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1.
从猪呼吸道冠状病毒（porcine respiratory coronavirus,PRCV）基因组特点、结构蛋白、病毒变异与演化、实验室诊断等方面论述PRCV的研究进展,对进一步地了解该病毒的特性,制定合理的预防和检疫措施,防止该病传入中国奠定基础。  相似文献   

2.
To study the influence of Hypericum perforatum extract （HPE） on piglets infected with porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus （PRRSV）, enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and cytopathic effect （CPE） were used to determine in vitro whether HPE could induce swine pulmonary alveolar macrophages （PAMs） to secrete IFN-γ, and whether PRRSV titers in PAMs were affected by the levels of HPE-induced IFN-γ. HPE （200 mg·kg-1） was administrated by oral gavage to piglets infected with the PRRSV in vivo to observe whether HPE affected the viremia, lung viral titers, and weight gain of piglets infected with PRRSV. The results showed that HPE was capable of inducing PAMs to produce IFN-γ in a dose dependent manner and HPE pretreatment was capable of significantly reducing PRRSV viral titers in PAMs （P〈 0.01）. Administration of HPE to the PRRSV-infected animals significantly （P〈 0.05） reduced viremia over time as compared with the PRRSV-infected animals. But there was not significant decrease in lung viral titers at day 21 post-infection between the HPE- treated animals and the PRRSV-infected control piglets. There were no significant differences in weight gain over time among the HPE-treatment animals, the normal control, and the HPE control animals. The PRRSV-infected animals caused significant （P〈 0.01） growth retardation as compared with the HPE controls and the normal piglets. It suggested that HPE might be an effective novel therapeutic approach to diminish the PRRSV-induced disease in swine.  相似文献   

3.
The responses of dormancy induction to illumination and the characteristics of respiratory rate were studied with the nectarine peach bud in this article. The trial was conducted with nectarine （Prunus persica var. nectariana cv. Shuguang） and involved three treatments： a short day treatment （8 h）, a long day treatment （16 h）, and the normal condition as the control. The dormancy status was determined with the growth of shoot and the sprouting ability, and the respiratory rate was mensurated with oxygen electrode. Short day treatment could induce the growth stopping of peach shoots ahead, promote the development of dormancy, and induce buds into dormancy with 21 d previous to control. Long day treatment postponed the growth stopping and the induction and development of dormancy. The respiratory rate decreased according to the development of dormancy induction. The minimum respiratory rate appeared about 7 days after the start of dormancy induction. Bud respiratory rate increased during this period and then declined and remained at low level during dormancy period. Long day reduced buds respiratory rate slightly. Short day could induce dormancy obviously, and long day postponed dormancy induction. The changes of respiratory rate were correlated with the development of dormancy induction, and the bud respiratory rate was also affected by photoperiod.  相似文献   

4.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） could differentiate into various cell types including adipocytes and myocytes, which had important scientific significance not only in the field of tissue regeneration, but also in the field of agricultural science. In an attempt to exhibit the characterization and differentiation into adipocytes and myocytes of porcine BMSCs, we isolated and purified porcine BMSCs by red blood cell lysis method and percoll gradient centrifugation. The purified cells presented a stretched fibroblast-like phenotype when adhered to the culture plate. The results of flow cytometry analysis and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the isolated cells were positive for mesenchymal surface markers CD29, CD44 and negative for hematopoietic markers CD45 and the adhesion molecules CD31. Cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes with adipogenic medium containing insulin, dexamethasone, oleate and octanoate. Oil Red O staining demonstrated that the porcine BMSCs successfully differentiated to adipocytes. Moreover, the findings of real-time PCR and Western blotting indicated that the induced cells expressed adipogenic marker genes （PPAR-y, C/EBP-c~, perilipin, aP2） mRNA or proteins （PPAR-3,, perilipin, aP2）. On the other hand, porcine BMSCs were induced into myoctyes with myogenic medium supplemented with 5-azacytidine, basic fibroblast growth factor, chick embryo extract and horse serum. Morphological observation by hochest 33342 staining showed that the induced cells presented as multi-nucleus muscular tube structure. And myogenic marker genes （Myf5, desmin） mRNA or proteins （MyfS, MyoD, myogenin, desmin） were found in the induced cells. In addition, the results of immunofluorescence staining revealed that myogenic marker （Myf5, MyoD, myogenin, desmin, S-MyHC） proteins was positive in the induced cells. Above all, these results suggested that the isolated porcine BMSCs were not only consistent with the characterization of mesenchymal stem cells, but also exhibited the multipotential capacity to form adipocytes and myocytes, which provided the basis to investigate the regulation mechanism involved in the selective differentiation of porcine BMSCs.  相似文献   

