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采用野外调查和资料整理分析等方法,对贵州省野生岩生草本花卉资源进行了调查研究。结果表明:贵州省野生岩生草本花卉资源包括蕨类植物和种子植物,总计26科66属190种,其中,蕨类植物17科31属83种(小型岩生蕨类花卉54种,中型岩生蕨类花卉29种),种子植物9科35属107种。生境特征主要有干旱环境生长种类、阴湿种类、溪沟边生长种类、林下生长种类、石面生长种类、石沟或石缝或石孔生长种类,生长在这些环境中的花卉是喷泉假山、水池假山、草地假山和山水盆景点缀的优良植物材料。垂直分布范围广,最低分布为200m,最高分布为2 600m。 相似文献
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葛藤是石漠化治理的优秀先锋植物 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
葛藤是豆科葛藤属木质藤本植物,具有独特的生物学特性和优良的生态学特性及顽强的生命力,在水土保持、土壤改良和水源涵养等方面具有独特功能。石漠化地区岩石裸露率高,缺水少土,生境严酷,在植被恢复初期,需要较为理想的先锋树种。本文分析研究了葛藤的生物学特征和生态学特性以及生态功能,分析表明葛藤是石漠化地区植被恢复的优秀先锋植物。 相似文献
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为掌握佛山科学技术学院（仙溪校区）)维管植物的多样性，对佛山科学技术学院仙溪校区维管植物进行调查，并从功能类群、植物资源等方面进行分析评价。结果表明，仙溪校区共有维管植物376种，隶属于96科268属。其中，被子植物360种，裸子植物6种，蕨类植物10种。主要优势科有豆科（Fabaceae）、禾本（Poaceae）和菊科（Asteraceae）等。仙溪校区有国家重点保护植物7种；芳香植物共82种；仙溪水生草本植物14科25种、湿生木本植物1科2种；外来入侵植物有13种，其中五爪金龙[Ipomoea cairica(L.)Sweet]、南美蟛蜞菊[Sphagneticola trilobata(L.)Pruski）]和田菁[Sesbania cannabina(R etz.)Poir.]这3种恶性入侵植物对人工草坪已经造成严重危害。调查结果表明，仙溪校区植物种类相对丰富，但多集中在豆科、禾本科和菊科，且草本占比较高，木本植物种类相对较少。芳香植物种类较丰富，但水生植物种类较少。可为仙溪校区植物保护、植物配置和城市生态系统的管理提供建议和依据。 相似文献
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以3~4年生(4年生为主)5种内蒙古干旱、半干旱地区常见的水土保持植物[柠条(Caragana microphylla Lam.)、白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch.)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.)、沙柳(Salix psammophila C.Wang et Ch.Y.Yang.)和沙地柏(Sabina valgaris Ant.)]为研究对象,利用SAS 9.0软件对夏季土壤干旱时期影响5种植物根系固土的10项指标进行主成分分析。结果表明:根系的抗拉力学特性是影响5种植物根系固土的主导因素,其次为根-土界面摩阻特性,最后为根-土复合体抗剪特性;在此基础上,运用层次分析法对5种植物根系固土差异性进行评价,为了减少主观因素所带来的误差,将主成分分析所得3个力学特性的方差贡献率作为权重,5种植物根系固土指数分别为:柠条(0.954)沙地柏(0.084)沙柳(0.041)白沙蒿(-0.315)沙棘(-0.764)。 相似文献
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以之豇 2 8 -2为试材 ,研究了长豇豆 (Vignaunguiculatassp .Sesquipedalis (L .)Verd .)不同采种时期种子的活力及其田间生产性能。结果表明 ,不同采种时期种子的活力及田间生产性能有明显差异 ,长豇豆开花后 1 8天采收的种子活力高、田间生产性能优良。因此 ,长豇豆留种田采种适期为开花后 1 8d。 相似文献
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对北京怀沙河、怀九河水生植被的种类组成、分布区类型以及植被类型进行了调查.结果表明:该区共有水生植物16科18属24种;分布区类型以世界广泛分布成分最多,其次为北温带分布;水生植被分为沉水、浮水和挺水3个植被亚型和香蒲群落、慈菇群落、满江红群落、水毛茛群落、豆瓣菜群落等13个群系. 相似文献
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Persistent changes in forest vegetation and seed bank 1,600 years after human occupation 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jan Plue Martin Hermy Kris Verheyen Patrice Thuillier Robert Saguez Guillaume Decocq 《Landscape Ecology》2008,23(6):673-688
Past land use is an important factor determining vegetation in temperate deciduous forests. Little is known about the long-term
persistence of these impacts on vegetation but especially on the seed bank. This study assessed whether soil characteristics
remain altered 1,600 years after human occupation and if this yielded persistent differences in forest plant communities and
their seed bank in particular. Compiègne forest is located in northern-France and has a history of continuous forest cover
since the end of Roman times. Twenty-four Gallo-Roman and 24 unoccupied sites were sampled and data were analysed using paired
sample tests to investigate whether soil, vegetation and seed bank still differed significantly. The soil was persistently
altered on the Gallo-Roman sites resulting in elevated phosphorus levels and pH (dependent on initial soil conditions) which
translated into increased vegetation and seed bank species richness. Though spatially isolated, Gallo-Roman sites supported
both a homogenized vegetation and seed bank. Vegetation differences were not the only driver behind seed bank differences.
