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1.
Toan Duc Pham Tri Minh Bui Gun Werlemark Tuyen Cach Bui Arnulf Merker Anders S. Carlsson 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(5):679-690
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a traditional oil crop cultivated throughout South East Asia. To estimate the genetic diversity of this crop in parts
at the region, 22 sesame accessions collected in Vietnam and Cambodia were analyzed using 10 RAPD markers. The 10 primers
generated 107 amplification products of which 88 were polymorphic fragments (83%). Genetic diversity of all populations was
Ht = 0.34 when estimated by Nei’s genetic diversity and species diversity was H′sp = 0.513 when estimated by Shannon diversity index. Genetic distance ranged from 0.03 to 0.43, with a mean genetic distance
of 0.23. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis for the 22 accessions divided
the material in four groups. The dendrogram revealed a clear division among the sesame accessions based on their geographical
region. Interestingly, some geographically distant accessions clustered in the same group, which might indicate the human
factor involved in the spreading of sesame varieties. The high level of polymorphism shown suggests that RAPD techniques can
also be useful for the selection of parents in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) breeding program and for cultivar differentiation. 相似文献
2.
Milene Silvestrini Michele G. Junqueira Andréa C. Favarin Oliveiro Guerreiro-Filho Mirian P. Maluf Maria B. Silvarolla Carlos A. Colombo 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1367-1379
Genetic diversity among 115 coffee accessions from the Coffea Germplasm Collection of IAC was assessed using SSR markers. The germplasm represents 73 accessions of Coffea arabica derived from spontaneous and subspontaneous plants in Ethiopia and Eritrea, species center of origin and diversity, 13 commercial
cultivars of C. arabica developed by the Breeding Program of IAC, 1 accession of C. arabica cv. ‘Geisha’, 13 accessions of C. arabica from Yemen, 5 accessions of C. eugenioides, 4 accessions of C. racemosa and 6 accessions of C. canephora. Genetic analysis was performed using average number of alleles per locus (A), proportion of polymorphic loci (P), Shannon’s genetic index (H′ and G′ST) and clustering analysis. All evaluated species were distinguished by a cluster analysis based on Jaccard’s coefficient.
Differentiation between the cultivated plants of C. arabica and accessions derived from spontaneous and subspontaneous plants was observed. Spontaneous and subspontaneous accessions
from Ethiopia were separated according to the geographical origin: east and west of the Great Rift Valley. Cultivated plants
showed a low genetic diversity with a division in two groups: accessions from Yemen (H′=0,028) and Brazilian commercial cultivars (H′=0,030). The results agreed with previously reported narrow genetic basis of cultivated plants of C. arabica and supported the hypotheses about domestication of the species. This study also showed a significant genetic diversity among
accessions from Ethiopia and Eritrea present in the Germplasm Collection of IAC. This diversity is specially observed in accessions
from Sidamo (H′=0,143), Kaffa (H′=0,142) and Illubabor (H′=0,147) indicating their importance as source of genetic variability for coffee breeding programs. 相似文献
3.
An investigation was conducted to determine the extent of diversity and relationships among a worldwide safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm collection and to find out adapted accessions that can be used in an organic safflower breeding program in
Germany. A total of 468 accessions was studied under organic farming conditions at Kleinhohenheim experimental station during
the seasons of 2004 and 2005. All the accessions were evaluated for 12 phenotypic traits and three rated diseases. Multivariate
analyses have been used to measure the diversity in a subset of 200 accessions and 11 geographical regions. Generally, the
study showed that there was a large genetic variation within accessions. A coefficient of variation (CV%) for investigated
traits and diseases ranged from 2.9 to 91.0% with the highest CV was recorded for yield/m2, yield/plant and seeds/plant. The
most accessions that originated in Europe revealed relatively better performance compared to non-Europeans. High yielding,
early maturing, and disease tolerant accessions were identified. However, the low oil content (8.7–22.8%) is the primary concern
in this germplasm collection. The degree of heritability varied between 10% for lodging to 86% for plant height. Genotypic
coefficient of correlation (r
g) was slightly higher for many traits than the respective phenotypic coefficient. Oil content and seed yield/m2 were highly
significantly correlated (r
g = 0.78). The genotypic coefficient of correlation showed that selection for seeds/plant and thousand kernel weight was effective
for improvement of seed yield and oil content. The results of the principal component analysis and the clustering pattern
of accessions were consistent with the results of analysis of variance. About 78% of the total phenotypic diversity in the
germplasm was explained on the basis of four principal components and 88% of the total variation among geographical regions
was contributed by the first three principal components. The distribution of the accessions within clusters has no apparent
relationship with the geographical origin. However, many of the European accessions have a tendency to stay together. 相似文献
4.
