共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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1990年在栖霞观东西山果园释放日本引进角额壁蜂传粉时,设巢引诱回收到一个野生传粉优势蜂种,经中国农科院吴燕如教授鉴定为“凹唇壁蜂”(Osmialt Calaea[Atik])。 凹唇壁蜂生活史一年一代。卵椭圆形,长2mm,白色透明。幼虫“V”形元足长是12～14mm。蛹桔黄色。成虫体长10～12mm,前额凹陷,体灰黑色,全身多毛。雄蜂体格小,只交尾,不采粉。雌蜂以腹毛刷携带花粉,抗逆性强.10～12℃时即能出巢采粉,动作敏捷,飞速快,一头雌蜂一天能访花10000～15000朵。通过两年观察表明,该蜂对提高苹果座果率十分明显。现将我们两年来对三种壁蜂的对比观察结果… 相似文献
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果树授粉昆虫—紫壁蜂,凹唇壁蜂生物学研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
紫壁蜂，凹唇壁蜂喜在人工巢管内营巢，在果园中用芦苇管和纸管设巢可回收大量蜂种。它们均为一年一代。卵，幼虫，蛹在巢管内生长发育，成虫羽化后以滞育状态在茧内越冬。早春用０－４℃冰箱冷藏蜂茧，待果树开花前１周左右在园内释放。两种壁蜂访花范围是杏，樱桃，李，桃，梨，苹果等。壁蜂访花采蜜繁衍后代，同时提高了花朵丛刊要率及果品质量，两种壁蜂访花速度快，工作时间长，授粉能力强，因此成为我国北方果树优良授粉昆虫。 相似文献
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壁蜂的特性及在果树上的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
壁蜂属于蜜蜂总科、切叶蜂科壁蜂属。全世界范围内已知野生壁蜂有70多种,被人们用来为果树授粉的种类不到10种,主要有紫壁蜂、凹唇壁蜂、角额壁蜂、叉壁蜂、壮壁蜂等。野生壁蜂种类多,我国现已发现并研究应用较多的有5种。其中凹唇壁蜂分布最广,在辽宁、山东、河南、河北、陕西、山西、江苏等地均有分布,角额壁蜂和紫壁蜂主要分布在渤海湾地区,壮壁蜂主要分布于我国南方,叉壁蜂主要分布于江西和四川等地。1壁蜂的生物学特性1.1生活习性壁蜂在河北、山东、辽宁、山西等地1年1代,卵期为6~14 d(天),幼虫期15~25 d(天),前蛹期60~66 d(天),蛹期15… 相似文献
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角额壁蜂自然生存，早春活动早，耐低温，访花能力强，即使在雨天等恶劣天气也能出巢访花，有效授粉飞行距离20m左右。一只角额壁蜂日访花量4000朵，相当于蜜蜂的80倍，比自然授粉提高坐果率30％-40％，与人工授粉相当。角额壁蜂1年1代，年繁殖量10倍左右，性情温和，便于人工诱引放养管理。阐述了角额壁蜂的人工培育技术和授粉管理技术，包括蜂箱、巢管、茧盒制作，放养、回收、保存技术。 相似文献
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果园壁蜂放养与授粉技术问答 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1壁蜂目前在我国主要分布有哪几种?壁蜂属膜翅目蜜蜂总科切叶蜂科,全世界约有70余种。在我国北方果区,目前已采集到的壁蜂有5种,即凹唇壁蜂、角额壁蜂、紫壁蜂、叉壁蜂和壮壁蜂。其中凹唇壁蜂分布最广,应用 相似文献
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近年来，我国引进日本的角额壁蜂进行果树花期授粉多点开发试验，收到理想效果。同时又收集到当地两种壁蜂品种，经专家鉴定为“紫壁蜂”(Osima jacoti Cockerell)和“凹唇壁蜂”(Osima excavata Alfken)。这两种壁蜂，与日本引进的角额壁蜂，同属蜜蜂总科切叶蜂科壁蜂属。2000年春季，我们从威海市、招远市果树站 相似文献
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An apple orchard consisting of a single commercial cultivar and of pollinizers such as Crab apples under the condition of natural pollination needs pollinators for stable fruit production. We investigated the foraging behavior of pollinators, especially Osmia cornifrons Radoszkowski, in order to evaluate their use instead of honeybees. 相似文献
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桂花不同品种开花过程中香气活性物质的变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以12个桂花品种盛花期的花瓣为材料,用气质联用法检测到59种挥发物,其中占主导地位的是萜烯类化合物。选择相对含量均高于0.05%的21种挥发性物质进行主成分分析,12个桂花品种可分成3类,花色为黄色或金黄色的金桂和四季桂(6个品种)为一类,花色为白色或浅黄色的银桂(3个品种)为一类,花色为橙色或红色的丹桂(3个品种)为一类。黄色桂花中以‘柳叶金桂’香气活性物质贡献率最高,达56.75%;白色桂花中以‘厚瓣银桂’贡献率最高,达51.91%;橙色桂花中以‘镉橙丹桂’贡献率最高,达58.88%。以此3个品种为代表材料,用气相色谱—嗅闻技术测定了其开放过程中香气活性物质的变化。结果表明,3个品种在铃梗期都以释放具有罗兰香/木香/果香型的物质为主。初花期到盛花期,橙色花的‘镉橙丹桂’以释放花香型物质为主,白黄色花的‘厚瓣银桂’以释放香草香型物质为主,黄色花的‘柳叶金桂’以释放紫罗兰香/木香/果香型物质为主;到了末花期,‘镉橙丹桂’与‘柳叶金桂’中都是青草香/清新香型的物质占主导地位,而‘厚瓣银桂’中依然是香草香型物质居多,这可能是银桂香气更持久的原因。 相似文献
