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1.
为建立农杆菌介导的高效小麦遗传转化体系,分析比较了不同小麦栽培品种、不同培养处理条件下的愈伤诱导、分化及转化效率。结果表明:2个长江中下游主推小麦品种扬麦158和华麦13的幼胚愈伤诱导没有差异,但扬麦158形成的胚性愈伤多、分化率及转化率高于华麦13,是优良的农杆菌介导的遗传转化受体基因型。预培养20d的愈伤转化率最高,高渗处理可进一步提高转化率。获得的T0、T1代转基因植株,经PCR分析鉴定,表明外源基因已经整合到小麦基因组中。  相似文献   

2.
甜玉米成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生特性的评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以45种基因型甜玉米的成熟胚为外植体材料,分析出愈率、愈伤组织增殖量、芽点数与植株再生的关系.结果表明,出愈率与再生能力有较大的相关性,愈伤组织增殖量、芽点数次之.利用主成分坐标分析并在此基础上对不同基因型甜玉米的再生能力进行聚类,并按欧氏距离将45种不同基因型玉米划分为2个大组群.通过对不同基因型玉米成熟胚培养特性的分析,探讨了各指标对于植株再生的意义,从供试材料中筛选出了愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率均较高的材料,如选系B12-2-2和A50.  相似文献   

3.
Using mature embryos (MEs) as the explants, the callus induction, embryogenic callus differentiation, plantlet regeneration and culture efficiency in diploid and tetraploid wheat of four genotypes were studied. The tested four genotypes wheat included cultivable emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schuble), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and the common wheat progenitors Triticum dicoccoides and Triticum aegilopides. Results indicated that there were significant differences in the efficiency of callus induction, callus differentiation and plant regeneration among the tested genotypes. The efficiency of differentiation and regeneration shows strong genotype dependence. The rates of callus induction, embryogenic callus differentiation, plantlet regeneration and culture efficiency respectively were 95.00%, 90.00%, 32.40%, and 27.70% in cultivable emmer wheat, which were significantly higher than other tested genotypes. Therefore, this study has provided a basis for genetic transformation, gene cloning and molecular plant breeding in wheat and other related species. __________ Translated from Molecular Plant Breeding, 2007, 5(4): 480–484 [译自: 分子植物育种]  相似文献   

4.
优良小麦转基因受体品种的筛选及成熟胚半胚培养的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了筛选具有良好组织培养特性的优良小麦品种作为转基因受体,使转基因小麦能尽快得到应用,对4个小麦品种的幼胚和成熟胚以及7个小麦品系的成熟胚进行离体培养,考察其组织培养特性.结果表明,11个品种(系)的成熟胚成愈率都达90%以上,但不同成熟胚来源的愈伤组织的植株再生率存在很大差异:7个小麦品系的植株再生率都低于20%,而4个小麦品种的植株再生率都达35%以上,幼胚成愈率及植株再生率都分别达90%和62%以上.该研究为小麦的遗传转化提供了几个新的优良受体品种.该研究进行成熟胚培养时,采用半胚培养的方式,一方面有效地克服了成熟胚在诱导培养基上直接萌发的现象,另一方面提高了成熟胚来源的愈伤组织分化为多苗的能力.该再生体系可作为小麦胚培养的参考.  相似文献   

5.
To establish a highly efficient plant regeneration system for wheat genetic transformation, the effects of three different concentrations of dicamba and two different sugar types on callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo cultures were evaluated. Callus induction and plant regeneration were obtained from mature embryos of two commercial cultivars Zhoumai 18 and Yumai 34 (Triticum aestivum L.) cultured on L3 basal medium. The results showed that the efficiency of mature embryo culture was significantly influenced by the genotypes, sugar types and dicamba concentrations. 4 mg L^-1 dicamba proved the best effective for inducing embryogenic callus and also gave the highest proportion of plants regenerated across the two cultivars. Substitution of maltose by sucrose significantly improved the plant regeneration efficiency in both cultivars. There was a significant interaction between genotype-by-sugar types, and sugar types-bydicamba concentrations. Overall, Zhoumai 18 gave the highest frequency of plant regeneration (82.65%) when dicamba concentration was 4.0 mg L^-1 and with sucrose in initial callus induction. These results will facilitate genetic transformation work with elite wheat.  相似文献   