Similarity between vegetation and seed bank was low and the possibility existed that agricultural ruderals were introduced
via the former land use. Ancient human occupation leaves a persistent trace on forest soil, vegetation and seed bank and appears
to do so at least 1,600 years after the former occupation. The geochemical alterations created an entirely different habitat
causing not only vegetation but also the seed bank to have altered and homogenized composition and characteristics. Seed bank
differences likely persisted by the traditional forest management and altered forest environment. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2002,93(2):187-192
The effect of head position on seed yield was studied on 56 at random taken plants grown in an open-air plot near Zaragoza (Spain) which contained around 150 ‘Imperial Star’ globe artichoke plants. When plants started bolting, primary heads were cut away to favour the development of the remaining heads. Flowering started by mid-May and finished at the end of June. During this period, the week in which flowering started was recorded for 77 secondary, 56 tertiary and 60 quaternary randomly chosen heads. During flowering and seed setting, rainfall and temperatures were recorded. Harvested seeds were classified into viable and non-viable for each of the 193 heads. No significant interaction was found between the week of flowering and head position (secondary, tertiary or quaternary). Seed yield was higher on quaternary and tertiary than on secondary heads. The best seed setting period, the first fortnight of June was associated with absence of rain. In all cases, seed yield was low. 相似文献
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Interactions between two canopy layers in a designed perennial herbaceous plant community were investigated over a period of four and a half years to see whether it was possible to create an urban landscape vegetation that was both flower rich for an extensive time period and resistant to weed colonization at very low levels of maintenance by sowing seed in situ. The ecologically novel plant community involved a tall over-canopy layer of 18 species of North American prairie and woodland edge forbs, and a shade tolerant under-canopy of eight European and North American, mainly woodland forbs. After 5 years the community was dominated by four over-canopy and two winter green under-canopy species. Interspecific competition generated by the sown biomass restricted weed colonization to very low levels, despite the experiment being surrounded by a weedy brownfield. The winter green canopies of the two dominant under-storey forbs closed down gaps within a winter deciduous, prairie-like vegetation, improving winter appearance and providing a major flowering display in spring. This vegetation is an attractive design model for more sustainable herbaceous planting in urban landscape space. 相似文献
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Roads limit of seed dispersal and seedling recruitment of Quercus chenii in an urban hillside forest
