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1.
以麻竹DNA为模板,对影响麻竹RAPD扩增的重要参数进行了优化试验,以期建立麻竹RAPD反应的最适体系。最终得出的麻竹RAPD反应体系为:20μL反应体系,2μL10倍反应缓冲液,模板含量为50ng,2 5mmol·L-1的Mg2+,1 5U的Taq酶,dNTP为1 75mmol·L-1,引物浓度为0 4μmol·L-1。优化后的RAPD反应程序为:94℃3min→[94℃1min→37 5℃1min→72℃1min20sec]40个循环→72℃8min→4℃保持。 相似文献
2.
油茶随机扩增多态DNA条件的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以改进的CTAB法提取油茶嫩叶总DNA,进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析,分别测试了Mg2+浓度、引物浓度、dNTP浓度、模板DNA浓度和TaqDNA聚合酶用量对反应结果的影响,确定了油茶RAPD分析的最适反应体系:在25μlPCR反应体积中,含20ng模板DNA,2 5mmol·L-1MgCl2,0 2mmol·L-1dNTP,0 3μmol·L-1引物,1UTaqDNA聚合酶。扩增程序为:94℃预变性180s;94℃变性60s,37℃退火90s,72℃延伸120s,反应40个循环;最后在72℃延伸5min。 相似文献
3.
香果树RAPD扩增条件的优化及遗传多样性初步分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对浙江省天台山自然香果树种群的DNA进行了提取和RAPD扩增条件的优化,分别测试了镁离子、dNTP、模板DNA含量、引物浓度、DNA聚合酶量和牛血清白蛋白浓度对反应结果的影响,通过各因子的组合研究,可知香果树RAPD分析较适宜的扩增条件为:15μLPCR反应体积,1×Taq酶配套缓冲液,1 8mmol·L-1MgCl2,2UTaq酶;10ng模板DNA;20pmol引物;dATP、dCTP、dGTP、dTTP各0 1mmol·L-1。以此适宜条件对12个引物进行扩增,共扩增出51个DNA片段,多态位点百分率为45 1%,种群内遗传多样性较低,进一步研究不同种群香果树的遗传多样性具有一定的意义。 相似文献
4.
对核桃RAPD分析中Mgh、引物、dNTPs、TaqDNA聚合酶浓度及复性温度等因素进行了比较影响分析。建立了适合核桃DNA多态性分析的RAPD反应体系：25μL反应液中,3．5mM Mg^2＋、0．2mM dNTPs、0．2μM随机引物、1．0UT aq酶、50ng～100ng模板DNA;反应过程为45个循环,94℃变性60s,36℃退火60s,72℃延伸120s。 相似文献
5.
香榧RAPD分析实验条件的优化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验通过系统的比较研究 ,建立了香榧 RAPD分析的优化反应体系和实验条件 ,即 2 0μl的反应体系中含有 5 0 ng DNAtemplate、1.5μl 10× Buffer、1U Tag NDA聚合酶、2 .4mmol/L Mg Cl2 、2 40μmol/L d NTPs、0 .8μmol/L Primer。适宜的扩增程序为95℃变性 3 min,1个循环 ;94℃变性 3 0 s,3 6℃退火 3 0 s,72℃延伸 60 s,3 5个循环 ;72℃延伸 5 min,反应终止。该反应体系重复性高 ,条带亮度均匀 ,弥散现象少 相似文献
6.
本文对采自全国8个省市的落叶松—杨栅锈茵茵株进行了基因组DNA提取，并以其为模板对影响RAPD扩增1的重要参数进行优化试验，以期建立落叶松—杨栅锈茵RAPD反应的优化体系。结果表明，PCR扩增体系最佳条件是：25μL体积中，2．5mmol／LM^2 ，30ng／μL模板，0．15mmol／LdNTP，1．5μL引物，0．75UTaq聚合酶。 相似文献
7.
我省板栗主载品种（无性系）RAPD反应体系的建立 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在RAPD反应中，有许多影响结果的稳定性和准确性。本项研究采用浙江省8个板栗主载品种（无性系，）对RAPD各种反应进行了探索，结果表明，板栗理想的反应体系为：20μl反应体积含有100mmol/L Tris-HCl,500mmol/LKCl,20mmol/LMgCL2,0.01%Gelatin,dATP、dTTP、dGTP的量各为100μmol/L，50－200ng引物，0．75－1．0单位Taq酶，2－10ng模板NDA。反应条件为：94℃预变性2min，再94℃30s、40℃30s、72℃1．5min扩增37个循环；最后在72℃延伸7min。应用上述反应体系进行板栗PAPD反应，扩增产物在1．0％琼脂糖凝胶中电泳，经EB染色后在紫外灯下观察照相，可获得满意的DNA指纹图谱。 相似文献
8.
我省板栗主栽品种(无性系)RAPD反应体系的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在RAPD反应中,有许多影响结果的稳定性和准确性.本项研究采用浙江省8个板栗主栽品种(无性系),对RAPD各种反应条件进行了探索,结果表明,板栗理想的反应体系为20μl反应体积含有100mmol/LTris-Hcl,500mmo1/LKCl,20mmol/LMgCL2,0.01%Gelatin,dATP、dTTP、dCTP、dGTP的量各为100μmol/L,50~200ng引物,0.75～1.0单位Taq酶,2～10ng模板DNA.反应条件为94℃预变性2min,再94℃30s、40℃30s、72℃1.5min扩增38个循环;最后在72℃延伸7min.应用上述反应体系进行板栗RAPD反应,扩增产物在1.0%琼脂糖凝胶中电泳,经EB染色后在紫外灯下观察照相,可获得满意的DNA指纹图谱. 相似文献
9.
万寿菊RAPD分子标记优化体系的建立 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以雄性不育和可育万寿菊及其子代为材料,在PE-2400型PCR仪上进行扩增,通过3次正交试验设计,优化得到了最佳的RAPD反应体系,确定了各个因素的最佳水平。在20 μL反应体系中,最佳的浓度配比为:10×Buffer中含10．00 mmol·L-1Tris-HCl、50．00 mmol·L-KCl、0．001％gelatin、dNTP0．25 mmol· L-1、TaqDNA聚合酶1．5 U、MgCl2 1．25 mmol·L-1、DNA20-60 ng、引物0．60 pmol·μL-1,预变性时间5 min, 退火温度37℃较好,1 min的延伸时间也满足了2 kb以下的DNA片段合成,循环35次能得到较好的 RAPD图谱。 相似文献
10.
濒危药用植物降香黄檀DNA提取及RAPD反应体系优化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用改良CTAB法提取了降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen)新鲜叶片和硅胶干燥后放置3个月的叶片基因组DNA,并对影响RAPD反应的各因素进行了优化。结果显示新鲜的降香黄檀叶可以得到质量较高的DNA,硅胶保存后部分叶片所提的DNA有降解。优化后反应体系为:25μL反应体系中包括,模板的DNA 20ng,Taq DNA Polymerase 2.5U,Mg2 5mmol.L-1,dNTP 0.3 mmol.L-1,引物(S37)0.4μmol.L-1。反应条件为94℃预变性4min;94℃30s,36℃1min,72℃2min,40个循环;72℃延伸10min。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
18.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
19.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):166-178
This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes. 相似文献