首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Fifty-eight isolates of Phytophthora infestans were evaluated in vitro and on detached leaves of potato for their sensitivities to metalaxyl-M and cymoxanil. The isolates belonged to the clonal lineage, EC-1, which is dominant on potato in Peru and Ecuador. All isolates were collected in Huánuco, Peru, an area of year-round potato production, where the potential for development of fungicide resistance is high. All isolates were resistant to metalaxyl-M, with in vitro EC50 values ranging from 468.30—813.57 mg l−1. In contrast, we found no evidence for resistance to cymoxanil for which in vitro EC50 values ranged from 0.03—1.11 mg l−1. Resistance to each fungicide was also evaluated for five isolates in a detached leaf assay in which the fungicide was sprayed on the leaf surface prior to inoculation. With metalaxyl-M, the range of EC50 values was 158.85—828.29 mg l−1, similar to that for the in vitro assay. For cymoxanil, EC50 values ranged from 1.41 to 2.31 mg l−1, which was higher than in the in vitro assay but still two orders of magnitude lower than the concentration applied by farmers in the field.  相似文献   

2.
Toxicity of propylene oxide (PPO) at low pressure against the most common stored-product insect,Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), over a short exposure time, was tested at three different temperatures (16°, 22° and 30°C). Toxicities of PPO at 100 mm Hg were strongly influenced by ambient temperature. LD50 and LD99 toxicities ranged from 4.7 to 28.9 mgl −1 and from 10.5 to 72.6 mgl −1 respectively, showing that susceptibility was positively correlated to the temperature. The LD99 values for all life stages (except the larval stage) were significantly lower at 30° than those at 16° and 22°C. However, the LD99 values for all life stages (except the pupal stage) at 16° were not significantly different from those at 22°C. A concentration × time (Ct) product of 291, 171 and 98 mg h/l was required to obtain complete mortality (99%) ofT. castaneum at 16°, 22° and 30°C, respectively. Thus, the efficacy of PPO at 100 mm Hg to all life stages ofT. castaneum also decreased as the temperature decreased from 30° to 16°C. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 28, 2004.  相似文献   

3.
The generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), were studied in the interaction between wheat cv. ‘Suwon 11’ and two races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (avirulent and virulent). Generation of O2− and H2O2 was analyzed histochemically using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and 3,3-diamino-benzidine (DAB), respectively. At the pre-penetration stage during appressorium formation both stripe rust races induced H2O2 accumulation in guard cells. In the incompatible interaction, a rapid increase of O2− and H2O2 generation at infection sites was detected. The percentage of infection sites showing NBT and DAB staining was 36.1% and 40.0%, respectively, 12 h after inoculation (hai). At extended incubation time until 24 hai, percentage of infection sites showing H2O2 accumulation further increased, whereas those exhibiting O2− accumulation declined. The early infection stage from 12 to 24 hai coincided with primary haustoria formation in mesophyll cells. In contrast, in the compatible interaction, O2− and H2O2 generation could not be detected in most of the infection sites. In the incompatible interaction, intensive DAB staining was also determined in mesophyll cells, especially in cell walls, surrounding the infected cells 16–24 hai; thereafter, these cells contained fluorescing compounds and underwent hypersensitive response (HR). The number of necrotic host cells surrounding the infection sites increased continuously from 20 to 96 hai. It might be concluded that H2O2 accumulation during the early infection stage is associated with the occurrence of hypersensitive cell death and that resistance response is leading to arrest the avirulent race of the obligate stripe rust pathogen. In the compatible interaction at 96 hai, H2O2 accumulation was observed in mesophyll cells surrounding the rust lesion.  相似文献   