5.
Changes in main biochemical respiratory pathways in dormant nectarine floral buds were studied with nectarine trees （Prunus persica.var, nectariana cv. Shuguang） in order to determine the function of respiration in dormancy release. Oxygen-electrode system and respiratory inhibitors were used to measure total respiratory rates and rates of respiratory pathways. Results showed that chilling deficiency blocked the transition of respiratory mode, and made buds stay in a state of high level pentose phosphate pathway （PPP） and low level tricarboxylie acid cycle （TCA）. The decline of PPP and activation of TCA occurred synchronously with the release of dormancy. In addition, the inhibition of PPP stimulated a respiration increase related with TCA. It could be concluded that the function of PPP activation in dormancy release might be limited and PPP declination inducing TCA activation might be part of respiration mode transition mechanism during bud sprouting.  相似文献   

6.
DNA microchip used in this study was formed from miniature arrays of pseudorabies virus （PrV） gene-specific probes immobilized on a glass surface. Hybridization using DNA microchip （microarrays） was used for differentiation between virulent and attenuated PrV. The presence of four gene segments （gB, gD, gE~, and gE ） encoding conservative glycoprotein B （gB）, D （gD）, and E （gE） of PrV was monitored using multiplex PCR. The amplicons were labeled with Cy5 or Cy3 dyes followed by hybridization to the gene-specific capture probes on the microchip. The presence of gD and gB, gE~ gene fragments was shown in virulent （gE~ genotype） and attenuated PrV （gE genotype）, whereas gE- gene （deleted domain in gE gene） was demonstrated only in virulent, not in attenuated, virus. No cross-hybridization was observed when fluorescence labeled-PCR products of PrV were hybridized using capture probes of related viruses, such as porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus （PRRSV）, porcine parvovirus （PPV）, Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV）, and porcine circovirus type 2 （PCV-2）. The assay was 10 times sensitive than gD gene-specific PCR. Overall, the results of this study suggested that the microarray might be very useful for detection and differentiation of virulent PrV from attenuated one.  相似文献   

7.
Porcine skeletal muscle genes play a major role in determining muscle growth and meat quality. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the expression of functional genes in muscle tissues. In addition, novel genes for further research could be identified in the library. In this study, we constructed a full-length cDNA library from porcine muscle tissue. The estimated average size of the cDNA inserts was 1 076 bp, and the cDNA fullness ratio was 86.2%. A total of 1 058 unique sequences with 342 contigs （32.3%） and 716 singleton （67.7%） expressed sequence tags （EST） were obtained by clustering and assembling. Meanwhile, 826 （78.1%） ESTs were categorized as known genes, and 232 （21.9%） ESTs were categorized as unknown genes. 65 novel porcine genes that exhibit no identity in the TIGR gene index of Sus scrofa and 124 full-length sequences with unknown functions were deposited in the dbEST division of GenBank （accession numbers： EU650784-EU650788, GE843306, GH228978-GH229100）. The abundantly expressed genes in porcine muscle tissue were related to muscle fiber development, energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Gene ontology analysis showed that sequences expressed in porcine muscle tissue contained a high percentage of binding activity, catalytic activity, structural molecule activity and motor activity, which involved mainly in metabolic, cellular and developmental process, distributed mainly in intracellular region. The sequence data generated in this study would provide valuable information for identifying porcine genes expressed in muscle tissue and help to advance the study on the structure and function of genes in pigs.  相似文献   

