共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Increased activities of glycogenolytic enzymes in liver after splanchnic-nerve stimulation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve of rabbits caused a marked increase, within 30 seconds after the onset of stimulation, in liver-glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities. The increased activity of liver phosphorylase after splanchnic-nerve stimulation was likewise observed in adrenalectomized and pancreatectomized rabbits. Glycogen content of the liver decreased only slightly after 5-minute stimulation. 相似文献
2.
以红花大金元和K326烤烟品种的中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中及不同烘烤环境下淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律。结果表明:烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别在烘烤的36和72h;在鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至24h达第1次高峰,之后降低,48h时出现低谷,随后又于72h达第2次高峰。在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤环境,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,有利于烟叶淀粉的降解。 相似文献
3.
Injection of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid into spayed rats or its use in phosphorylase extraction increases the activity of glycogen-phosphorylase a in uterine smooth muscle tissue. Since the total phosphorylase activity is not increased, the increase in phosphorylase a appears to result from a conversion of inactive phosphorylase b to the active form of the enzyme. 相似文献
4.
M H Makman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,170(965):1421-1423
Chang's liver cells and 3T6 mouse embryo fibroblasts contain high amounts of catecholamine-sensitive adenyl cyclase, whereas HeLa cells contain relatively low amounts of activity. Both epinephrine and fluoride ion stimulate activity of each cell line. In contrast to normal liver, Chang's liver cells show greater response to epinephrine and no detectable stimulation by glucagon. 相似文献
5.
不同烘烤条件下烟叶淀粉降解酶活性变化 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以烤烟品种红花大金元和K32 6的中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化及烘烤条件对淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的影响。结果表明:烘烤过程中,烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别处于烘烤的变黄中期和定色前期;鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至2 4h达第1次高峰,之后降低,4 8h时出现低谷,随后红花大金元于6 0h达第2次高峰,而K32 6于72h达第2次高峰。在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤条件,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,有利于烟叶淀粉的降解。 相似文献
6.
周复根 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,11(3):295-298
用含有糖原的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶亲和电泳技术,显示悬浮培养的Syca—more(Acer pseudoplatanus L.)细胞淀粉体含有亲和力低的磷酸化酶类型(质粒类型)。蛋白质印迹法试验表明,这种磷酸化酶与马铃薯磷酸化酶的抗体发生交叉反应。这与前人报道的菠菜叶绿体和马铃薯的磷酸化酶相似,属于同一类型的磷酸化酶。 相似文献
7.
烘烤对烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以红花大金元和K326烤烟品种中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化及不同烘烤环境下淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律.结果表明,烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别在烘烤的36 h和72 h;在鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至24h达第1次高峰,之后降低,48 h时出现低谷,随后又于72 h达第2次高峰.在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤环境,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高.有利于烟叶淀粉的降解. 相似文献
8.
半晾半烤对上部烟叶淀粉降解和相关酶活性及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王文超 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,38(2):131-134
以烤烟品种中烟100和云烟87的上部叶为材料,研究不同晾黄时间(48、60、72 h)对烟叶烘烤过程中淀粉降解及淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的影响。结果表明:与对照(常规烘烤)相比,晾制处理的烟叶在烘烤过程中淀粉酶活性提前12 h达到第1次高峰,适当延长了淀粉酶的有效活性时间;与对照相比,烘烤前期淀粉磷酸化酶活性有所降低,在烘烤后期下降不明显,其中,晾黄60 h后烘烤烟叶的淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性、淀粉降解量均较高,烤后烟叶淀粉含量较低,水溶性总糖、还原糖含量较高,各种化学成分较为协调,上部烟叶的可用性较高。 相似文献
9.
Histochemical phosphorylase activity in regenerating muscle fibers from myophosphorylase-deficient patients 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Fresh frozen sections of mature skeletal muscle fibers from patients with genetically determined "absence" of skeletal muscle phosphorylase (McArdle's disease) have no histochemical phosphorylase activity. That regenerating muscle fibers, in vitro and in vivo, from such patients do have histochemical phosphorylase activity present suggests a loss of enzyme activity with fiber maturity. 相似文献
10.
