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进行Mt^r苎麻疫霉菌株及其野生亲本Mt^r菌株生物学特性对比研究,结果表明,Mt^r苎麻疫霉菌株对甲霜灵的抗性水平均较其亲本有极大的提高。对温度的适应范围没有改变,但Mt^r菌株在相同的温度情况下的生长速度明显低于野生Mt^r亲本菌株。Mt^r菌株的卵孢子的产生量也明显低于其亲本Mt^r菌株。研究结果说明抗性菌株在对甲霜灵产生抗药性的同时,对温度的适应能力及有性生殖能力有所下降。 相似文献
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为了评估大豆疫霉对甲霜灵是否存在抗性风险,采用药剂驯化的方法诱导获得了大豆疫霉菌抗甲霜灵突变株hlj34M,并对其适生性进行了初步研究。该突变体菌丝生长速率、游动孢子产量和致病力与野生型相比没有显著变化。而卵孢子产量明显减少,突变体的3个单游动孢子后代的卵孢子产量与亲本菌株相比分别减少20.35%、43.63%和43.85%,统计分析差异达极显著水平。结果表明:甲霜灵的长期使用会导致大豆疫霉对其产生较大的抗性风险。 相似文献
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甘肃省马铃薯致病疫霉交配型组成及其对甲霜灵的抗药性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了明确甘肃省马铃薯致病疫霉交配型组成与对甲霜灵的抗药性,采用生长速率法对2007-2012年采集标样中分离到186株致病疫霉菌进行甲霜灵抗药性测定,利用对峙培养法对147株代表性菌株进行交配型测定。结果表明:甘肃省马铃薯致病疫霉交配型由A1、A2、A1A2交配型和自育型菌株组成,分别占被测菌株的61.20%、20.40%、2.10%、16.30%;186株致病疫霉中28.50%的菌株对甲霜灵表现敏感,15.60%表现中抗,55.90%表现高抗。甘肃省马铃薯致病疫霉交配型组成复杂,各采集地组成差异较大,对甲霜灵表现抗药性的菌株普遍存在各采集地。 相似文献
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为研究不同地区及对甲霜灵不同敏感程度的辣椒疫霉菌株间的遗传差异,采用RAPD分子标记对分离自安徽省和县等(15株)、江苏省南京市(1株)、四川省邛崃市(1株)的17个菌株及经甲霜灵处理筛选得到的3个抗性突变菌株进行了RAPD指纹分析。结果显示10对引物共扩增出30个比较清晰的条带,且均为多态性条带;当以遗传相似系数0.7为阀值时,可以将供试的20个菌株分为4个遗传聚类组,说明辣椒疫霉具有一定的遗传多样性。同时,RAPD分析结果还表明,经甲霜灵处理所筛选得到的抗性突变株与野生型敏感亲本之间存在一定的遗传变异,但是辣椒疫霉菌株对甲霜灵的敏感程度与RAPD的聚类分组没有相关性。 相似文献
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苎麻疫霉Mtr性状遗传变异的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在含甲霜灵10μg/mL的LBA培养基平板上培养苎麻疫霉（Phytophthora boehmeriae)野生型菌株EC－3和JC－20两周左右获得抗甲霜灵（Mt^r)突变株,测定了Mt^r突变株对甲霜灵的抗性特点：在不接触甲霜灵的条件下,突变株对甲霜灵的抗性下降,大多数在1－2周丧失其抗性,开始表现为对甲霜灵敏感（Mt^s),其游动孢子后代绝大多数单孢株也失去对甲霜灵的抗性;在含甲霜灵的培养基上其抗性可以长期保持。研究还发现,供试的疫霉菌株一旦对甲霜灵产生抗性,其抗性可上升至相当高的水平,达野生型亲本的160倍以上。结果表明：抗性突变株对甲霜灵的抗性遗传不稳定,疫霉菌对甲霜灵的抗性可能发生在细胞质线粒体DNA上。 相似文献
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【目的】测定中国马铃薯主产区晚疫病菌对甲霜灵药剂的抗性及频率,并测定霜脲氰和霜霉威与甲霜灵的是否存在交互抗药性;【方法】通过菌落直径法检测马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵的抗性,通过比较药剂的毒力确定霜脲氰和霜霉威与甲霜灵是否存在交互抗药性;【结果】在测定的4个马铃薯主产省中,除云南省以外,四川、河北和黑龙江等3省均存在马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵的抗性菌株,其抗性频率分别为16.7%,24.0%和100%。毒力测定表明霜脲氰对甲霜灵抗性菌株和敏感菌株毒力都很强,而霜霉威对这两种菌株的毒力都很差,这说明甲霜灵与霜脲氰和霜霉威不存在交互抗药性;【结论】在中国普遍存在对甲霜灵产生抗性马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株,霜脲氰与甲霜灵不存在交互抗药性且毒力强,可作为甲霜灵的替代药剂防治晚疫病。 相似文献
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辣椒疫霉病菌对内吸性杀菌剂抗药性的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
从江西省采集分离的辣椒疫病菌（ＰｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｃａｐｓｉｃｉＬｅｏｎｉａｎ）１５３个菌株对甲霜灵抗药性测定结果表明：野生已有５５．６０％的菌株存在抗药性,其中中、高抗菌株占２７．５０％;甲霜灵与恶唑烷酮、甲呋酰胺之间存在交互抗性,与霜霉威之间没有交互抗性;甲霜灵对敏感菌株菌丝生长、游动孢子囊的形成和游动孢子的释放均有明显的抑制作用,其ＥＣ５０分别为０．２７７６ｍｇ／ｋｇ、０．２６６３ｍｇ／ｋｇ、２．２９５ｍｇ／ｋｇ,而霜霉威浓度达５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ时,对菌株菌丝生长、游动孢子囊的形成和游动孢子的释放均没有明显的抑制作用,但在活体寄主上对病菌有较好的防效。 相似文献
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应用浸泡法接种和越冬后薯片培养法测定了抗性菌株、敏感菌株和混合菌株在种薯上的越冬能力。结果表明，用抗性菌株和敏感菌株混合接种，病原菌存活率最高，其存活率为100％；抗性菌株接种的病原菌存活率居中，存活率为80．0％；敏感菌株接种的病原菌存活率最低，存活率为47％。从晚疫病菌混合菌株接种的种薯上，共分离得到39个分离物，测定其对甲霜灵的抗性。测定结果表明，抗性分离物的出现频率为97．4％，敏感分离物的出现频率为2．6％，这说明抗性菌株的越冬能力和竞争力明显高于敏感菌株。 相似文献
