共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Hoenderken H 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2011,136(11):818-819
2.
Instrumental learning plays an important role in dog–human interactions. The recent demand for pet dog training has resulted in the development of various training methods. The present exploratory study aims to compare the effects of 2 training methods on both the behavioral welfare of the dog and the dog–owner relationship: the first method is based on positive reinforcement (appearance of an appetitive stimulus), whereas the second method is based on negative reinforcement (disappearance of an aversive stimulus). The study compared behaviors linked to signs of stress and attentive behaviors toward the owner in 2 dog training schools, which used different methods. Walking on-leash activity and obeying the “sit” command were studied. The results show that dogs from the school using a negative reinforcement–based method demonstrated lowered body postures and signals of stress, whereas dogs from the school using a positive reinforcement–based method showed increased attentiveness toward their owner. However, neither method affected avoidance behaviors. This exploratory study reveals the differential effects of the 2 training methods on dogs' behaviors; it suggests that training methods based on positive reinforcement are less stressful and potentially better for their welfare. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Justin A. Carlson Sarah A. Achen Ashley B. Saunders Sonya G. Gordon Matthew W. Miller 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2013,15(4):271-276
A 5-year old, 5.8 kg, castrated male Pomeranian was diagnosed with a type IIa patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a minimal ductal diameter of 3.5 mm and ampulla width of 7.1 mm based on angiographic assessment. A 6 mm Amplatz® Canine Duct Occluder (ACDO) was deployed within the PDA. Once deployed, the device assumed it's native shape and back-and-forth maneuvering was performed with the delivery cable to assess device stability. Device position and complete occlusion were confirmed with both angiography and transesophageal echocardiography prior to and after release of the device. The device location was confirmed within the ductus arteriosus by echocardiography prior to discharge. The dog was discharged with instructions for strict activity restriction. Two days after discharge, the dog was left unsupervised in the backyard and shortly afterwards was found coughing with severe respiratory distress. The dog was evaluated at an emergency hospital and thoracic radiographs documented embolization of the ACDO to the main pulmonary artery along with a severe alveolar pattern throughout the right lung fields. Shortly after obtaining thoracic radiographs, the dog experienced cardiopulmonary arrest with unsuccessful resuscitation. This case describes a possible complication of transcatheter PDA occlusion with an ACDO, which has not been previously reported. An incident report, or catalog of adverse events with these devices, may prove useful in identifying additional fatal complications that others may have encountered, but are not reported in the literature. The report of this complication emphasizes the importance of strict activity restriction after device placement in dogs. 相似文献
6.
Kerstin Gerstner Annette Liesegang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(Z2):37-41
While teaching, the Institute of Animal Nutrition of the University of Zurich (IANZ) noticed that veterinary students, veterinarians and pet owners have significant difficulties in reading and understanding pet food labels (PFL). The authors hypothesized that if PFL are easy to read and understand, 90% of those dog owners (n = 43) polled at a dog exhibition are able to answer a questionnaire after reading an exemplary PFL modified from existing products. About 30.2% of the participants were able to compare the protein content of a canned diet versus a dry diet. About 34.9% were able to estimate and compare the carbohydrate content of two dry diets by reading the composition. About 32.6% identified which of the two dry diets was potentially a complete diet by reading the listed ingredients. The results show that a majority of the participants was overwhelmed with the task of reading and understanding the exemplary PFL. An improvement of public education on the basics of product labelling or additional simplified information on the labels might be helpful. 相似文献
7.
8.
Paul D. McGreevy Melissa Starling N.J. Branson Mia L. Cobb Debbie Calnon 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2012,7(2):103-117
This article reviews the literature on the complex and variable nature of the dog–human dyad and describes the influence of terms such as “dominance” on attitudes that humans have toward dogs. It highlights a legacy of tension between ethology and psychology and notes that some practitioners have skills with dogs that elude the best learning theorists. Despite the widespread appeal of being able to communicate with dogs as dogs do with one another, attempting to apply the intraspecific dog ethogram to human–dog and dog–human interactions may have limited scope. The balance of learning theory and ethology on our interactions with dogs is sometimes elusive but should spur the scientific community to examine skills deployed by the most effective humane practitioners. This process will demystify the so-called whispering techniques and permit discourse on the reasons some training and handling techniques are more effective, relevant, and humane than others. This article explores the mismatch between the use of nonverbal communication of 2 species and offers a framework for future studies in this domain. Technologies emerging from equitation science may help to disclose confusing interventions through the collar and lead and thus define effective and humane use of negative reinforcement. The case for a validated intraspecific and interspecific canid ethogram is also made. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
T.J. Murphy 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3)
Extract A 4-year-old Male Bull Terrier was presented with excessive thirst, inappetance of 2-days duration, and rapid weight-loss. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a well-known autoimmune disorder described in dogs and humans. In dogs, DLE is considered the second most common immune-mediated dermatitis and is usually localized to the nasal planum. DLE does not evolve to generalized disease, however lesions may spread to the bridge of the nose and less commonly may extend to periocular region, pinnae, distal limbs, and mucocutaneous junctions (lips, oral cavity, and genital region). A 4-year-old male Bavarian Mountain Scenthound developed a chronic, erosive, cutaneous lesion located exclusively in the perianal region without facial skin involvement. Clinical signs included erythema, depigmentation, severe alopecia, crusting, and ulceration. Histologically, the hallmarks of the changes were an interface dermatitis consisting of plasma cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages, hydropic degeneration of basal cells, few apoptotic cells in the basal layer, pigmentary incontinence, and a focal thickening of the basement membrane, which was characterized by linear deposition of IgG. Despite the unusual localization the lesion was diagnosed as DLE based on the characteristic histologic and immunohistologic features. Following diagnosis, corticosteroid therapy resulted in a complete resolution of perianal lesions. 相似文献