共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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1品种选择
经多年试验示范,宁夏海原县早春茬黄瓜栽培中,能够高产、稳产的黄瓜品种有：津杂2号、密刺系列、津春3号、津优3号等。 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫下苯丙烯酸对黄瓜幼苗根际土壤微生物及产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验以耐盐的津绿5号和盐敏感的津优1号黄瓜品种为试材,以NaCl(585 mg kg-1)为盐胁迫条件,研究了盐胁迫下不同浓度的苯丙烯酸(0、25、50、200 mg kg-1)对黄瓜幼苗根际土壤微生物及产量的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫处理降低了黄瓜幼苗土壤根际细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,而对镰孢菌数量有促进作用,并降低了黄瓜产量。低浓度的苯丙烯酸对黄瓜幼苗土壤根际细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量具有促进作用,对镰孢菌有抑制作用,对盐胁迫有一定的缓解作用,并对黄瓜产量具有促进作用;高浓度苯丙烯酸(200 mg kg-1)则相反,进一步加重了盐害的胁迫程度,抑制了黄瓜产量。盐胁迫对细菌、真菌、放线菌和镰孢菌数量的影响强度大于苯丙烯酸,而苯丙烯酸对细菌群落DGGE条带数和黄瓜产量的影响强度大于盐分胁迫。 相似文献
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1优良品种
以一大茬黄瓜与生姜轮种为例。黄瓜选择山东密刺、津优2号、丰抗等日光温室专用品种,生姜选用山东莱芜片姜。 相似文献
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采用营养液水培,研究了盐胁迫下外源亚精胺(Spd)对抗盐能力不同的2个黄瓜品种幼苗叶片和根系内活性氧(ROS)水平和抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明,外源Spd降低了50 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下幼苗体内O-.2产生速率、H2O2和丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高了抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT的活性;与抗盐性较强的"长春密刺"品种相比,Spd处理对抗盐性较弱的"津春二号"品种效果更明显.表明外源Spd处理通过促进盐胁迫下植株体内抗氧化酶活性的提高,降低ROS水平,从而缓解NaCl对黄瓜幼苗的盐伤害. 相似文献
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为进一步探讨黄瓜耐弱光性的特性,对戴多星和津研2号2个黄瓜品种进行弱光胁迫处理(光照强度75~100μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)),以600μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)光照强度为对照,研究弱光胁迫下其生理生化指标、光合活性、荧光特性、Rubisco活性、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及基因表达的变化。结果表明,弱光处理后,黄瓜气孔发育受到抑制,气孔开张度、气孔密度和气孔指数均有所降低,且津研2号表现更为明显,所有指标均降低20%以上。黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量、植株净光合速率(Pn),气孔导度(Gs),PSⅡ实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ),Rubisco活力、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及基因表达均明显降低,其中津研2号所有指标均下降30%以上。与津研2号相比,戴多星的色素含量较高,光能捕获和利用能力较强,分配于光合作用的量子产量较高,Rubisco活性、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及大小亚基基因表达较高,因而Pn相对降低较少(30.9%,津研2号下降54.5%),表现出较强的耐弱光性。本研究结果为黄瓜耐弱光机理的深入研究及耐弱光黄瓜品种的选育栽培提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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为了筛选黄瓜的耐盐砧木,采用营养液栽培,分别以前期试验筛选的耐盐性较强的中国南瓜360-3×112-2杂交种和黑籽南瓜为砧木,以黄瓜品种津春2号为接穗,研究了成株期不同砧木嫁接黄瓜在80mmol.L-1 NaCl胁迫和没有NaCl胁迫下的产量与品质指标。结果表明:没有NaCl胁迫时,以360-3×112-2杂交种为砧木的嫁接黄瓜在产量指标上与以黑籽南瓜为砧木的嫁接黄瓜相当,在果实感官品质和营养品质上则优于以黑籽南瓜为砧木的嫁接黄瓜果实。NaCl胁迫时对嫁接黄瓜的产量和果实品质影响较大,单果重和单株产量降低,果实畸形率升高,风味变差,果实维生素C、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和果实含水量减少,而纤维素和可滴定酸含量升高,以360-3×112-2杂交种为砧木的嫁接黄瓜受NaCl胁迫影响较以黑籽南瓜为砧木的嫁接黄瓜要小。因此,中国南瓜"360-3×112-2"杂交种具备黄瓜耐盐砧木品种的优良特性,可作为砧木品种在生产上应用。 相似文献
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采用营养液水培，研究了盐胁迫下外源亚精胺(Spd)对抗盐能力不同的2个黄瓜品种幼苗叶片和根系内活性氧(ROS)水平和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明，外源Spd降低了50 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下幼苗体内O-.2产生速率、H2O2和丙二醛(MDA)含量，提高了抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT的活性；与抗盐性较强的“长春密刺”品种相比，Spd处理对抗盐性较弱的“津春二号”品种效果更明显。表明外源Spd处理通过促进盐胁迫下植株体内抗氧化酶活性的提高，降低ROS水平，从而缓解NaCl对黄瓜幼苗的盐伤害。 相似文献
