共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
危害柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、栗蚕(Dictyoploca japonica)等野蚕的寄生蝇种类较多,准确鉴定其种类是害虫防治的基础。对采集自不同年份(2007年和2016年)、不同地理区域(辽宁、吉林和河南)寄生柞蚕和栗蚕的50份寄生蝇蛹样品的DNA条形编码进行了研究。来自辽宁6个地区和吉林2个地区的38份柞蚕寄生蝇样品属于柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibialis),它们的DNA条形编码序列的碱基一致性达100%,表明辽宁和吉林的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇均来源于一个扩散点,而且扩散历史极短。来自河南的柞蚕寄生蝇样品HN6的DNA条形编码序列与家蚕追寄蝇(Exorista sorbillans)的序列一致性达到96%,属于家蚕追寄蝇;而另外的5份样品HN1~5的序列一致性为100%,推测属于蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa zebina)。来自辽宁的寄生栗蚕的6份寄生蝇样品DJY1~6的DNA条形编码序列完全一致,但其分类学地位有待于进一步确认。有趣的是,来自河南同一个柞蚕茧内的寄生蝇样品HN3~5和HN6分属于2种寄生蝇。上述结果表明,利用DNA条形编码技术进行危害野蚕的寄生蝇种类鉴定和种群发生监测是可行的。 相似文献
2.
利用RAPD技术对不同地区及不同季节发生危害的柞蚕寄生蝇进行了遗传多态性研究。选取11个随机引物对14份供试材料的基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出140条稳定条带,其中128(91.43%)条为多态性条带,表明柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibialis)、秋柞蚕寄生蝇(未命名)及栗蚕寄生蝇(未命名)间具有丰富的多态性。各材料间的遗传距离在0.0214~0.5143之间,利用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,14份供试材料可聚为两大类:栗蚕(Dic-tyoplocajaponica)寄生蝇与寄生柞蚕的寄生蝇各聚为一类,其中来自河南省的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇自成一类,来自东北地区的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇与秋柞蚕寄生蝇又各自聚为一类。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
昆虫通过降低靶标酶敏感性及增强对杀虫剂的代谢能力产生抗药性。蝇毒磷是防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibia-lis Chao)的常用有机磷杀虫剂,为探讨柞蚕饰腹寄蝇不同地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗药性分化程度,分析来自辽宁省瓦房店市、凤城市、庄河市、开原市和西丰县的5个柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)、细胞色素P450(CYP450)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)4种酶的活性及蝇毒磷对这些酶活性的体外抑制率。结果表明:来自瓦房店市和凤城市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群的AChE比活力及蝇毒磷对酶活性的体外抑制率均显著高于其它3个地理种群;瓦房店市地理种群的GST比活力显著高于其它4个地理种群,蝇毒磷对酶活性的体外抑制率显著高于除庄河市地理种群外的其它3个地理种群;庄河市地理种群的CYP450比活力显著高于来自瓦房店市、凤城市和西丰县的3个地理种群,但与开原市地理种群相比差异不显著,蝇毒磷对瓦房店市地理种群的CYP450活性的体外抑制率显著高于其它4个地理种群;瓦房店市与凤城市地理种群的CarE比活力均显著高于来自庄河市、开原市和西丰县的3个地理种群;蝇毒磷对瓦房店市和凤城市地理种群的CarE活性的体外抑制率显著高于庄河市地理种群,对其它地理种群间的CarE活性的体外抑制率差异不显著。根据以上检测结果,推测来自庄河市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗性相对较强,而来自瓦房店市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗性相对较弱。 相似文献
6.
利用DNA条形编码探讨柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的分类学地位 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibialis Chao)是柞蚕的主要寄生性害虫之一。测定了柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的线粒体细胞色素酶C亚基I(COI)基因5′端的部分片段(657bp,GenBank登录号EU433559),并利用该DNA条形编码探讨了其分类学地位。将GenBank数据库登载的寄蝇科11个属的15个代表种的序列组成数据集,基于Kimura-2-Parameter计算了序列间的遗传距离,采用邻近距离法(Neighbour-Joining)构建了系统树。Blast检索表明这段序列可以作为DNA条形编码用于柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的鉴定。柞蚕饰腹寄蝇与饰腹寄蝇属内5个种间的平均遗传距离(0.122)是饰腹寄蝇属内种间平均遗传距离(0.063)的2倍,而11个形态学属间的平均遗传距离(0.122)则与柞蚕饰腹寄蝇和这11个形态学属之间的平均遗传距离(0.124)基本一致;柞蚕饰腹寄蝇在构建的NJ树中也没有与饰腹寄蝇属的种类聚在一起。基于上述结果,建议将柞蚕饰腹寄蝇从饰腹寄蝇属划分出来,单独作为一个新的属。 相似文献
7.