5.
Muhammad A. Khan Sabine von Witzke-Ehbrecht Brigitte L. Maass Heiko C. Becker 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(1):19-30
Patterns of geographical diversity, and the relationship between agro-morphological traits and fatty acid composition were
assessed for 193 safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) accessions representing forty countries. Accessions were assigned to eight groups based on geographical proximity. Cluster
and Principal Component analyses were performed to assess patterns of diversity among the accessions and to select the most
distant accessions from each of eight groups for analysis of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. There was
a large amount of diversity for agro-morphological traits, fatty acid composition, and RAPD markers. Most correlations among
different traits were rather low. Plant height showed a positive correlation with days to flowering (r = 0.63**). Palmitic acid was positively correlated with stearic acid and oleic acid values, and negatively correlated with
linoleic acid (P < 0.01). Oleic acid and linoleic acid showed a strong negative correlation (r = −0.89**). The first three principal components together explained 59% of the variation, however, neither principal component
analysis (PCA) nor marker analysis revealed a clear relationship between diversity pattern and geographical origin. Accessions
from some geographical regions tended to group together, such as accessions from South Western Asia, Central Western Europe,
and the Mediterranean region. The correlation between the morphological matrix and the genetic matrix based on RAPD markers
was not significant (r = 0.027). Wide diversity in safflower germplasm indicates a considerable potential for improving this crop for both agronomic
and quality traits. 相似文献
6.
7.
Miao-Miao Li Yu-Liang Cai Zeng-Qiang Qian Gui-Fang Zhao 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(4):455-464
In this study, the genetic diversity and differentiation of 10 natural Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl. populations were investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Totally, 18 selected primers generated
150 loci, with an average of 8.33 bands per primer. The results showed that the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was pretty low at the population level (PPB = 1.13–32%), but relatively high at the species level (PPB = 84%). Besides, a high level of genetic differentiation among populations was detected based on the gene differentiation
coefficient (G
ST = 0.7118) and the hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) (Φ
ST = 64.53%, P < 0.001), in line with the low inter-population gene flow (N
m = 0.2025). Moreover, Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among the populations
(r = 0.5272, P < 0.005). The high level of intraspecific genetic diversity was probably related with its life history traits, while its
small population size and the resultant high levels of genetic drift and inbreeding might explain the low genetic diversity
within populations. The relatively high inter-population genetic differentiation was largely attributed to its small population
size, habitat fragmentation, the mode of pollen and seed dispersal, and geographic isolation. Based on the present study,
conservation strategies were proposed to preserve this valuable natural germplasm resource. 相似文献
8.
Knowledge of the genetic diversity in the germplasm accessions is important for the efficient germplasm management. We studied
45 colored rice accessions, which had been earlier collected from peninsular India. The accessions were evaluated at two diverse
locations for 12 morpho-agronomic traits and genotyped using 50 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Significant genotypic
variability was observed for all morpho-agronomic traits studied. Dendrogram and principal component analysis based on morpho-agronomic
traits separated the accessions into three clusters. The first two principal components accounted for 82% of the total variation.
The most discriminatory traits were number of grains per panicle, biomass yield, and days to flowering and maturity. The SSR
analysis revealed high polymorphic information content value of 0.84. Though, Mantel test did not show a significant correlation,
yet the classification based on phenotyping and genotyping data showed good agreement for the expression of morpho-agronomic
traits in the formation of clusters. Five accessions had high concentration (> 100 μg/g) of Fe and one of Zn. Our study revealed
the presence of large genetic variation among the colored rice accessions evaluated and moderate agreement between morpho-agronomic
and SSR–based classifications and of these with geographic diversity. 相似文献
9.