4.
Propylene oxide (PPO) was evaluated at a low pressure of 100 mm Hg for toxicity to different life stages of the Indianmeal mothPlodia interpunctella (Hübner) in the presence and absence of three species of nuts. Eggs and larvae were generally the most tolerant life stages in empty chambers and on the nut crops. Complete mortality of all life stages was achieved at a concentration x time (CT) product of 61.2 mg hl −1 for empty space fumigation. Dosages of 13.9, 60.3, 72.1 and 93.1 mgl −1 were required to kill 99% of the larvae when fumigation of 4-h duration took place in an empty chamber and in the presence of peanuts, almonds and walnuts, respectively. After an initial dose of 68.7 mgl −1 and a 5-h exposure time, sorption of PPO by peanuts, almonds and walnuts was relatively high, ranging from 87% of the initial concentration for peanuts to 91% for walnuts. PPO residues measured in peanuts, almonds and walnuts were 111, 46 and 80 ppm, respectively, 1 day after termination of fumigation. All of these values were below the 300 ppm maximum tolerance set by the FDA of the United States. These data show that the combination of PPO and low pressure has the potential to replace methyl bromide fumigation for quarantine and pre-shipment purposes. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 22, 2006  相似文献   

5.
The yeast Pichia anomala strain K was selected in Belgium from the apple surface for its antagonistic activity against post-harvest diseases of apples. The efficacy of this strain against P. expansum was evaluated in the laboratory in three scenarios designed to mimic practical conditions, with different periods of incubation between biological treatment, wounding of fruit surface, and pathogen inoculation. Higher protection levels and higher final yeast densities were obtained when the applied initial concentration was 1 × 108 cfu ml−1 than when it was only 1 × 105 cfu ml−1. The protection level correlated positively with the yeast density determined in wounds and was influenced by apple surface wetness. In orchard trials spanning two successive years, biological treatment against P. expansum, based on a powder of P. anomala strain K (1 × 107 cfu ml−1), β-1,3-glucans (YGT 2 g l−1), and CaCl2.2H20 (20 g l−1), was applied to apples pre- or post-harvest under practical conditions and its effect compared with standard chemical treatments. The first year, the highest reduction (95.2%) against blue decay was obtained by means of four successive fungicide treatments and the next-highest level (87.6%) with pre-harvest high-volume spraying of the three-component mixture 12 days before harvest. The second year, the best results were obtained with post-harvest Sumico (carbendazim 25% and diethofencarb 25%) treatment and post-harvest biological treatment, both by dipping the apples, 88.3 and 56.3% respectively. A density threshold of 1 × 104 cfu cm−2 of strain K on the apple surface seemed to be required just after harvest for high protective activity, whatever the method and time of application. In the case of pre-harvest biological treatments, variations in meteorological conditions between the 2 years may have considerably affected strain K population density and its efficacies.  相似文献   

6.
Fusarium proliferatum can occur on a wide range of economically important vegetable plants but its role in disease is not always well established. In 2000 and 2001, from forty-one field samples of wilting onion and garlic plants in Serbia, F. proliferatum as the predominant fungal species was isolated from root and bulbs. Seventy isolates were firstly characterized for their sexual fertility and were shown to be mostly members of Gibberella intermedia (sixty-seven of seventy isolates, the remaining three isolates were unfertile), the sexual stage of F. proliferatum (syn. mating population D of G. fujikuroi complex). A selected set of eleven F. proliferatum isolates from both hosts were also tested for their pathogenicity and toxigenicity. Although onion and garlic plants were susceptible to all isolates, onion plants showed a significantly higher disease severity index. Six of the eleven isolates of F. proliferatum produced fumonisin B1 from 25 to 3000 μg g−1, and beauvericin from 400 to 550 μg g−1; ten isolates produced fusaric acid from 80 to 950 μg g−1 and moniliformin from 50 to 520 μg g−1. Finally, all isolates produced fusaproliferin up to 400 μg g−1. These results confirm F. proliferatum as an important pathogen of garlic and onion in Europe and that there is a potential mycotoxin accumulation risk in contaminated plants of both garlic and onion.  相似文献   