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ZHU Gui-ning HUANG Fu-xin FENG Lan-xiang QIN Bi-xia YANG Yu-hong CHEN Yong-hui LU Xiu-hong 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(7)
The isolates of Phytophthora infestans on tomato in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, were determined for the sensitivities to metalaxyl, cymoxanil and dimethomorph to give the basic information for integrating disease management. Sensitivities were tested by measuring the radial growth on agar medium amended with fungicide, compared with the floating-leaf-disk method. 239 isolates were collected from eight tomato growing areas during 2000-2006. The testing results indicated that the frequencies of sensitive, intermediate, and resistant isolates to metalaxyl were 42.26, 35.98, and 23.53%, respectively. Variations in sensitivities amongst isolates from different areas or different years were very high for metalaxyl. All isolates from Tianlin and Wuxuan were sensitive to metalaxyl, but the metalaxyl-resistant isolates predominated in Tianyang, with the frequency of 51.35%. The EC50 values of certain isolates from Tianyang were higher than 500 μg mL-1 and their resistance levels were over 100000 folds. Cymoxanil has been used for nearly 10 years in Guangxi, and dimethomorph has been used for 5-6 years. However, there was no decrease in sensitivity of P. infestans populations and the sensitivities of the pathogen were nearly normally distributed. Hence, their mean EC50 value [cymoxanil (0.1647±0.0255) μg mL-1, dimethomorph (0.0970±0.0052) μg mL-1] could be used as the baseline sensitivities for monitoring the field resistance development. The comparison with the floating-leaf-disk method indicates that both the techniques provided equivalent results. These studies suggested that metalaxyl can be continuously applied in Tianlin, Wuxuan, and Nanning due to the resistant isolates that have not been found, while for those areas with resistant isolate, the use of metalaxyl should be reduced or alternated, and cymoxanil or dimethomorph was recommended for controlling late blight disease of tomato. 相似文献
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A total of 104 isolates including two Korean isolates and three Japanese isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces from 2006 to 2008 were used to determine their mating types,metalaxyl resistance,and RAPD genotypes.All the isolates of P.infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces belonged to A 1 mating type,and no A 2 mating type was detected.Frequencies of metalaxyl resistant isolates were 94.4%,47.8% and 75.0% in 2006,2007 and 2008,respectively.Accord... 相似文献