The histochemical reaction for phosphorylase is completely lost from anterior horn neurons rich in phosphorylase within 72 hours after proximal or distal axonal section. Using this new type of axonal reaction as a marking technique in the anterior horn of the seventh lumbar spinal cord segment of the cat, we demonstrated that (i) alpha motor neurons of slow twitch motor units, like those of fast twitch motor units, are rich in phosphorylase and poor in succinate dehydrogenase, and (ii) interneurons and Renshaw neurons are rich in succinate dehydrogenase and poor in phosphorylase. Gamma motor neurons, because of their small size, are considered to be rich in succinate dehydrogenase and poor in phosphorylase. Thus, anterior horn neurons capable of higher firing frequencies (Renshaw neurons, interneurons, and gamma motor neurons) are richer in mitochondrial oxidative enzyme activity as marked by succinate dehydrogenase. Those firing at lower frequencies (both types of alpha motor neurons) are richer in phosphorylase activity and glycogen content and, thus, apparently better equipped for anaerobic glycolysis. 相似文献
11.
Kir S Beddow SA Samuel VT Miller P Previs SF Suino-Powell K Xu HE Shulman GI Kliewer SA Mangelsdorf DJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6024):1621-1624
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 is an enterokine synthesized and released when bile acids are taken up into the ileum. We show that FGF19 stimulates hepatic protein and glycogen synthesis but does not induce lipogenesis. The effects of FGF19 are independent of the activity of either insulin or the protein kinase Akt and, instead, are mediated through a mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway that activates components of the protein translation machinery and stimulates glycogen synthase activity. Mice lacking FGF15 (the mouse FGF19 ortholog) fail to properly maintain blood concentrations of glucose and normal postprandial amounts of liver glycogen. FGF19 treatment restored the loss of glycogen in diabetic animals lacking insulin. Thus, FGF19 activates a physiologically important, insulin-independent endocrine pathway that regulates hepatic protein and glycogen metabolism. 相似文献
12.
Adenosine monophosphate is required for the activation of glycogen phosphorylase b and for release of the inhibition of phosphorylase a by glucose. Two molecules of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) bind to symmetry related sites at the subunit interface of the phosphorylase dimer. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binds to the same site, but does not promote catalytic activity. The structure of glucose-inhibited phosphorylase a bound to AMP and also of the complex formed with glucose and ATP is described. Crystallographic refinement of these complexes reveals that structural changes are associated with AMP but not ATP binding. The origin of these effects can be traced to different effector binding modes exhibited by AMP and ATP, respectively. The conformational changes associated with AMP binding traverse multiple paths in the enzyme and link the effector and catalytic sites. 相似文献
13.
A third set of phosphorylase a and b isozymes, distinguishable kinetically and immunologically from liver and muscle forms, is present in various rat hepatomas, and is also present, together with the adult liver form, in fetal rat liver. This is one of several striking examples of suppression of isozymes of adult liver coupled with the appearance of fetal isozymes in hepatomas. 相似文献
14.
B F Deys K H Grzeschick A Grzeschick E R Jaffé M Siniscalco 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,175(25):1002-1003
The fibroblasts derived from the skin of a woman heterozygous for an X-linked deficiency of phosphoglycerate kinase represented a mosaic. Two of 22 clones with normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and hypoxanthine(guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase activity had no phosphoglycerate kinase activity detected by electrophoresis. Because the loci for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogeniase and hypoxanthine(guanine)phosphoribosyltransferase are already known to undergo inactivation and to be on the short arm of the X chromosome and the locus for phosphoglycerate kinase is on the long arm, these observations support the conclusion that the entire human X chromosome can be involved in X inactivation. 相似文献
15.