7.
Thaumetopoea processionea L. is an important oak defoliator whose outbreaks have become increasingly frequent in Europe and thus have received a great deal of attention from foresters. Field trials were carried out in central Italy (Tuscany) to test the efficacy of aerial spraying ofBacillus thuringiensis var.kurstaki [Btk] in early spring for the control of processionary infestations inQuercus cerris L. woods. The experimental sites were located in a hilly area of 1640 ha witha maximum altitude of 593 m a.s.l. and a yearly mean temperature of 10°C. Turkey oak woods were divided into three areas to be treated with 31.75 BIU ha−1 (2.5l ha−1) on 578 ha, 44.45 BIU ha−1 (3.5l ha−1) on 306 ha and 57.15 BIU ha−1 (4.5l ha−1) on 756 ha, respectively. Five days after treatment, larval mortality was less than 40% in the control plot, but over 60% in the treated areas. Thirteen days after treatment, larval mortality varied from 75.05% to 96.42% in the three treated areas. Surveys conducted 2 months after the treatment showed a strong decline in the number of oak processionary nests in all the treated plots. It was possible to control the pest effectively in turkey oak woods usingBtk at 31.75 BIU ha−1 distributed at ultra-low volume at the time of bud opening when nonurticating larvae were present. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting March 12, 2008.  相似文献   

8.
A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using sclerotia ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum for producing conidia ofConiothyrium minitans in liquid culture. The medium (SST) was made of water containing 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 or 0.5% (w/v) ground sclerotia ofS. sclerotiorum and 100 μgl −1 thiamine hydrochloride (HCl). One ml of conidial suspension (2 × 107 conidia ml−1) ofC. minitans LRC 2534 was inoculated into 100 ml of SST medium or control (thiamine HCl in water) and incubated at 20 ± 2°C on a shaker at 200 rpm. Subsamples were removed periodically and examined under a compound microscope. Conidia in the SST media germinated within 24 h, developed into branched hyphae within 48 h, produced pycnidia after 3–4 days, and the pycnidia released mature conidia after 7 days. Production of conidia varied with the concentration of sclerotia in the SST medium. It was lower (3.6 × 106 conidia ml−1) at 0.5% but higher (1.2 × 108 conidia ml−1) at 2%. The new conidia were viable and the colonies developing from them showed the original morphological characteristics. It was concluded that using SST liquid medium as a substrate for mass production of conidia ofC. minitans has potential for use in commercial development of this mycoparasite as a biocontrol product. http:www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 23, 2007.  相似文献   

9.
From 2004 to 2006, 213 isolates of Botrytis cinerea never exposed to QO center inhibitors (QOIs) were collected to determine the baseline sensitivity to azoxystrobin. In the absence of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), the mean EC50 values were 10.49 ± 13.12 and 0.36 ± 0.48 mg l−1 for inhibiting mycelial growth and conidium germination, respectively. In the presence of SHAM, the mean EC50 values were 2.24 ± 1.29 and 0.22 ± 0.11 mg l−1. In 2010, five azoxystrobin-resistant isolates were detected with the resistance frequency of 2.25% in greenhouse tomatoes after 4 years of continuous exposure. These resistant isolates showed cross-resistance to other QOIs but not to boscalid. In addition, these resistant isolates had comparable growth, sporulation and pathogenicity ability as sensitive isolates and maintained resistance in plants and the presence of SHAM. The G143A point mutation predicted to cause a change from glycine to alanine at codon 143 of cyt b gene was found in all resistant isolates.  相似文献   

10.
Plant recognition of elicitors derived from pathogens induces various resistant reactions, including production of reactive oxygen species, hypersensitive cell death and accumulation of phytoalexins. Previously, we isolated a ceramide elicitor from Phytophthora infestans, which activates O2 − production of potato suspension-cultured cells. In this study, we employed nine ceramide-related chemicals to test their elicitor activity. Although, none of the tested chemicals induced O2 − production, N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS) induced accumulation of phytoalexin in potato tubers. In potato, tobacco and Nicotiana benthamiana, DMS also induced rapid cell death. DMS-treated potato cells stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) showed chromatin condensation, and isolated DNA from DMS-treated cells had ladder pattern, confirming that DMS-induced plant cell death is a hypersensitive reaction-like programmed cell death. Involvement of ceramide signaling in induction of plant defense reactions is discussed. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