家蚕追寄蝇(Exorista sorbillans)为双翅目、寄蝇科、追寄蝇属昆虫,寄生家蚕后引起多化性蚕蛆病。研究家蚕追寄蝇的系统进化关系,有助于探讨其寄生机制。采用PCR技术扩增了家蚕追寄蝇的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)片段,序列分析结果表明:克隆的mtDNA片段大小约1.5 kb,包括完整细胞色素b基因(cyto b)及其侧翼tRNA-Leu基因序列,序列结构与其它21个昆虫物种的同源片段序列结构基本一致,说明线粒体DNA基因排列和基因结构的保守性;家蚕追寄蝇mtDNA的Cyto b蛋白和tRNA-Leu基因的二级结构符合功能大分子的空间结构特征,维持一定的保守进化;双翅目昆虫不同蝇类mtDNA中的cyto b基因、tRNA-Leu基因序列的同源性高,可保证构建蝇类系统发生树的准确性。基于包括家蚕追寄蝇在内的12个双翅目昆虫、5个鳞翅目昆虫、4个鞘翅目昆虫、1个直翅目昆虫的mtDNA cyto b基因编码氨基酸序列的进化分析表明:双翅目中蝇类的进化次序依次为狂蝇科、果蝇科、寄蝇科、蝇科、丽蝇科,寄蝇科与蝇科和果蝇科之间的进化距离较近;鳞翅目处于种系发生树分叉的起点,起源最早,双翅目处于种系发生树分叉的最末端,起源最晚。 相似文献
8.
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Crossocosmia tibialis Chao)在柞蚕体内的寄生过程,只有过零星观察,缺乏系统研究,因而在不少问题上,看法颇为悬殊,有继续进行研究的必要。 过去一般见解都认为一、二龄柞蚕不能被寄蝇寄生,其原因有两说:一说以为幼龄柞蚕口器太小,蝇卵通过口器时将被嚼碎,所以不能寄生;另一说则以为蝇卵必须刚刚被口 相似文献
9.
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇危害天蚕的初步观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇危害天蚕的初步观察王东风，赵淑英（黑龙江省蚕业研究所）天蚕是我国珍贵的野生绢丝昆虫。我所在黑龙江省镜泊湖饲养天蚕时发现柞蚕饰腹寄蝇（Ｂｌｅｐｈａｒｉｐａｔｉｂｉａｌｉｓｃｈａｏ）对天蚕寄生性很强，危害严重，具有强大的种群数量，且寄生在天蚕... 相似文献
10.
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇也叫柞蚕寄生蝇,蚕民称蛆蛟、蚕蛆,属双翅目寄蝇科。近年柞蚕饰腹寄蝇在辽宁春柞蚕放养中发生较重,多时可寄生70%～90%,严重的影响了春种茧的质量和数量,给农民造成严重的经济损失。所以掌握蚕寄蝇的防治方法尤为重要。1用灭蚕蝇3号浸蚕杀蛆1.1看蚕寄生情况1.1.1在 相似文献
11.
草原毛虫蛹期寄生天敌种类初步观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采集青海省１２个县区的草原毛虫蛹，在实验室内初步观察结果，草原毛虫蛹期寄生天敌中有致病微生物２种，寄生天敌昆虫７种，其中以草原毛虫金小峰（ＰｔｅｒｏｍａｌｕｓｑｕｉｎｇｈａｉｅｎｓｉｓＬｉａｏ）和多刺孔寄蝇（ＳｐｏｇｇｏｓｉａｅｃｈｉｎｕｒａＲｏｂ．－ｄｅｓ．）为优势种，古毒蛾追寄蝇（ＥｘｏｒｉｓｔａｌａｒｖａｒｕｍＬｉｎ）为青海追寄蝇属一新记录。 相似文献
12.
利用DNA条形编码探讨云南野柞蚕的分类学地位 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
2001年在云南曲靖发现的野生柞蚕(云南野柞蚕,A.pernyiwild)拥有一些与放养型柞蚕(A.pernyi)不同的特性。测定了云南野柞蚕线粒体细胞色素酶C亚基I基因5′端的部分片段(658 bp,GenBank:EU532613),并利用该DNA条形编码探讨其分类学地位。基于Kimura-2-Parameter计算的4个放养型柞蚕品种之间的平均遗传距离仅0.003,而云南野柞蚕与放养型柞蚕之间的遗传距离为0.016,小于已确定分类学地位的放养型柞蚕与印度野蚕(A.rolyii)之间的遗传距离(0.028),但与家蚕(B.mori)同其祖先中国野桑蚕(B.mandarinaChina)之间的遗传距离相近(0.015)。NJ树中云南野柞蚕与放养型柞蚕也最先聚在一起,从分子水平证实其仍属于柞蚕种。初步认为,云南野柞蚕可以考虑成为柞蚕种的一个亚种——野柞蚕亚种。 相似文献
13.