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云南省马铃薯、番茄晚疫病菌对甲霜灵敏感性及地理分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用含药平板法对2003年至2005年分离自云南省22个马铃薯和番茄产区的257个马铃薯和番茄晚疫病菌菌株的甲霜灵敏感性进行了系统的测定。结果表明,在11个马铃薯或番茄产区检测到甲霜灵抗性或中抗菌株的马铃薯和番茄晚疫病菌对甲霜灵的敏感性表现出明显的差异,马铃薯晚疫病菌主要由甲霜灵敏感群体组成,而番茄晚疫病菌主要由甲霜灵抗性和中抗群体组成。测定的167个马铃薯晚疫病菌中,甲霜灵抗性、中抗、敏感菌株分别为20.4%、7.2%和72.4%;测定的90个番茄晚疫病菌中,甲霜灵抗性、中抗、敏感菌株分别为56.7%、28.9%和14.4%。马铃薯和番茄晚疫病菌对甲霜灵抗性和中抗菌株在滇中多季作种植区内发生的比例较高。甲霜灵的药效已在云南省的少数马铃薯和大部分番茄产区下降甚至失效,因此,避免长期使用单一的杀菌剂对晚疫病进行防治是非常必要的。 相似文献
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Gui-ning ZHU Fu-xin HUANG Lan-xiang FENG Bi-xia QIN Yu-hong YANG Yong-hui CHEN Xiu-hong LU 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(7):831-840
The isolates of Phytophthora infestans on tomato in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, were determined for the sensitivities to metalaxyl, cymoxanil and dimethomorph to give the basic information for integrating disease management. Sensitivities were tested by measuring the radial growth on agar medium amended with fungicide, compared with the floating-leaf-disk method. 239 isolates were collected from eight tomato growing areas during 2000-2006. The testing results indicated that the frequencies of sensitive, intermediate, and resistant isolates to metalaxyl were 42.26, 35.98, and 23.53%, respectively. Variations in sensitivities amongst isolates from different areas or different years were very high for metalaxyl. All isolates from Tianlin and Wuxuan were sensitive to metalaxyl, but the metalaxyl-resistant isolates predominated in Tianyang, with the frequency of 51.35%. The EC50 values of certain isolates from Tianyang were higher than 500 μg·mL^-1 and their resistance levels were over 100 000 folds. Cymoxanil has been used for nearly 10 years in Guangxi, and dimethomorph has been used for 5-6 years. However, there was no decrease in sensitivity of P. infestans populations and the sensitivities of the pathogen were nearly normally distributed. Hence, their mean ECs0 value [cymoxanil （0.1647 ±0.0255） μg·mL^-1, dimethomorph （0.0970 ± 0.0052） μg·mL^-1 could be used as the baseline sensitivities for monitoring the field resistance development. The comparison with the floating-leaf-disk method indicates that both the techniques provided equivalent results. These studies suggested that metalaxyl can be continuously applied in Tianlin, Wuxuan, and Nanning due to the resistant isolates that have not been found, while for those areas with resistant isolate, the use of metalaxyl should be reduced or alternated, and cymoxanil or dimethomorph was recommended for controlling late blight disease of tomato. 相似文献
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1997-2001年在内蒙古自治区和甘肃省马铃薯主产区采集马铃薯晚疫病菌并进行了交配型和药剂敏感性测定。结果为：采自内蒙古的143株菌中有140株是典型A1交配型、3株是可自育的A1交配型；采自甘肃的41株菌中有40株是典型A1交配型、1株为可自育的A1交配型；二省都未发现A2交配型。表明内蒙古和甘肃马铃薯主产区的晚疫病菌以A1交配型占绝对优势。对甲霜灵（metalaxyl)的敏感性测定显示：内蒙古菌株中有50．8％表现高度抗性、42．5％表现中度抗性、只有6．7％表现敏感，说明内蒙古马铃薯主产区的晚疫病菌普遍对甲霜灵具有了抗性；甘肃的菌株中，26．8％表现高度抗性、29．3％表现中度抗性、43．9％表现敏感；同时发现甲霜灵可刺激某些技性菌株的生长。试验还测定了35株菌对烯酰吗啉(dimethomarph)和腈嘧菌脂(mzoxystrobin)的敏感性：其中对烯酞吗啉表现敏感的占94％、中度敏感的占6％；对腈嘧菌脂敏感的占71．4％，中度敏感的占28.6％；未发现对二种药剂高抗或不敏感菌株，且烯酰吗啉和腈嘧菌脂与甲霜灵均无交互抗性。 相似文献