11.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been implicated in many stress conditions. Control of H2O2 levels is complex and dissection of mechanisms generating and relieving H2O2 stress is difficult, particularly in intact plants. Here the role of the mycorrhizal inoculation in chili plants challenged with Phytophthora capsici was investigated to study the effect on hypersensitive response. In the treatment without mycorrhiza (treatment T3) and with mycorrhiza (considered treatment T4) visible disorders were detected two days after inoculation with P. capsici, but in the next days T3 plants rapidly developed 25% more necrotic lesions on the leaves than T4 plants. Leaf necrosis correlated with H2O2 accumulation and the greater damage observed in T3 plants coincided with larger accumulation of H2O2 after 12 h of inoculation accompanied with an increase in POX (peroxidase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity. T4-infected and mycorrhizal plants exhibited an earlier accumulation of H2O2 starting 6 h after inoculation with lower levels compared to T3 plants. Correlated with observed damage, POX and SOD activity measured in T4 plants indirectly suggest a smaller accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) leading to a decrease in the wounds observed and slightly diminishing the advance of the pathogen. According to these findings, we conclude that mycorrhizal colonization contributes significantly in maintaining the redox balance during oxidative stress, but the exact mechanism is still uncertain.  相似文献   

12.
Information on persistence ofBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is needed to improve the microbial pest management programs against the pine processionary mothThaumetopoea wilkinsoni in pine forests in Israel. The persistence of the microbe under natural conditions of rain and sunlight was evaluated and is documented here for the first time. Pine saplings were sprayed with three commercialBt products, Foray 48B, Delfin WG and Dipel DF, all used at 32,000 IU mg−1 in a formulation with 1% (w/v) of condensed milk. In experiments conducted in November and December of 2004, the saplings were either exposed to rain and sunlight or were sheltered to avoid these environmental factors. The lowest rainfall recorded in the 8-day experiments was 16.5 mm (test 2) and the heaviest was 71.1 mm (test 1). Solar irradiation ranged from 9.4 to 10.9 MJ m−2. The minimum temperature was close to 10°C and the maximum was less than 23°C. Needles of the treated saplings and their controls were sampled after 0, 1, 5 and 8 days, and were fed to 1 st or 2 nd instar larvae. Dipel DF persisted better than Delfin WG and still retained its initial activity of 80–100% mortality on day 8 at low rainfall (test 2). Dripping ofBt from upper to lower branches was quantified with the larval bioassays. The milk formulation proved to be an effective rain-fasting adjuvant. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 4, 2007.  相似文献   

13.
Indoor and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of applying the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans to the aerial parts of rapeseed plants at the flowering stage to control sclerotinia diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Under controlled conditions, a petal inoculation technique was used to determine the effect of conidial suspensions of C. minitans on suppression of sclerotinia leaf blight. Results showed that C. minitans was effective in inhibiting infection initiated by ascospores of S. sclerotiorum on flower petals by restricting mycelial growth of the pathogen. Suppression of lesion development was related to the conidial concentration of C. minitans, with larger lesions at low concentration (5×103conidia ml−1), but smaller lesions at high concentration (5×104 conidia ml−1 or higher). When C. minitans-treated rapeseed leaves were inoculated with mycelia of S. sclerotiorum, C. minitans failed to prevent infection of leaves, but caused a significant reduction in number of sclerotia produced on the diseased leaves. No significant difference in efficacy was detected between the two isolates of C. minitans, LRC 2137 and Chy-1, on the two rapeseed cultivars, Westar (spring type) and Zhongyou 821 (winter type). Results of field trials showed a significant reduction of stem rot of rapeseed in four (1997, 1999, 2003 and 2004) out of five years by aerial application of C. minitans, compared with controls. No significant difference in suppressive efficacy was observed between the treatments of C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1), C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1) + benomyl (50 μg ml−1) and benomyl (100 μg ml−1) in 2003, and between the treatments of C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1), C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1) + vinclozolin (100 μg ml−1) and vinclozolin (500 μg ml−1) in 2004. Sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum collected from diseased plants in plots treated with C. minitans in 1999, 2000 and 2003, or with C. minitans + benomyl in 2003 were infected by C. minitans at frequencies ranging from 21.3 to 54.5%. This study concludes that aerial spraying of C. minitans is an effective method for controlling sclerotinia diseases of rapeseed.  相似文献   