8.
Mucosal immunity plays an important role in protecting pigs against transmissible gastroenteritis virus （TGEV） infection. To elicit mucosal immune response against TGEV, we developed a surface antigen display system using the poly-γ- glutamate synthetase A （pgsA） protein of Bacillus subtilis as an anchoring matrix to express recombinant fusion proteins of pgsA and nucleocapsid protein of TGEV in Lactobacillus casei. Surface location of fusion protein was verified by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence test. Oral and intranasal inoculations of pregnant sow and mice with recombinant L. casei resulted in high levels of serum immunoglobulin G （IgG） and secretory immunoglobulin A （slgA） against recombinant N protein as demonstrated by ELISA. More importantly, the level of specific slgA in colostrum significantly increased compared with that of IgG. The serum IgG levels of the piglets increased after suckling colostrum produced by sows was previously inoculated with recombinant L. casei. These results indicate that immunization with recombinant L. casei expressing TGEV N protein on its surface elicited high levels of specific slgA and circulating IgG against TGEV N protein.  相似文献   

9.
To investigate the adjuvant potential of porcine IL-4 and IFN-γ in mice and pigs, the genes of porcine IL-4 and IFN-γ were cloned and the recombinant mammalian expression plasmids were constructed for in vivo expression of the cytokines. Adjuvant effects of recombinant expression plasmids of IL-4 and IFN-γ （pcDNA-IL-4, pcDNA-IFN-γ） co-administrated with Cysticercus cellulosae crude antigen or TSOL18 recombinant protein antigen have been carried out in mice and pigs, respectively. We have demonstrated that recombinant plasmids of the cytokines as an adjuvant could induce stronger immune response in mice and pigs. With the C. cellulosae parasite antigen, porcine pcDNA-IL-4 induced higher specific antibody of immunized mice than pcDNA-IFN-γ. But pcDNA-IFN-γ is significantly stronger than that of no adjuvant or empty plasmids with the antigen control group. For the TSOL18 recombinant protein antigen vaccine, pcDNA-IL-4 still had a stronger ability to enhance specific antibody in swine than pcDNA-IFN-γ （P 〈 0.01）, but the immune protective rate was lower in challenged pigs （only 68.7%）. Although pcDNA-IFN-γ showed lower specific antibody, the protection rate was very high （91%） than other group （P 〈 0.01）. This study indicated that the recombinant expression plasmids of porcine IL-4 and IFN-γ display stronger adjuvant effects to C. cellulosae vaccine, further research should be carried out for understanding of the interaction mechanism.  相似文献   

10.
The fruits of peach cultivar Yuhua 3 were used as materials to investigate the changes of active oxygen and related enzymes in mitochondria respiratory metabolism during ripening of peach fruit, involving their influence on the proceeding of peach fruit senescence. The results showed that the large decrease in firmness occurred between maturity II and IV. The decrease in firmness coincided with an increase in respiratory intensity. Obvious peaks of respiratory intensity lagging to the rapid change of fruit firmness could be shown during peach ripening. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） had a cumulative process and positively correlated with respiratory intensity. During peach ripening, the content of Ca^2＋ increased, the activities of succinic dehydrogenase （SDH）, cytochrome C oxidase （CCO）, H＋-ATPase, and Ca^2＋-ATPase decreased varying in different degree at the later step of ripening. These suggested a close relationship existed between ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration, namely, both ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration probably played important roles in ripening and senescing of peach fruit.  相似文献   

11.
A novel coronavirus has been identified as the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The viral main proteinase (Mpro, also called 3CLpro), which controls the activities of the coronavirus replication complex, is an attractive target for therapy. We determined crystal structures for human coronavirus (strain 229E) Mpro and for an inhibitor complex of porcine coronavirus [transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)] Mpro, and we constructed a homology model for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Mpro. The structures reveal a remarkable degree of conservation of the substrate-binding sites, which is further supported by recombinant SARS-CoV Mpro-mediated cleavage of a TGEV Mpro substrate. Molecular modeling suggests that available rhinovirus 3Cpro inhibitors may be modified to make them useful for treating SARS.  相似文献   

12.
猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒及猪呼吸道冠状病毒都是能感染猪的冠状病毒属。这4种冠状病毒主要通过消化道感染猪机体．都可以引起猪腹泻,为了在临床上有效预防和治疗这4种病毒引起的疾病,该文简单叙述了诊断方法及防治措施,以期为养猪专业户提供理论依据。  相似文献   