6.
荔枝花药胚性愈伤组织诱导及倍性检测   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
探讨了影响荔枝花药胚性愈伤组织诱导的因素,通过2,4-D、KT、NAA三因子的正交试验筛选出荔枝花药胚性愈伤组织诱导的最佳植物生长调节剂组合为2.0mg/L2,4-D 2.0mg/LKT。在探讨不同基因型对诱导率影响的基础上,利用流式细胞仪对不同基因型胚性愈伤组织进行了倍性检测。结果表明,不同基因型荔枝花药胚性愈伤组织诱导率存在显著差异,胚性愈伤组织倍性检测结果也不同。  相似文献   

7.
小麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生体系的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
贺杰  常景玲 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(5):1280-1281
以小麦的成熟胚为外植体,通过胚性愈伤组织诱导进行植株再生.研究结果表明,在MS+2,4-D(3.0 mg/L)+VB1(1.0 mg/L)的培养基中,成熟胚可较高频率的诱导产生愈伤组织,诱导率为72.3%,但愈伤组织质量较差;在低浓度2,4-D和添加了ABA的继代培养基中,愈伤组织质量明显改善,胚性愈伤组织增加.筛选继代的胚性愈伤组织置于分化培养基MS+6-BA(1.0mg/L)+KT(4.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.3 mg/L)中,分化率达73.18%.该研究建立了一套有效的以成熟胚为外植体的小麦组织培养再生体系.  相似文献   

8.
[Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration for an upland cotton cultivar Xinluzao33 under the induction of different hormone combinations and thus to determine the optimal hormone combination. [Method] Calli of Xinluzao33(Gossypium hirsutum L.) were induced from seedling hypocotyl tissue by a range of DK and BK combinations. Embryogenic calli and embryos were induced on callus-inducing medium(CIM) without any hormones. Callus appearance and quality were compared to determine which medium was the optimal for callus induction. Embryogenesis ratio was calculated to determine which medium was the best for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. [Result] Callus induction rate was 100% in all the 12 hormone combinations.The calli were yellow or kelly, and their texture was loose or soft under low concentrations of DK combinations, green or white, variably compact under high concentrations of DK combinations. The calli induced by BK combinations were kelly or green, covering creamy white substance. The best medium for callus induction was DK6(0.05 mg/L 2, 4-D and 0.10 mg/L KT). Embryogenic calli were successfully induced from all the combinations. The efficiency of embryogenic callus induction,embryogenesis, and plantlet regeneration were significantly different among the 12 combinations. The result showed that the embryogenesis ratio was the highest in BK3 combination(0.50 mg/L IBA and 0.50 mg/L KT), 72.86% of embryogenic calli differentiated into somatic embryos after being cultured on CIM for 80 d, and80.93% of the somatic embryos finally regenerated into plants on SEM(somatic embryo induction medium). [Conclusion] These results indicate that hormone combination BK3(0.50 mg/LIBA and 0.50 mg/L KT) was the best medium for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from Xinluzao33.  相似文献   

9.
小麦成熟胚培养再生率比较低,尤其对优良小麦品种成熟胚再生性和农杆菌侵染敏感性还缺乏研究,一定程度阻碍了转基因小麦有效开展和产业化进程。以扬麦18、扬麦15、扬麦16、新冬18、小偃166和周麦22等12个优良小麦新品种为材料,研究了其成熟胚再生率及其对农杆菌侵染的敏感性。结果表明,12个小麦新品种成熟胚再生率0~35.3%,周麦27最高,扬麦19次之(27.9%),新冬18、石麦B07-4056分别为211%和20.0%,其余品种再生率均低于20.0%;12个小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织农杆菌侵染后GUS基因瞬间表达率0~33.3%,周麦18最高,扬麦15次之(23.8%),扬麦18、周麦22、周麦27和石麦B07-4056虽有表达但频率较低(6.7%~9.1%),其余品种没有观察到GUS基因瞬间表达。认为周麦27、扬麦19等品种适合进行成熟胚培养,周麦18、扬麦15等品种成熟胚适合进行农杆菌转化。优良小麦品种成熟胚再生性能和农杆菌敏感性评价为进一步利用细胞工程和基因工程途径改良小麦奠定了基础。  相似文献   