14.
Two hundred isolates ofBotrytis cinerea were collected from greenhouse vegetables between 2003 and 2006 to determine their baseline sensitivity to triadimefone, penconazole, tebuconazole and fenhexamid. Mean values of 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of inhibiting growth were 4.853±5.102, 0.41±0.215, 0.19±0.099 and 0.36±0.891 mgl −1, respectively (mean±SD). Individuals ofB. cinerea in the population differed by a factor (EC50 of the least sensitive isolate/EC50 of the most sensitive isolate) of 6625, 20, 603 and 1800, respectively. Naturally fenhexamid-resistant isolates were detected with an unexpected high frequency of 10% although the pathogen population had never been exposed to this fungicide. The resistance level (mean EC50 of resistant isolates / mean EC50 of sensitive isolates) was 19.5. These naturally resistant isolates also were resistantin vivo, and there was no significant difference in growth rate, conidial production or pathogenicity ability between naturally resistant and wild sensitive isolates. These results indicated that there was a potential risk of practical resistance if fenhexamid was applied alone. Negative cross-resistance was observed between fenhexamid and tebuconazole in 90% of the naturally resistant isolates. Moreover, an obvious synergism of the antifungal activity of fenhexamid by tebuconazole was demonstrated in some of the naturally fenhexamid-resistant isolates. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 9, 2007.  相似文献   

15.
以高压汞灯为光源,采用高效液相色谱法研究了纳米TiO2光催化降解毒死蜱的影响因素。结果表明:纳米TiO2的最佳质量浓度为50～100 mg/L;毒死蜱初始质量浓度影响其降解效果,相对较低的质量浓度(5～20 mg/L)下初始浓度与降解率成正相关,相对较高质量浓度(20～80 mg/L)下初始浓度与降解率成负相关;初始质量浓度为10 mg/L时,毒死蜱的降解符合一级反应动力学方程;不同初始pH值的反应溶液经光催化反应后均表现为酸性,碱性条件有利于降解反应的进行。  相似文献   

16.
为采用生物技术防控草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的扩散为害,对草地贪夜蛾5龄和6龄幼虫注射浓度为1×109CFU/mL的大肠杆菌Escherichia coli菌液,并以注射等量磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffer solution,PBS)和未做任何处理(CK)为对照,24 h后测定幼虫体重、集结数和酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)活性。结果显示,注射大肠杆菌菌液24 h后,草地贪夜蛾5龄和6龄幼虫体重均受到抑制,其体重分别为0.170 g和0.411 g,均显著低于CK的0.181 g和0.484 g;注射大肠杆菌菌液24 h后,草地贪夜蛾5龄和6龄幼虫集结数分别为135.0、338.4个索引集结数(the indexed nodules,INs),前者极显著低于后者,且均显著高于CK和PBS处理,分别为0.4、10.2个INs和0.3、10.9个INs;注射大肠杆菌菌液24 h后,草地贪夜蛾5龄幼虫PO活性为0.156 ABS·min-1·mg-1,显著高于CK和PBS处理,分别为0.046 ABS·min-1·mg-1和0.066 ABS·min-1·mg-1,但草地贪夜蛾6龄幼虫的PO活性为0.050 ABS·min-1·mg-1,显著低于CK和PBS处理,分别为0.066 ABS·min-1·mg-1和0.069 ABS·min-1·mg-1,且草地贪夜蛾5龄幼虫的PO活性显著高于6龄幼虫的PO活性。表明细菌侵染后草地贪夜蛾不同高龄幼虫的免疫应激反应存在差异,而这种差异可能受幼虫生长发育及细胞免疫和体液免疫功能之间权衡现象的影响。  相似文献   