13.
用纯化的重组PRV VP6蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,运用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,通过间接ELISA筛选,获得了1株稳定分泌抗PRV VP6的单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,命名C5D10。经鉴定C5D10为IgG1亚类,杂交瘤细胞的平均染色体数为93,细胞培养液上清及腹水效价分别为18∶00和11∶×106,且C5D10单克隆抗体不与猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒发生交叉反应,显示良好的特异性。  相似文献   

14.
猪源冠状病毒ORF3和ORF7的克隆及特性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
参照GenBank中Purdue株全序列对TGEV(猪传染性胃肠炎病毒)TS株的ORF3和ORF7各设计1对特异性引物,经RT-PCR扩增分别获得了1 487 bp和516 bp大小的两个片段,与预期结果大小相符.TS株与CHV株、Puedue株、BW021898B株和KT2株的ORF3a核苷酸序列同源性分别为99.1%、93.0%、95.9%、94.4%,相应的氨基酸同源性分别为97.3%、87.8%、93.2%、91.8%,TS株与CHV株、Puedue株、BW021898B株和KT2株的ORF3b核苷酸序列同源性分别为99.5%、98.5%、97.0%、97.8%,相应氨基酸的同源性分别为98.4%、96.3%、94.3%、95.8%,而TS株与PRCVIA1894株的ORF3b核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为96.6%和93.9%.TS株ORF7没有发生缺失且和其他毒株有很高的同源性.结果表明:TGEV非结构蛋白高变区在ORF3a第192个碱基至终止密码子之间,TGEV和PRCV在编码ORF3b氨基酸的数量和RNA酶结合位点上有一定的差异.  相似文献   

15.
新现猪Delta冠状病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立及其应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
【目的】猪Delta冠状病毒（Porcine Deltacoronavirus, PDCoV）是近年来新发现的可引起猪只,特别是新生仔猪腹泻的冠状病毒,其引发的腹泻具有较高的发病率和死亡率,是造成新生仔猪死亡的重要原因之一。试验拟建立新现PDCoV RT-PCR检测方法,并调查当前江西腹泻猪群中PDCoV的感染情况。【方法】通过对GenBank数据库中PDCoV全基因组序列的比对分析,找出保守序列,用Primer 3.0在线软件设计1对扩增PDCoV核衣壳（N）蛋白基因片段的特异性引物,基于该引物建立PDCoV RT-PCR检测方法;用建立的方法检测腹泻猪粪便及肠道样品,挑选阳性扩增产物进行克隆、测序;用本试验获得的PDCoV序列与其他国家或地区的PDCoV序列以及猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）共同构建进化树,分析PDCoV各毒株及其与PEDV和TGEV之间的进化关系;以PEDV、TGEV、猪库布病毒（PKoV）、猪星状病毒（PAstV）、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）及猪瘟病毒（CSFV）RNA为模板验证引物的特异性;构建PDCoV核衣壳蛋白基因片段重组质粒,并以系列稀释的重组质粒为模板确定所建立的PDCoV RT-PCR方法的敏感性;应用建立的RT-PCR方法调查249份2012-2015年江西省猪群腹泻样品中PDCoV的存在情况,随机抽取一定数量的RT-PCR阳性扩增产物进行克隆、测序进一步验证反应的特异性。【结果】①以腹泻猪粪便样品RNA为模板,应用所设计的特异性引物扩增出了329 bp的单一条带,与预期目的片段大小一致,扩增产物经克隆后测序,将获得的序列与NCBI GenBank数据库序列进行比对,比对结果表明试验所获得的序列与数据库中PDCoV序列的同源性高达99.1%,证明所扩增的序列属于PDCoV;②将8条本试验获得的PDCoV N基因片段序列与18株其他国家或地区的PDCoV毒株以及PEDV、TGEV的相应N基因片段序列构建进化树,结果表明26条PDCoV序列属于同一个分支,而PEDV和TGEV则分别属于不同的分支。试验获得的PDCoV序列与韩国PDCoV毒株KNU14-04亲缘关系最近,同源性高达99.1%;与两株香港毒株HKU 15-44和HKU 15-155亲缘关系相对较远;③本试验建立的RT-PCR方法特异性强,仅能扩增出PDCoV,而对PEDV、TGEV、PKoV、PAstV、PRRSV及CSFV核酸无交叉扩增现象;④所建立的RT-PCR方法灵敏度高,将含扩增片段的重组质粒以1.0×106拷贝/μL为起始浓度依次10倍稀释至1.0×101拷贝/μL作为模板验证方法的灵敏度,结果表明所建立的方法对PDCoV最低可检出量为1.0×103拷贝/μL;⑤应用建立的RT-PCR方法检测了249份2012-2015年采集自江西省各地区的腹泻母猪粪便及腹泻仔猪粪便/肠道样本,结果显示腹泻样本中PDCoV的检出率为31.33%（78/249）,母猪粪便中PDCoV的检出率（27.78%）稍低于仔猪粪便及肠道样品PDCoV的检出率（31.92%）,最早可从2012年的样品中检测出PDCoV。【结论】试验成功建立了检测新现PDCoV的RT-PCR方法;应用所建立的RT-PCR方法检测了249份2012-2015年江西地区猪群临床腹泻样品中PDCoV存在情况,结果表明PDCoV是一种普遍存在于腹泻猪群中的病毒;研究建立的RT-PCR方法对猪群PDCoV的临床诊断和流行病学调查等具有应用价值。  相似文献   