Dapeng Zhang Windson July Martínez Elizabeth S. Johnson Eduardo Somarriba Wilberth Phillips-Mora Carlos Astorga Sue Mischke Lyndel W. Meinhardt 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(2):239-252
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important economic crop in the Bolivian Amazon. Bolivian farmers both cultivate cacao, and extract fruits from
wild stands in the Beni River region and in valleys of the Andes foothills. The germplasm group traditionally used is presently
referred to as “Cacao Nacional Boliviano” (CNB). Using DNA fingerprinting technology based on microsatellite markers, we genotyped
164 Bolivian cacao accessions, including both cultivated and wild CNB accessions sampled from the Amazonian regions of La
Paz and Beni, and compared their SSR profiles with 78 reference Forastero accessions from Amazonian cacao populations, including
germplasm from the Ucayali region of Peru. Results of multivariate ordination and analysis of molecular variance show that
CNB cacao has a unique genetic profile that is significantly different from the known cacao germplasm groups in South America.
The results also show that cultivated CNB and wild CNB populations in the Beni River share a similar genetic profile, suggesting
that the cultivated CNB is of indigenous origin in Bolivia. The level of genetic diversity, measured by allele richness and
gene diversity in the Bolivian cacao, is moderately high, but was significantly lower than gene diversity in the other Amazonian
cacao populations. Significant spatial genetic structure was detected in the wild CNB population, using analysis of autocorrelation
(rc = 0.232; P < 0.001) and Mantel tests (Rxy = 0.276; P < 0.001). This finding is also highly valuable to support in situ conservation and sustainable use of CNB genetic diversity in Bolivia. 相似文献
10.
P. N. Sivalingam Dhurendra Singh Sarita Chauhan 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(2):305-316
Twenty two germplasm accessions of Cordia myxa were collected from Rajasthan and established at the field gene bank for conservation and evaluation. Morphological characterization
of 10 year-old trees for 17 traits indicated wide variations among the accessions tested. Higher number of flowers per cyme
was found in accession ACHM11 and higher pulp:stone ratio in AHCM25. Overall, AHCM22 was found to be a superior germplasm
line for most of the horticulturally useful traits among the accessions tested as it had higher percent of fruit set, pulp:stone
ratio and fruit weight. High significant positive correlation was obtained between leaf, fruit characters and pulp:stone ratio.
However, these characters were found to be negatively correlated with number of flowers per cyme. Out of 50 random decamer
primers used for random amplification (RAPD), 25 were polymorphic. Average polymorphism resolved by these markers among these
accessions was 69.8% with an average polymorphic information content of 0.43. Genetic diversity revealed by Jaccard’s co-efficient
was between 0.44 and 0.94, and three major clusters were identified among these accessions by phylogenetic analysis using
NTSYSpc-2.02e software. RAPD markers associated with leaf size and pulp:stone ratio were also identified. This study shows
the existence of high genetic diversity among these accessions. 相似文献
11.
Faris Hailu Arnulf Merker Harjit-Singh Getachew Belay Eva Johansson 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(6):1089-1098
The variability of 2420 plants of tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28, AABB genome) wheat germplasm representing 121 accessions from Ethiopia were evaluated for 23 agro-morphological traits at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center area, Akaki substation, during the 2003 main season using multivariate methods. This enabled to assess the extent and pattern of variation of the germplasm with respect to regions, altitude classes and species and to identify the major traits contributing to the diversity. The first three and two principal components explained about 83 and 80% of the total variance among regions and altitudinal class, respectively. In the first principal component plant height, days to heading, the length and density of the spike, and kernel color were the most important traits contributing to variation that explained about 50% of regional variance. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into 15 clusters, with 9 accessions remaining ungrouped. Based on the observed patterns of variation, it is concluded that there exists great variation in the germplasm, which provides opportunities to be utilized for genetic improvement. 相似文献
12.
Ten released varieties and one hundred and eleven tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28, AABB) wheat accessions collected from different major wheat producing regions, consisting of totally 2904 entries were
characterized for content of yellow pigment, gluten strength, thousand kernel weights, grain yield, percent of yellow berry,
glumes color, awn color, seed color, beak shape and spike density. The objectives were to assess variation with respect to
regions of origin, species and altitudinal classes and to study the interrelationships of the qualitative traits used for
the study. The accessions and/or released varieties showed significant regional variation for all the traits used in the study,
but clinal variation among altitudinal classes and species were significant (P ≤ 0.01) in 6 (60%) and 9 (90%) of the studied traits, respectively. The accessions revealed consistent variation (P ≤ 0.001) within both regions and altitudinal classes for all the traits used in the study. The sedimentation volume was positively
correlated with content of yellow pigment, percent of yellow berry, thousand kernel weights, glumes color, awn color, beak
shape, seed color and grain yield. The contents of yellow pigment was positively correlated with awn color, beak shape and
grain yield, but negatively correlated with seed color and spike density. Generally wide variation was found in the germplasm.