17.
Five experimental trials were carried out to test different biological control agents against Fusarium wilt of lettuce, cause byFusarium oxysporum f.sp.lactucae. In the presence of a very high disease incidence, the best results in terms of disease control as well as increased growth response were shown byTrichoderma harzianum T 22 (RootShield), which, at 3 gl −1 of substrate, provided very consistent results.F. oxysporum IF 23 gave good disease control but in two out of five trials reduced the biomass produced. Less consistent, but still significant results were provided byF oxysporium MSA 25, at 3 gl −1 of substrate, and byTrichoderma viride TV 1. The twoF. oxysporum agents Fo 251/2 and Fo 47 and the mixture ofT. harzianum + T. viride (Remedier) partially reduced disease incidence but were less effective than the above mentioned. Less interesting results were offered byStreptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop). The results obtained show that biological control can play a role in the management of Fusarium wilt of lettuce.  相似文献   

18.
Bacterial canker is an economically important disease of tomato. Resistance induced by DL-β-Amino butyric acid against bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis in tomato plants was investigated. Different doses of DL-β-Amino butyric acid (250–1000 μg ml−1 doses) were tested on 3-week old plants inoculated with a 108 CFU ml−1 bacterial suspension, and disease development was evaluated after inoculation and treatment. Although in vitro growth of the bacteria was not affected by DL-β-Amino butyric acid treatment, foliage sprays of 500 μg ml−1 DL-β-Amino butyric acid significantly suppressed disease development up to 54% by day 14 after inoculation at the four different doses tested. Bacterial populations were reduced by 84% in BABA-treated plants compared to water-treated plants by day 4 after inoculation. Inoculated BABA-treated plants showed significantly higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, peroxidase activity, and H2O2 concentration than inoculated water-treated plants during day 1 after treatment. These findings suggest that the DL-β-Amino butyric acid treatment resulted in an increase of these enzymes and in H2O2 concentration in planta, and was associated with induction of resistance to bacterial canker.  相似文献   

19.
Essential oils extracted fromEucalyptus blakelyi (1,8-cineole, 77.5%),Melaleuca fulgens (1,8-cineole, 56.9%) and 1,8-cineole were shown to have fumigant toxicity against different development stages ofSitophilus oryzae. The eggs ofS. oryzae were the most tolerant, followed by pupae, larvae and adults in that order.M. fulgens oil,E. blakelyi oil and 1,8-cineole at 100 μl per liter of air gave, respectively, LT50 values of 16.2, 17.4 and 9.1 h for adults, 31.1, 19.3 and 17.5 h for larvae, 55.6, 75.2 and 39.7 h for pupae, and required >7 days for eggs. Only 1,8-cineole (200 μl −1 air) gave a significant egg kill by 7 days and the LT95 was 134.5 h. 1,8-Cineole could be a useful new fumigant. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 3, 2004.  相似文献   

20.
Foliar sprays and soil drenches with DL--amino-n-butyric acid (BABA) reduced the number of Heterodera avenae and H. latipons cysts on wheat and barley. Foliar sprays of wheat with 8000mgl–1 BABA reduced the number of H. avenae cysts by 90%, whereas 2000mgl–1 BABA was enough to reduce the number of H. latipons cysts by 79%. Multiple spray treatments with 2000mgl–1 BABA at 10-day intervals reduced the number of H. avenae cysts on wheat and barley. A soil drench of wheat with 125mgl–1 BABA reduced the number of H. latipons cysts by 93% and H. avenae cysts by 43%. Second-stage juveniles of these nematodes penetrated and formed syncytia in wheat roots soil-drenched with BABA. More adult males of H. avenae were produced in BABA (<250mg1–1)-treated wheat roots (~76%) than in untreated roots (27%). Soil drenches with higher concentrations of BABA inhibited development of adult males and females. Several chemical elicitors of induced resistance were tested for their ability to reduce the number of H. avenae cysts on wheat. Only BABA was found to be an effective resistance inducer. The number of egg masses of an unidentified Meloidogyne sp. root-knot nematode, which infects only monocots, was also reduced by 95% by a soil drench of wheat with 500mgl–1 BABA. Development of this nematode inside the BABA-treated roots was also inhibited.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号