10.
不同小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
以长江流域及华中地区推广的24个小麦品种为材料,分析、比较其成熟胚在3种诱导培养基和1种分化培养基上的愈伤诱导和分化频率。结果表明:不同诱导培养基在愈伤诱导率上存在显著差异,添加ABA的MB5培养基诱导效果最佳;不同小麦品种对培养条件的反应不同,华9943、华9914等4个品种在3种培养基上的诱导频率相同,而其余品种在3种培养基上的愈伤诱导率差异极显著。在分化绿点和成苗率上,品种间差异十分明显,农大146、苏麦6号、扬麦158、华麦12号和华麦8号的再生力强。因此,在小麦成熟胚培养中,筛选优良的基因型培养基组合是必要的。  相似文献   

11.
To reveal the suitability of using mature embryos as an explant source in wheat tissue culture, mature embryos from eight common wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. cv.) were cultured with or without endosperm to test their efficiency of callus induction and plant regeneration. When embryos were cultured together with endosperm (endosperm-supported culture, ES), the percentage of callus induction was significantly lower than that when embryos were cultured in the absence of endosperm (non-endosperm-supported culture, NES). This pattern was evident in most genotypes, regardless of whether 2 or 8 mg L^-1 2,4-D was added in the NES culture. However, in ES culture, more induced calli were differentiated into distinct green spots and they further developed into plantlets. Thus, more plants were regenerated in ES culture than in the NES treatment. Most of the eight tested genotypes showed a significant difference in callus induction rate and plantlet regeneration in both ES and NES cultures. In addition, the enzymatic activity of oxalate oxidase in the callus of ES culture condition was obviously higher than that in the callus of NES culture condition, suggesting that the activity of oxalate oxidase may be a parameter for selection of calli with potential for plantlet regeneration. These results indicate that wheat mature embryos are valuable explants for highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration, if proper treatment and medium are used.  相似文献   

12.
提高水稻成熟种胚愈伤组织诱导率及再生率的研究   总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18  
以 4个来源不同的粳稻品种为材料 ,不同培养基和激素相组合 ,对影响水稻成熟种胚愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织质量的多种因素进行了研究。结果表明 :选择适宜的培养基是提高愈伤组织诱导率及愈伤组织质量的基础 ;不同的激素处理 ,对于提高愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织质量有一定的作用 ,但这种作用又因品种的基因型和所选择培养基的不同而呈现显著的差异 ,各影响因素间存在显著的相关性。将经不同处理所获得的 4个品种的高质量的愈伤组织转到高浓度琼脂粉固化的分化培养基上 ,愈伤组织分化率均在 80 %以上 ,经多效唑 (MET)处理后每块愈伤组织可获再生植株数达 5株以上。  相似文献   

13.
激素对小麦幼胚胚性无性系高频率诱导的影响   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
研究了 3种外源激素对 3个小麦品种 (系 )幼胚体细胞胚性无性系高频率形成的影响。结果表明 :2 ,4- D能显著促进小麦幼胚体细胞胚性无性系的形成 ,并存在着基因型间的差异 ,在小麦体细胞无性系形成中起主要作用。其最佳适用质量浓度为 2 .0~ 3.0 m g/ L ,2 ,4- D的这种作用能被培养基中加入的细胞分裂素所加强 ,这种作用在不同的细胞分裂素间是有差异的 ,在质量浓度 0 .1~ 2 .0 m g· L- 1 内 ,随 KT浓度的升高 ,6 - BA浓度的降低 ,胚性愈伤诱导率提高  相似文献   

14.
以橡胶树热研88-13品种的幼嫩种子的珠心组织为材料,诱导出胚性愈伤组织。对胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基、继代培养基中不同的影响因素如植物生长调节剂的种类和浓度、钙离子浓度等进行了研究,筛选到了合适的影响因素。经过连续5个月的继代选择培养,逐渐诱导出易碎的胚性愈伤组织。对易碎胚性愈伤组织进行了长期继代培养。组织学切片证明长期继代培养的愈伤组织维持了胚性的状态。取继代培养了2年多的橡胶树热研88-13品种的珠心易碎胚性愈伤组织诱导胚状体,得到了186个胚状体,正在诱导植株再生。  相似文献   

15.
研究了影响小麦叶片愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的因素。结果表明 ,光和胚芽鞘对小麦叶片愈伤组织诱导和生长有较大影响 ,愈伤组织的增殖速度与接种时小麦幼苗长及叶片切段部位有关。不同的外源激素对小麦愈伤组织幼苗诱导率有影响 ,将愈伤组织进行干燥处理对幼苗诱导有促进作用。  相似文献   