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黄瓜砧木对南方根结线虫生长发育的影响及其与根系分泌物的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄瓜是设施主栽蔬菜,长期连作导致根结线虫病发生和危害加重;嫁接是提高黄瓜对根结线虫抗性的有效手段,但不同砧木品种间存在差异。为探明嫁接提高黄瓜抗根结线虫能力的机制,试验选用不同抗性的砧木品种‘云南黑籽南瓜’(低感)和‘甜砧南瓜’(高感),以‘新泰密刺’自根黄瓜为对照,采用人工接种,研究了黄瓜砧木对南方根结线虫生长和繁殖的影响,并探讨了根系分泌物与线虫卵孵化的关系。结果表明:线虫侵染初期,3个品种根内的二龄幼虫(J2)数差异显著,‘云南黑籽南瓜’最少,‘甜砧南瓜’次之,‘新泰密刺’最多;侵入根内的J2均能正常发育为成虫,根内线虫总数以‘云南黑籽南瓜’最少,‘新泰密刺’最多;根际J2数量以‘新泰密刺’最多,‘云南黑籽南瓜’最少;发生二次侵染前,根际卵粒数呈现出相同的特点。黄瓜及其砧木根系分泌物明显影响根结线虫卵的孵化,孵化率以‘云南黑籽南瓜’最低,‘甜砧南瓜’次之,‘新泰密刺’最高;接种根结线虫后,根系分泌物影响下的卵孵化率较未接种时明显增加,‘新泰密刺’增幅最大,‘云南黑籽南瓜’增幅最小;随着生育时间延长,三者根系分泌物对卵孵化的促进作用逐渐增强。低感砧木根系分泌物对南方根结线虫卵孵化具有明显的抑制作用,可显著降低线虫在其根内及根际的发育,可能是抗线虫的机制之一。 相似文献
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干旱区棉花冠层高光谱反射特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为揭示棉花冠层高光谱特征,建立棉花高光谱估算模型,促进高光谱技术在棉花长势监测和估产中的应用。基于新疆棉花生长发育规律,对棉花各生育期冠层进行高光谱反射率的测定,研究不同灌水量、氮素营养条件及品种对棉花冠层光谱反射特性的影响。结果表明:在可见光区(400-700nm),适度缺氮(N1)条件下的棉花冠层光谱反射率相对较高,而氮过量(N3)条件下的冠层光谱反射率相对较低;随着灌水量的增加,在近红外波段(700-800nm),棉花冠层光谱反射率呈上升趋势,在盛蕾期和盛花期不同灌水量处理的光谱反射率差异明显;不同棉花品种冠层光谱反射率存在一定差异,在近红外区新陆早13与新陆早10只在吐絮后期光谱反射率差异不明显,在前3个生育期差异较明显。 相似文献
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白籽南瓜嫁接对不同盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗氮代谢和蛋白表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用营养液栽培,以白籽南瓜（Cucurbita maximaCucurbita moschata）为砧木,津优3号黄瓜为接穗,研究了白籽南瓜嫁接对等渗Ca(NO3)2和NaCl胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长、氮代谢、渗透调节物质和蛋白表达的影响。结果表明:白籽南瓜嫁接黄瓜可明显促进Ca(NO3)2和NaCl胁迫下黄瓜嫁接苗生长,提高叶片和根系中硝酸还原酶（NR）活性及NO3--N、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量,抑制NH4+-N升高;叶片中可溶性蛋白表达量增强,其相对分子质量（103）分别约为188.4、156.1、120.4、54.0、37.3、32.1、30.6、18.9、17.8和17.1,并出现相对分子质量为64.3103的一种新蛋白,而81.0103的蛋白表达量减弱,这12种蛋白可能与白籽南瓜嫁接提高黄瓜耐盐性密切相关。研究还发现:NaCl胁迫下黄瓜自根嫁接和砧木嫁接植株叶片中相对分子质量（103）约为86.1、23.4、18.9和17.8的蛋白表达量大于等渗的Ca(NO3)2,相对分子质量（103）约为188.4、156.1、54.0和17.1 的蛋白表达量小于等渗的Ca(NO3)2;NaCl胁迫9 d后39.1103、35.4103和21.2103三种蛋白在自根嫁接株中消失,这11种蛋白可能与白籽南瓜嫁接株耐Ca(NO3)2胁迫能力强有关。综上,Ca(NO3)2胁迫对黄瓜幼苗造成的伤害程度显著低于等渗的NaCl 胁迫,白籽南瓜砧木嫁接可调节黄瓜植株体内氮素代谢,提高渗调能力,有效地缓解Ca(NO3)2和NaCl胁迫对黄瓜植株的伤害,尤其对Ca(NO3)2胁迫伤害的缓解效果明显,可以作为黄瓜耐盐砧木在生产上应用。 相似文献
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《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):895-902
Abstract To assess whether grafting raised the salt tolerance of cucumber seedlings by limiting transport of Na+ to the leaf and to test whether the salt tolerance of grafted plants was affected by the shoot genotype, two cucumber cultivars (“Jinchun No. 2”, a relatively salt-sensitive cultivar, and “Zaoduojia”, a relative salt-tolerant cultivar) were grafted onto rootstock pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. cv. “Chaojiquanwang”, a salt-tolerant cultivar). Ungrafted plants were used as controls. The effects of grafting on plant growth and ion concentrations were investigated under NaCl stress. Reductions in the shoot and root dry weights, leaf area and stem diameter of grafted plants were lower and concentrations of K+ and Cl? in the leaves were higher than those of ungrafted plants under the same NaCl stress. The Na+ concentration and Na+/K+ ratio in scion leaves and in the stems of grafted plants were lower, whereas those in rootstock stems and roots were higher than in ungrafted plants under the same NaCl stress. Shoot and root dry weight, leaf area and stem diameter were negatively correlated with leaf Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ ratio, but were positively correlated with leaf K+ concentrations. The Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ ratio were lower, whereas the K+ concentrations in the leaves of grafted “Zaoduojia” plants were higher than those in grafted “Jinchun No. 2” plants under the same NaCl stress. The reductions in leaf area and stem diameter of grafted “Jinchun No. 2” plants were more severe than those of grafted “Zaoduojia” plants. These results indicate that: (1) the higher salt tolerance of grafted cucumber seedlings is associated with lower Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ ratio and higher K+ concentrations in the leaves, (2) grafting improved the salt tolerance of cucumber seedlings by limiting the transport of Na+ to the leaves, (3) the salt tolerance of grafted cucumber seedlings is related to the shoot genotype. 相似文献
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采用营养液栽培,研究了以中国南瓜“360-3×112-2”杂交种和黑籽南瓜为砧木,以“津春2号”为接穗的2种嫁接黄瓜和“津春2号”自根黄瓜成株期在 80 mmol/L NaCl 胁迫12 d 后的生长状况和光合能力,以及试验期间叶片氮素代谢及其关键酶活性的动态变化。结果表明,NaCl 胁迫12 d 后以中国南瓜“360-3×112-2”杂交种为砧木嫁接黄瓜植株的主蔓生长速率、第一片功能叶面积、全株鲜重和光合参数均高于自根黄瓜和以黑籽南瓜为砧木的嫁接黄瓜; 且以“360-3×112-2”杂交种为砧木嫁接黄瓜的生长状况好于以黑籽南瓜为砧木的嫁接黄瓜。NaCl 胁迫处理植株叶片中硝态氮、铵态氮含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶(Gs)活性和可溶性蛋白含量比对照先高后低; 而硝酸还原酶(NR)活性先低后回升,但仍低于对照,说明NaCl 胁迫下,黄瓜叶片氮素代谢能力的降低。不同处理氮素代谢能力的差异其原因在于根系吸收氮源的能力差异。NaCl 胁迫对以“360-3×112-2”杂交种为砧木的黄瓜植株生长抑制较小,氮素代谢能力下降较少,表现出较强的耐盐性,可以作为一个黄瓜耐盐砧木在生产上使用。 相似文献
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Physiological and growth responses of two different salt-sensitive cucumber cultivars to NaCl stress
《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):400-407
Abstract The effect of NaCl stress on the growth, membrane permeability, anti-oxidant enzyme activities and ion content of cucumber seedlings was investigated. Two cultivars (Jinchun No. 2, a relatively salt-sensitive cultivar, and Zaoduojia, a relatively salt-tolerant cultivar) of cucumber were used. Shoot and root dry weights, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and leaf number of both cultivars decreased when NaCl concentrations increased. The decreases in shoot and root dry weights and leaf area were more significant in Jinchun No. 2 than in Zaoduojia. Meanwhile, the salt injury index, the membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities of both cultivars increased significantly with salt stress, and the increases in the salt injury index and MDA were higher in Jinchun No. 2 than in Zaoduojia, whereas the increase in POD activity was lower in Jinchun No. 2 than in Zaoduojia. Free proline content of Zaoduojia increased markedly with increasing concentrations of NaCl, whereas the content of Jinchun No. 2 was unaffected by salt stress. In addition, the contents of Na+ in the leaf, stem and root of both cultivars increased significantly, whereas the contents of K+ decreased significantly, resulting in an increase in the Na+/K+ ratio when NaCl concentrations increased. These results suggest that Zaoduojia exhibits a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation by maintaining higher proline content and POD activity than the salt-sensitive Jinchun No. 2 cultivar. 相似文献