14.
House flies (Musca domestica) and little house flies (Fannia canicularis) were examined for their ability to take up and harbor a velogenic strain of exotic Newcastle disease virus (ENDV) (family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus). Laboratory-reared flies were allowed to feed on evaporated milk containing ENDV at a virus concentration of 10(8.3) egg infectious dose (EID)50/0.1 ml or on poultry feces containing an ENDV titer of 10(5.8) EID50/0.1 g. Flies exposed to either infectious food source for 24 hr became transiently infected with virus. Virus persisted predominantly in the mid- and hindgut, with relatively little virus isolated from the remainder of the fly body. Virus persisted similarly in both fly species that were fed evaporated milk containing ENDV, with a maximum ENDV titer of 10(5.98) EID50/fly for the house fly and 10(4.78) EID50/fly for the little house fly at 1 day postexposure; titers decreased on subsequent days to 10(2.38) EID50/fly for house fly and > or = 1 EID50/fly for little house fly at 5 days postexposure. Both fly species acquired viral titers greater than the infective dose for a susceptible chicken (10(3.0) EID50-10(4.0) EID50). In addition, flies fed evaporated milk containing a high titer of ENDV maintained viral titers above the infective dose for up to 4 days postexposure to the infectious food source. Flies fed on infective feces retained a chicken infective dose for only one day. The decrease in viral titer over time was significantly explained by logistic regression for both fly species (P < 0.05). The slope of the regression line was not different for the two fly species (P < 0.05), indicating a similar rate of virus loss. 相似文献
15.
The sheep ked, Melophagus ovinus, and the forest fly, Hippobosca equina, are parasitic dipteran insects of veterinary importance. As hematophagous insects, they might be considered as potential vectors of diseases which may be transmissible to humans and animals. The purpose of this study was to present initial primary data about these two species in Algeria. To do so, we conducted a molecular survey to detect the presence of bacterial DNA in flies collected in Algeria. A total of 712 flies including, 683 Melophagus ovinus and 29 Hippobosca equina were collected from two regions in northeastern Algeria. Monitoring the monthly kinetics of M. ovinus infestations showed something resembling annual activity, with a high prevalence in January (21.67%) and May (20.94%).Real-time quantitative PCR assays showed that for 311 tested flies, 126 were positive for the Bartonella spp. rRNA intergenic spacer gene and 77 were positive for Anaplasmataceae. A random selection of positive samples was submitted for sequencing. The DNA of Bartonella chomelii and Bartonella melophagi were amplified in, respectively, five and four H. equina. 25 M. ovinus positive samples were infected by Bartonella melophagi. Amplification and sequencing of the Anaplasma spp. 23S rRNA gene revealed that both species were infected by Wolbachia sp. which had previously been detected in Cimex lectularius bed bugs.Overall, this study expanded knowledge about bacteria present in parasitic flies of domestic animals in Algeria. 相似文献
16.
E M Nevill 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1985,52(4):261-267
A total of 20 375 flies collected off cattle on 12 farms over 36 months were identified and examined for 3rd stage P. bovicola. The 3 vector species accounted for 64.1% of the flies collected and were the only fly species found to be infected. Musca lusoria was clearly the dominant vector fly, although large numbers of Musca sp. A appeared regularly between February and April each year. This phenomenon, coupled with high numbers of M. lusoria throughout most of the year, led to an increase in the numbers of vector flies from their lowest level in June to a peak in February-April. Of the 13 070 vector flies examined for 3rd stage larvae only 64 (0.52%) were positive; of these 41 were M. lusoria and 17 Musca sp. A. No positive male flies were found. Incubation of wild-caught flies for up to 13 days at 27 degrees C noticeably increased the larval recovery rate. Flies were found to be infected mainly from August-March. Infected M. lusoria were recorded from July-March and infected Musca sp. A from January-May. Only 6 infected M. xanthomelas were collected and this was during the period August-December, when most ovipositional blood spots occur on cattle. It is concluded that P. bovicola transmission in the Bushveld is not correlated with peak periods of bleeding but rather with high numbers of vector flies, the various species augmenting each other so that transmission may take place almost throughout the year. 相似文献