16.
玉米自交系幼胚高效再生系统的建立   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
以22份玉米自交系为试验材料,以幼胚为外植体,研究基因型、诱导(分化)培养基、继代次数、Ag-NO3浓度对玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织的诱导、保持和植株分化的影响。结果表明,玉米幼胚培养能力受基因型、培养基及二者互作效应的影响,基因型是主要的影响因子。3 mg/L的2,4-D对胚性愈伤组织诱导和保持起关键作用;0.5 mg/L 6-BA抑制胚性愈伤组织的发生;8-12 mg/L AgNO3明显改善部分基因型愈伤组织质量,提高胚性愈伤组织诱导率。分化培养基中添加1 mg/L的KT和0.5 mg/L的IBA促进绿苗的分化和根系的生长。胚性愈伤组织继代3-5次后调整到最佳状态。确定了玉米幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为N6+3 mg/L 2,4-D+8-12 mg/L AgNO3+0.2 mg/L IAA,最佳分化培养基为N6+1 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L IBA。  相似文献   

17.
葡萄胚珠诱导成苗的研究   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4  
通过对葡萄几个品种胚珠愈伤组织的诱导、再分化,以胚状体发生途径实现植株再生。结果表明:以葡萄的胚珠为外植体,在附加不同浓度的2,4-D与6-BA的MS、B5和NN-1969培养基上培养,愈伤组织诱导以NN+2,4-D0.5mg/L+6-BA1.0mg/L培养基最佳,诱导率为84.1%,胚性愈伤组织诱导率为79.5%;将胚性愈伤组织置于含NAA0.03mg/L和6-BA0.5mg/L的NN培养基中,胚状体诱导率为6%~15%;胚状体在无激素MS培养基中的成苗率为0%~20%。  相似文献   

18.
小麦成熟胚再生体系及基因枪转化的初步研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以小麦品种晋麦2148的成熟胚为外植体,消毒后用解剖刀刨碎,接种于MS+VB5+11.2g·L-1葡萄糖+2mg·L-12,4D+8g·L-1琼脂糖的培养基中诱导愈伤组织,将诱导3周的成熟胚愈伤组织接种到胚状体成熟培养基(MS+VB5+11.2g·L-1葡萄糖+0.2mg·L-1IAA+8g·L-1琼脂糖)中培养4-8周,然后转接到再生培养基(1/2MS+VB5+30g·L-1蔗糖+8g·L-1琼脂糖)中进行再生成苗.接种1200块成熟胚,得到1123块愈伤组织,最终形成258株再生苗,再生率为21.5%.在建立了再生体系的基础上,用基因枪介导法将GUS基因导入成熟胚愈伤组织,Xgluc染色表明,GUS基因已经在小麦成熟胚愈伤组织中表达.将100块愈伤组织用Xgluc染色,29块愈伤组织出现肉眼可见的蓝色小点.  相似文献   

19.
荔枝胚性愈伤组织及其体胚发生过程中染色体数目的变化   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
荔枝胚性愈伤组织及其体胚发生过程中,各离体培养物染色体数目均出现广泛的变异.除正常的荔枝体细胞染色体数目2n=2x=30外,还出现大量染色体数目异常的细胞.植物生长调节剂、培养时间、外植体种类及基因型等对染色体数目变异有一定的影响.愈伤组织染色体数目变异虽然在一定程度上影响荔枝体胚的再生植株频率,但胚性愈伤组织仍能分化形成大量的胚状体.  相似文献   

20.
胚龄和基因型对小麦幼胚体细胞胚性无性系的诱导   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
幼胚胚龄和供体植株的基因型都会影响小麦幼胚体细胞胚性无性系的产生。胚龄对小麦幼胚体细胞胚性无性系的高频率诱导有显著影响 ,表现为愈伤组织诱导率 (出愈率 )和胚性愈伤组织诱导率在不同胚龄下差异显著。在最适胚龄条件下 ,基因型对小麦幼胚培养出愈率的影响不大 ,而主要影响胚性愈伤组织的发生频率。在培养当代 ,以小偃 2 2、千斤早和西农 88(1)的培养效果为最好  相似文献   

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