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Yuan HUANG Zhilong BIE Zhixiong LIU Ai ZHEN Weijuan WANG 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2009,55(5):698-704
A salt-sensitive cucumber cultivar "Jinchun No. 2" ( Cucumis sativus L.) was used to investigate the role of proline in alleviating salt stress in cucumber. Proline was applied twice (day 0 and day 4 after salt treatment) as a foliar spray, with a volume of 25 mL per plant at each time. Plant dry weight, leaf relative water content, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), Na+ , K+ and Cl− contents, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in the plants were determined at day 8 after salt treatment. The results showed that 100 mmol L–1 NaCl stress significantly decreased plant dry weight, leaf relative water and K+ contents, and increased leaf MDA, Na+ and Cl− contents and SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities. However, leaf proline accumulation was not affected by salinity. The exogenous application of proline significantly alleviated the growth inhibition of plants induced by NaCl, and was accompanied by higher leaf relative water content and POD activity, higher proline and Cl− contents, and lower MDA content and SOD activity. However, there was no significant difference in Na+ and K+ contents or in CAT and APX activities between proline-treated and untreated plants under salt stress. Taken together, these results suggested that the foliar application of proline was an effective way to improve the salt tolerance of cucumber. The enhanced salt tolerance could be partially attributed to the improved water status and peroxidase enzyme activity in the leaf. 相似文献
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《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):698-704
Abstract A salt-sensitive cucumber cultivar “Jinchun No. 2” (Cucumis sativus L.) was used to investigate the role of proline in alleviating salt stress in cucumber. Proline was applied twice (day 0 and day 4 after salt treatment) as a foliar spray, with a volume of 25?mL per plant at each time. Plant dry weight, leaf relative water content, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), Na+, K+ and Cl? contents, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in the plants were determined at day 8 after salt treatment. The results showed that 100?mmol?L–1 NaCl stress significantly decreased plant dry weight, leaf relative water and K+ contents, and increased leaf MDA, Na+ and Cl? contents and SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities. However, leaf proline accumulation was not affected by salinity. The exogenous application of proline significantly alleviated the growth inhibition of plants induced by NaCl, and was accompanied by higher leaf relative water content and POD activity, higher proline and Cl? contents, and lower MDA content and SOD activity. However, there was no significant difference in Na+ and K+ contents or in CAT and APX activities between proline-treated and untreated plants under salt stress. Taken together, these results suggested that the foliar application of proline was an effective way to improve the salt tolerance of cucumber. The enhanced salt tolerance could be partially attributed to the improved water status and peroxidase enzyme activity in the leaf. 相似文献