16.
根据GenBank中已登录的猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的序列,利用Primer 5.0设计合成了2对特异性引物。用这2对引物对TGEV、PEDV cDNA模板首先进行单项PCR条件优化,然后采用正交试验设计优化多重RT-PCR反应条件,结果同时扩增到2条与实验设计相符的492bp(PEDV)和211bp(TGEV)特异性条带,建立了能够同时检测2种病毒混合感染的特异、灵敏的多重PCR检测方法,可检测出约11pg的PEDV和13pg的TGEV。  相似文献   

17.
Porcine viral diarrhea is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease of pigs that causes huge economic losses worldwide. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) are the main pathogens responsible for piglet viral diarrhea. However, currently there is no specific drug available for the effective treatment of viral diarrhea. Therefore, it is necessary to seek an effective method to diminish PEDV and TGEV infection rates. RNA interference has been applied successfully to inhibit the virus replication. It provides a potential strategy for breeding resistant pigs. In this study, four promoters and four short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vectors with LoxP sites at each end of the selectable marker genes were constructed to target PEDV and TGEV. These vectors were then transfected into porcine fetal fibroblasts, G418 resistant transfectants were confirmed by PCR and transgenic SCNT porcine blastocysts were obtained. These results have paved the way for future production of marker-free transgenic resistant to PEDV and TEGV pigs by SCNT.  相似文献   

18.
[目的]对海南省某猪场腹泻病死仔猪病原进行实验室诊断。[方法]通过临床症状观察与病理剖检,结合RT-PCR方法和病毒的分离培养进行病原鉴定。[结果]经过RT-PCR扩增,获得了PRV和TGEV阳性目的片段;应用MA-104细胞与PK-15细胞分别进行PRV与TGEV的分离培养后,可见典型的细胞病变,经过RT-PCR进一步鉴定最终确诊为PRV和TEGV混合感染。[结论]通过采用紧急接种和保守治疗等综合防治措施,获得了较好的防控效果。  相似文献   

19.
猪传染性胃肠炎病毒纯化方法的选择与优化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用超速离心、饱和硫酸铵、聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)对猪传染性胃肠炎细胞毒进行纯化,收集纯化病毒测定蛋白含量,分别运用PCR方法和作为ELISA包被抗原方法对纯化的效果进行检测,并对最佳纯化方法进行优化。3种纯化方法获得的蛋白浓度分别为1.875、6.435、0.763 mg/mL。PCR检测结果显示PEG-6000纯化后在上清液中未检出病毒,其余2种上清中均检出病毒。3种纯化方法制备的包被抗原ELISA试验阴阳性比值(P/N)分别为2.21、1.27、2.25,最终选择PEG-6000作为纯化病毒的方法,其最佳优化参数为PEG-6000浓度8%、浓缩时间2 h、NaCl浓度1%。研究表明利用PEG-6000纯化TGEV是一种经济实用、操作简单、并有较高纯化效率的方法,纯化后的TGEV为后续建立特异、敏感、快速的ELISA检测方法奠定了良好基础。  相似文献   

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