Particularly variation was high for the content of the yellow pigment as well as the gluten strength, which provides opportunities
to be utilized for genetic improvement. 相似文献
13.
Nahla V. Bassil B. Gilmore J. M. Oliphant K. E. Hummer J. A. Henning 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(7):959-969
Eight genic SSR loci were evaluated for genetic diversity assessment and genotype identification in Humulus lupulus L. from Europe and North America. Genetic diversity, as measured by three diversity indices, was significantly lower in European
cultivars than in North American wild accessions. Neighbor Joining cluster analysis separated the hop genotypes into European
and North American groups. These eight SSRs were useful in uniquely identifying each accession with the exception of two sets
of European landraces and a pair of Japanese cultivars, ‘Shinshuwase’ and ‘Kirin II’. An accession from Manitoba grouped with
the European (EU) cluster reflecting the group’s genetic similarity to older Manitoba germplasm used to develop ‘Brewer's
Gold’ and the gene pool arising from this cultivar. Cultivars grouped closely with one of their immediate parents. ‘Perle’
grouped with its parent ‘Northern Brewer and ‘Willamette’ grouped with its parent ‘Fuggle H’. Wild American accessions were
divided into two subgroups: a North Central group containing mostly H. lupulus var. lupuloides and a Southwestern group containing H. lupulus var. neomexicanus accessions. These eight SSRs will be valuable for genotype identification in European and wild American germplasm and may
potentially prove useful for marker-assisted selection in hop. PCR products from four previously reported primer pairs that
amplify the same intronic SSR regions as do the genic SSRs in this study were compared in eight common cultivars. Different
primer pairs generated robust markers at the chs2 and chi loci. However, only the HLC-004B and HLC-006 primer pairs amplified successfully at the chs3 and chs4 loci.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
14.
Anne M. Koehmstedt Mallikarjuna K. Aradhya Daniela Soleri Jenny L. Smith Vito S. Polito 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(4):519-531
Fifteen microsatellite loci were used to genotype 108 accessions of cultivated olive, Olea europaea L. ssp. europaea var. europaea, and eight of O. europaea L. ssp. cuspidata (Wall. ex G. Don) Ciferri, from the germplasm collection of the United States Department of Agriculture in Davis, California.
Number of alleles per locus ranged from 3, for locus IAS-pOe12_A, to 16, for locus ssrOeUA-DCA11, with an overall mean of
9.93. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.175, for locus UDO99–019, to 0.937, for locus GAPU89, with a mean of 0.640. The
cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method displayed thirteen clusters within
seven main groups that can be partially described by common geographic origin or fruit use, though overlap among these groups
was common. The locus-wise total gene diversity (H
T) ranged from 0.319, at UDO99–019, to 0.847, at ssrOeUA-DCA3, with an overall mean of 0.696. Most of the gene diversity was
partitioned within clusters, with proportions (H
S/H
T) ranging from 0.633, at IAS-pOe12_B, to 0.848 at GAPU89 per locus, with a mean of 0.759. The principal components analysis
explained 24.8% of the total variation along the first two components. Projection of accessions onto the first two principal
components produced affinities generally in agreement with the results of the UPGMA cluster analysis. The California cultivar
‘Mission’ clustered closely with Iberian cultivars and may represent clonal selections adapted to local growing conditions.
The results show significant diversity but low levels of differentiation among olive cultivars within the collection. 相似文献
15.
Pan Dong Yu-Ming Wei Guo-Yue Chen Wei Li Eviatar Nevo You-Liang Zheng 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(1):121-136
Using the 8 specific primer pairs based on the conserved motifs of plant resistance genes, the plant disease resistance gene
analog polymorphisms (RGAPs) in 15 wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) populations from Israel had been detected. High genetic variations at the RGAP loci were observed in T. dicoccoides populations. A total of 254 discernible bands were obtained among 115 accessions, and 192 bands (75.6%) were polymorphic.