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J. B. Free Yvette Spencer-Booth 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):54-60
In a dwarf-pyramid apple orchard, rows of Cox’s Orange Pippin adjacent to rows of Janies Grieve had greater initial and final fruit sets than rows between other Cox rows. Flowers on the south sides of trees tended to have a greater set of fruit than those on the north sides.In a sweet-cherry orchard containing a block of five rows of Early Rivers with pollinizer rows on each side, most fruit was set on the two outside rows and least in the centre row. Trees in the outside rows set more fruit on their sides facing the pollinizers than on their far sides. In another sweet-cherry orchard, Frogmore trees set more fruit on their south sides than on the other parts.In a dwarf pyramid orchard of Comice, the trees with one graft of Conference (every tenth tree) set more fruit than trees without a graft. However, the fruit set on Conference dwarf and standard trees (two orchards of each) did not differ with their distance from pollinizers. 相似文献
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J. B. Free 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):91-94
Bees scrabbling for pollen set a greater percentage of the flowers they visit than bees collecting nectar.The pollinating efficiency of visits is much greater to self-compatible than to self-incompatible varieties; on the latter the efficiency decreases as distance from the source of compatible pollen increases.Calculations indicate that one colony of honey-bees probably provides enough foragers to pollinate sufficient flowers to give an economic set in an acre of apple orchard. 相似文献
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J. B. Free Yvette Spencer-Booth 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):78-83
Individual bees tend to be constant to the type of food they are collecting from apple flowers, but most will alter their behaviour. This adaptability probably mostly accounts for changes in the ratio of nectar-gatherers to pollen-gatherers in orchards.Flowers of James Grieve and Cox’s Orange Pippin are equally attractive and bees readily change from one variety to the other ; flowers of Bramley’s Seedling are less attractive.During one foraging trip most bees probably visit the flowers along about 10 ft. only of a continuous row, and relatively few change from one row to another. To increase bee pollination, pollinizer trees should be at intervals of not more than 10 ft. in the same rows as trees of the main variety. 相似文献