[目的]研究萱草花对急性肝损伤的保护作用.[方法]将54只小鼠完全随机分为6组,随机定义为空白对照组,阳性药物组及萱草花高、中、低预防组;采用微量酶标法测定谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶的含量;用肝脏右叶匀浆后试剂盒检测SOD活性和MDA含量;数据统计处理采用单因素方差分析.[结果]与正常组比较,模型组血清GOT、GPT和肝脏MDA含量较对照组明显升高,肝脏SOD活力较对照组降低;与模型组比较,中药预防给药组和高、中剂量萱草花预防给药组中血清GOT、GPT和肝脏MDA含量较对照组明显降低,肝脏SOD活力较对照组升高;模型组小鼠肝脏出现退行性病变和肝细胞坏死,中药预防组和萱草花预防组均有不同程度的改善.[结论]试验成功复制了小鼠急性肝损伤模型,护肝片和萱草花提取物预防给药对小鼠四氯化碳引起的急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用. 相似文献
16.
以白玉菇精多糖(RPHM)为试验材料,建立环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠模型,测定相关抗氧化指标,探究RPHM对小鼠肝脏、肾脏免疫活性作用的影响。将60只小鼠随机分为空白组、阳性对照组、模型组以及RPHM高、中、低不同剂量组,通过检测各组肝脏和肾脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和丙二醛(MDA)含量5项抗氧化指标,考察肝脏、肾脏功能免疫特性的变化。结果表明,与模型对照组相比,RPHM可以显著提高肝脏和肾脏的SOD活性、GSH-Px活性、CAT活性和GSH含量(P0.01),降低肝脏和肾脏的MDA含量(P0.01)。RPHM能提高免疫低下型小鼠的肝脏免疫能力,改善小鼠肾脏的免疫调节能力。 相似文献
17.
18.
Cho H Mu J Kim JK Thorvaldsen JL Chu Q Crenshaw EB Kaestner KH Bartolomei MS Shulman GI Birnbaum MJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,292(5522):1728-1731
Glucose homeostasis depends on insulin responsiveness in target tissues, most importantly, muscle and liver. The critical initial steps in insulin action include phosphorylation of scaffolding proteins and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. These early events lead to activation of the serine-threonine protein kinase Akt, also known as protein kinase B. We show that mice deficient in Akt2 are impaired in the ability of insulin to lower blood glucose because of defects in the action of the hormone on liver and skeletal muscle. These data establish Akt2 as an essential gene in the maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis. 相似文献
19.
[目的]研究微胚乳玉米非胚部位在籽粒发育过程中淀粉磷酸化酶活的变化规律。[方法]以高油115玉米作为对照,对微胚乳玉米非胚部位中淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律进行测定。[结果]微胚乳玉米非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性在授粉后21—28d达到峰值,其峰值极显著高于对照玉米高油115。不同微胚乳玉米材料间非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性峰值存在极显著差异。简单相关分析表明,在玉米籽粒发育期间,玉米非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性平均值或最大值均与单粒淀粉重呈极显著负相关关系。[结论]在微胚乳玉米非胚部位,较高的淀粉磷酸化酶活性水平使其淀粉降解迅速,最终导致其收获时积累的淀粉含量极显著低于高油115。 相似文献
20.
Human diabetes associated with a deletion of the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
M Taira M Taira N Hashimoto F Shimada Y Suzuki A Kanatsuka F Nakamura Y Ebina M Tatibana H Makino 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,245(4913):63-66
The insulin receptor has an intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity that is essential for signal transduction. A mutant insulin receptor gene lacking almost the entire kinase domain has been identified in an individual with type A insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans. Insulin binding to the erythrocytes or cultured fibroblasts from this individual was normal. However receptor autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity toward an exogenous substrate were reduced in partially purified insulin receptors from the proband's lymphocytes that had been transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. The insulin resistance associated with this mutated gene was inherited by the proband from her mother as an apparently autosomal dominant trait. Thus a deletion in one allele of the insulin receptor gene may be at least partly responsible for some instances of insulin-resistant diabetes. 相似文献