Each genotype had a unique banding profile, and the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.094 to 0.862. In T. dicoccoides, the proportion of polymorphic loci (P), the genetic diversity (He) and Shannon’s information index were 0.756, 0.362 and 0.541, respectively. The proportion of polymorphic loci (P) per population averaged 0.732 (range: 0.515–0.932); genetic diversity (He) averaged 0.271 (range: 0.212–0.338); and Shannon’s information index averaged 0.404 (range: 0.310–0.493). The coefficients
of genetic distance (D) among populations averaged 0.107 (range: 0.043–0.178), and the results of Mantel test (r = 0.168, P = 0.091) showed that the estimates of genetic distance were geographically independent. Neighbor-joining cluster analysis
suggested that the genetic relationships of T. dicoccoides populations were associated with their ecogeographic distribution. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)
and the coefficient of gene differentiation (G
ST
) values revealed that most of the variations were presented within populations, although significant differences among populations
and regions were also detected. The values of P and Shannon’s information index were negatively correlated with the two factors: Tdd (day–night temperature difference) and
Ev (mean annual evaporation), whereas they were positively correlated with one water factor: Rn (mean annual rainfall). The
correlation matrix between He in the RGAPs and geographic variables contained 20 significant (P < 0.05) correlations. The present study established that T. dicoccoides in Israel had a considerable amount of genetic variations at RGAP loci at least partly correlated with ecological factors. 相似文献
16.
One hundred and forty-four heterogeneous tef germplasm accessions collected from 10 major tef growing areas in Ethiopia were
evaluated for 18 quantitative traits in a simple lattice design, at Holetta and Ginchi, in 2001 main growing season to study
the genetic diversity in tef. The combined analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation among germplasm
accessions for all traits studied. Cluster analysis revealed the overlapping of the germplasm accessions from different origin
and the accessions were grouped into eight distinct clusters of 1–78. Generalized distance square confirmed the presence of
significant genetic distance between clusters. In principal component (Prin) analysis, the first four principal components
with latent root values above one accounted for about 80.6% of the variability existing among the germplasm accessions. Prin1
constituted about 55% of the variability mainly from almost equal contribution of 10 quantitative traits, indicating that
most of the traits are equally important in tef diversity. In this study, the regions and altitudes of origin were not found
to have a substantial effect on the genetic diversity in tef germplasm. Diversity within the regions was found to be significant
and, hence, an opportunity for exploitation in tef improvement. 相似文献
17.
Nidhi Rawat Vijay K. Tiwari Neelam Singh Gursharn S. Randhawa Kuldeep Singh Parveen Chhuneja Harcharan S. Dhaliwal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(1):53-64
Grains of 80 accessions of nine species of wild Triticum and Aegilops along with 15 semi-dwarf cultivars of bread and durum wheat grown over 2 years at Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee,
were analyzed for grain iron and zinc content. The bread and durum cultivars had very low content and little variability for
both of these micronutrients. The related non-progenitor wild species with S, U and M genomes showed up to 3–4 folds higher
iron and zinc content in their grains as compared to bread and durum wheat. For confirmation, two Ae. kotschyi Boiss. accessions were analyzed after ashing and were found to have more than 30% higher grain ash content than the wheat
cultivars containing more than 75% higher iron and 60% higher zinc than that of wheat. There were highly significant differences
for iron and zinc contents among various cultivars and wild relatives over both the years with very high broad sense heritability.
There was a significantly high positive correlation between flag leaf iron and grain iron (r = 0.82) and flag leaf zinc and grain zinc (r = 0.92) content of the selected donors suggesting that the leaf analysis could be used for early selection for high iron
and zinc content. ‘Chinese Spring’ (Ph
I
) was used for inducing homoeologous chromosome pairing between Aegilops and wheat genomes and transferring these useful traits from the wild species to the elite wheat cultivars. A majority of
the interspecific hybrids had higher leaf iron and zinc content than their wheat parents and equivalent or higher content
than their Aegilops parents suggesting that the parental Aegilops donors possess a more efficient system for uptake and translocation of the micronutrients which could ultimately be utilized
for wheat grain biofortification. Partially fertile to sterile BC1 derivatives with variable chromosomes of Aegilops species had also higher leaf iron and zinc content confirming the possibility of transfer of required variability. Some of
the fertile BC1F3 and BC2F2 derivatives had as high grain ash and grain ash iron and zinc content as that of the donor Aegilops parent. Further work on backcrossing, selfing, selection of fertile derivatives, leaf and grain analyses for iron and zinc
for developing biofortified bread and durum wheat cultivars is in progress.
