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为了降低人造板释放挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的检测成本,设计并制作了15L小型环境舱,进行中密度纤维板VOC的主要成分及其释放趋势的检测和考察,并与1m3环境舱检测数据进行对比。结果表明:芳香烃、烷烃和烯烃是中纤板的主要挥发性有机化合物,小型环境舱检测TVOC和芳香烃类的质量浓度值略高于大型环境舱,小型环境舱性能符合要求,可用于人造板释放VOC的检测。 相似文献
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采用液体标样注入、采样管先连续后间隔采样、自动热脱附仪(ATD)和气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用分析、数据拟合积分计算等方法和技术,建立了挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)环境测试舱(简称VOCs舱)对8种VOCs(甲苯、乙烯基环己烯、对二甲苯、苯乙烯、2-乙基己醇、萘、4-苯基环己烯和正十二烷)的回收率测试方法。对比两台VOCs舱回收率的测试结果发现,对小分子化合物的回收率数据基本一致,均在83%~99%之间;但对大分子化合物的回收率数据存在明显差异,建议尽早开展制定VOCs舱回收率的测试标准。甲醛测试舱(简称甲醛舱)对8种VOCs的回收率测试结果远低于VOCs舱,尤其是萘和4-苯基环己烯,其回收率小于11%,建议在采用改造甲醛舱进行VOCs测试时多关注甲醛舱对于VOCs回收率的影响。 相似文献
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模拟室内环境释放舱设备的研制与开发 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
装饰材料产品释放挥发性有机化合物对室内环境和人体健康会产生重要的影响。使用合理有效的采样技术,准确测得材料释放化合物的释放量对改善室内人居环境、提高产品环保水平具有重要意义。为模拟材料在室内环境下的释放状态,本试验研制一种新型室内环境释放舱,能够模拟材料在室内环境下的释放状态,从而有效测得人造板等装饰材料在不同室内环境条件下挥发性有机化合物的释放量。该释放舱采用空气套恒温方式,有效容积250 L,可调节温度范围为18～40℃,相对湿度范围为40%～70%,空气交换量范围为50～500 L/h,具有偏差、均匀性、波动性绝对值低的特点。环境空气经净化装置处理后,由流量控制器进入流量计,相对湿度调节装置调整相对湿度后进入恒温释放舱,舱内空气循环装置将样品释放有机物与舱内气体混合均匀后经舱空气出口排出,由舱出口管道采样。温度、相对湿度控制器通过温度、湿度传感器对舱内温度、相对湿度进行监测与控制。使用催化燃烧法与高效活性炭过滤结合法对进入释放舱空气净化,保证了释放舱低有机物背景浓度要求,内舱材料表面硅烷化处理方式,提高了C_9之后化合物的回收率。测试试验表明,该环境舱系统背景单体质量浓度≤1.8μg/m~3、TVOC质量浓度≤10μg/m~3,对C_4～C_(14)范围内18种挥发性物质的24 h回收率大于80%。 相似文献
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We present a new approach for selecting seed sources of Eucalyptus to be grown on saline land. We evaluated our method using 22 seed sources, 11 tree-form species and 11 mallee-form species.
We found that the commonly used strategy of selecting seed sources on the basis of average productivity was inappropriate,
as average productivity was poorly correlated with the relationship between productivity and salinity that was actually observed.
Using our new approach, we categorized seed sources as salt-sensitive or salt-tolerant based on the strength of the observed
relationship between salinity and productivity. Seed sources defined as sensitive were associated with relatively large (−24.8
to −64.2%) productivity losses, while the changes in productivity for tolerant seed sources ranged from −17.1 to 10.5%. On
average, reductions in height due to increased salinity were about 30% greater for sensitive seed sources than tolerant ones,
although the effect was smaller for mallee-form and greater for tree-form seed sources. The difference between sensitive and
tolerant seed sources was similar after 1, 2 and 4 years of growth. 相似文献
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12个桃品种的花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在浙西南地区研究12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量生态指标.犹他模型测定结果显示:12个桃品种中,花芽休眠需冷量低的品种为春蜜、超红、中油11号、中油7号、中油4号,约为550～650 cu;其次是丽油5号、仓方早生、燕红、丽油3号、早凤凰,约为650～ 800 cu;需冷量高的品种为新川中岛和赤月,约为900～ 950cu.同一地区不同品种需热量差异较大,同一品种年际间差异相对较小.以生长度天模型试验结果表明:开花需热量低的品种为赤月和丽油3号,大约400 ～ 500 d·℃;其次是新川中岛,大约500～600 d·℃;春蜜、丽油5号、早凤凰、中油4号、中油7号、仓方早生和燕红大约600 ～ 700 d·℃;需热量较高的是中油11号和超红,约为700～800 d·℃.12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量与开花需热量之间呈乘幂函数曲线显著负相关. 相似文献
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王珊子 《绿色中国(A版)》2006,(15):66-68
“民以食为天”,“人命关天”,这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上,食品安全的重要性还远不止于此,这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命,而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定,乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。 相似文献
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王珊子 《绿色中国(综合版)》2006,(8):66-68
“民以食为天”，“人命关天”，这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上，食品安全的重要性还远不止于此，这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命，而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定，乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。[编者按] 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(3-4):307-316
Concerns for maintaining biodiversity have led to the adoption of ecosystem management as the paradigm for federal land management. This approach will identify desired future conditions as the goal for management, based on ecological objectives for a given landscape. Some management efforts attempt to identify desired future conditions based on existing successional stages as defined by a classification of overstory vegetation types. Such an approach ignores most of the underlying ecological parameters of the landscape, and is inadequate for identifying past disturbance regimes and future successional pathways. An assessment of desired future conditions based on an ecological classification system is essential to overcome these inadequacies. The strategy proposed in this paper uses an appropriate ecological land classification, based on either ecological land types or habitat types, included in a broader hierarchical classification system. It also uses a vegetation map of existing overstory vegetation. These two maps are overlaid to generate polygons of ecological units that can then be used to create an ecosystem diversity matrix. Each polygon (stand) can be evaluated as to its composition and structure relative to its possible placement within the ecosystem diversity matrix through comparisons with historical ranges of variability. The overall ecosystem diversity matrix can then be examined in terms of the distribution of successional stages within each habitat type or ecological land type. The goal should be to maintain at least adequate ecological representation of all successional stages within each habitat type that occurred historically, based on past disturbance regimes. Adequate ecological representation is defined as sufficient size and distribution of inherent ecosystems to maintain viable populations of all endemic species dependent on these ecosystems. This approach can maintain and enhance regional biodiversity, but also maintain flexibility in land management options. 相似文献