pheromone lure E was the most attractive for monitoring ECB flights throughout 2 years of investigation. Insecticide efficacy depended on application timing. The insecticides most suitable for integrated pest management (IPM) programs, including spinosad, B.t.k. and IGR, resulted in high (spinosad) to moderate (B.t.k.) efficacy. The efficacy of IGRs indicates the need for earlier application. The efficacy of chemical insecticides depended on the year and the insecticide. The organophosphate (OP) insecticides and pyrethroids gave moderate to good results; imidacloprid did not provide significant efficacy. One application of all insecticides based on proper (early) timing resulted in the same efficacy as two applications of the same insecticides. 相似文献
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在靖远县哈思山自然保护区对靖远松叶蜂的生物学特性及影响其发生、发展的环境因素进行了观察研究。结果表明：该虫在靖远县哈思山林区主要危害油松,1年发生1代,以茧内预蛹幼虫在枯枝落叶层下、杂草基部或其它地被物下越冬,少量预蛹幼虫在树枝上结茧越冬。靖远松叶蜂的发生与林分因子、地形地势关系密切,发生程度一般表现为疏林重于密林,纯林重于混交林,长势弱的林分重于长势好的林分,阳坡重于阴坡。 相似文献