Nidhi Rawat, Vijay K. Tiwari, and Neelam Singh have contributed equally to the work. 相似文献
18.
Genetic diversity is reduced from wild soybean to cultivars and from landraces to modern varieties. However, intraspecies
genetic diversity loss between characters or phenotypes also existed in wild soybean. We revealed the phylogenic relationship
of character types in Chinese wild soybean using 42 SSR markers. We conjectured that white flower, no-seed bloom, grey pubescence,
and four seed coat colours were evolutionarily acquired phenotypes. There were a small decrease (∆H = 0.1–6.46%) of gene diversity
and a moderate reduction (∆Na = 10.81–53.54%) of number of alleles but a violent loss (80.74–98.59%) of unique alleles in the acquired phenotypes. Our
results seemed to suggest that ovoid and elliptic leaves were differentiated at the earliest and subsequently lanceolate leaf
appeared before the domestication of soybeans within wild soybean, and that G. gracilis type was another earliest type, maybe emerged since the appearance of soybeans or it was concomitant with the domestication
of soybean. 相似文献
19.
A set of experimental introgression lines of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Novosibirskaya 67 (N67)—Triticum
polonicum L. line IC 12196 was developed using a small-scale bulk breeding method. The linkage map in chromosome 7A was constructed
using F2 hybrids of N67/IC12196 and 34 microsatellite markers. The P gene was flanked by the centromeric markers, Xgwm890 (18.6 cM) and Xbarc108 (20.0 cM) on the long arm of chromosome 7A. Among 124 introgression lines, 118 lines were hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), and 6 were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28). Among hexaploid accessions, 68 were long-glumed, whereas 50 were normal-glumed. Thirty-four polymorphic microsatellite
markers were scored for either the N67 alleles or IC 12196 alleles in 124 introgression lines derived from N67/IC 12196. The
UPGMA dendrogram showed five clusters; Cluster 1 mainly contained hexaploid introgression lines with long glumes. Although
the alleles around the P locus were recombined with IC1296 alleles, the distal end of the chromosome contained N67 alleles. Cluster 2 mainly contained
normal glumed, hexaploid introgression lines. These predominantly had the N67 alleles on the long arm of chromosome 7A and
the short arm proximal to the centromere. Cluster 3 contained long-glumed, hexaploid wheat lines with relatively high level
of recombination. Cluster 4 contained non-parental alleles. Cluster 5 contained the group of tetraploid wheat lines. These
tetraploid lines have IC12196 alleles on both arms of chromosome 7A. The frequency spectrum of parental alleles and chromosomal
blocks among introgression lines suggested that T. aestivum – T. polonicum hybridization can rapidly give rise to a new landrace due to selective introgression of the P gene. 相似文献
20.
Pedro Talhinhas José Leitão João Neves-Martins 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):563-578
Lupinus angustifolius L. is a Mediterranean species, domesticated in the 20th century, representing an important grain legume crop in Australia
and other countries. This work is focused on the collection of wild germplasm and on the characterisation of morphological
and molecular diversity of germplasm accessions. It reports the collection of 81 wild L. angustifolius accessions from the South and Centre of Portugal, available at the ‘Instituto Superior de Agronomia Gene Bank’, with subsequent
morphological and molecular characterisation of a selection of these and other accessions. A multivariate analysis of morphological
traits on 88 L. angustifolius accessions (including 59 wild Portuguese accessions, 15 cultivars and 14 breeding lines) showed a cline of variation on wild
germplasm, with plants from Southern Portugal characterised by earlier flowering, higher vegetative development and larger
seeds. AFLP and ISSR molecular markers grouped modern cultivars as sub-clusters within the wider diversity of wild germplasm,
revealing the narrow pool of genetic diversity on which domesticated accessions are based. The importance of preserving, characterising
and using wild genetic resources for L. angustifolius crop improvement is outlined by the results obtained. 相似文献