Paved roads in urban forests cause forest fragmentation and thus reduce animal populations, threaten dispersal and recruitment of animal-dispersed plants. Here, we tracked animal-mediated seed dispersal of Quercus chenii in the urban forest centre and near roadsides to test the effect of paved roads on seed dispersal and recruitment. We conducted experiments in a forest patch in urban areas of Wuhan, China. The forest was dominated by the focal tree species and separated by paved roads. Only two potential seed dispersal animals, one rodent (Niviventer confucianus) and one jay (Garrulus glandarius) were observed in this stand. Seeds were removed farther but not as fast in the forest centre compared to roadsides, while no differences of seed fate, dispersal direction, and seedling establishment were detected between the forest centre and roadsides, indicating the thick vegetation along roadsides provided feeding shelters for small animals. However, when compared with primary forests containing more seed dispersers, seed removal rate in this urban forest fragment was much slower in both forest centre and roadside. Furthermore, due to road barriers, seeds were seldom moved across the paved road and remained in the fragmented stand, reflecting a limited function of seed dispersers. These results suggested paved roads isolated forests into small “islands” and weakened the ecological function of seed dispersers by impeding long distance seed dispersal. Reintroducing dispersers and building wildlife corridors would be impactful ways to restore urban forest patches. 相似文献
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为了探讨贵州地方辣椒品种资源的类别、分布与开发利用情况,在对贵州地方辣椒资源的收集调查整理的基础上,依据目前通行的分类标准,将贵州辣椒分为一年生栽培种(Capsicum annuum L.)和多年生栽培种(C.frutescens L.);以果形、果色、果实着生方向和栽培性状为依据,将贵州辣椒分为锥形椒、指形椒、牛角椒、线椒、灯笼椒、樱桃椒、簇生椒、黄辣椒、小山椒共9个类型;依据辣椒类型在某个区域范围内的栽培比例达70%为标准,将贵州辣椒资源划分为5个集中分布区,即牛角椒集中分布区,朝天椒集中分布区,线椒、牛角椒集中分布区,线椒、簇生朝天椒集中分布区,朝天椒、小山椒集中分布区;分析认为,贵州辣椒地方资源的综合开发应用潜力较大。 相似文献
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Cities contain a diverse range of habitats that support plant establishment and persistence. This study focuses on a particular vertical artificial habitat: masonry retaining walls in Hong Kong. We explored the diversity and co-existence of different plant growth forms, synoptic assessment of habitat conditions, and relationship between habitat factors and vegetation occurrence. Some 270 walls with notable plant colonization in old districts were studied. We surveyed intrinsic wall fabric, extrinsic site condition, tree species and abundance, and other types of plant cover. The data were evaluated with the help of principal component and multiple regression analyses. A wide assemblage of species and growth forms have established spontaneously on walls. The tree flora is dominated by Moraceae (Mulberry family) members, genus Ficus (figs or banyans), and particularly Ficus microcarpa. Trees with strangler characteristics pre-adapted to grow on the vertical habitat are strongly favoured, followed by ruderals and garden escapees. Natives outnumber exotics by a large margin. Multiple wall attributes could be condensed into four factors, classified as water-nutrient supply, habitat connectivity, structure-maintenance, and habitat size. The action of habitat factors on vegetation occurrence hinges on plant growth form and dimension. The occurrence of diminutive lichen-moss is related to the fundamental sustenance water-nutrient factor. The bigger mature trees are more dependent on the larger-scale habitat size factor. The medium-sized plants, including herbs, shrubs and tree seedlings, are contingent upon the dual influence of water-nutrient and habitat connectivity. Spatial contiguity with natural ecosystem can secure continual supplies of seeds, water, nutrient, genial microclimate, and clean air to foster wall vegetation growth. The conservation of walls and their companion flora could avoid degrading or reducing these critical enabling factors. The urban ecological heritage deserves to be protected from unnecessary, misinformed and harmful impacts. 相似文献