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1.
[目的]本文用体外法研究日粮补充不同水平叶酸对肉牛产气量、瘤胃发酵和饲粮营养物质消化率的影响。[方法]试验采用双因素试验设计,分别在日粮中添加0、1.8、3.6、7.2、14.4 mg·kg~(-1)的叶酸,通过体外培养4、8、12、24、48h测定培养液产气量、pH值、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)和氨态氮(NH_3-N)浓度,以及干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)体外消化率,分析叶酸对产气量、瘤胃发酵和养分体外消化率的影响。[结果](1)日粮中补充3.6、7.2 mg·kg~(-1)叶酸显著提高了培养液产气量、TVFA浓度、DM和NDF体外消化率(P<0.05),显著降低pH值和NH_3-N浓度(P<0.05);(2)随着发酵时间的延长,瘤胃TVFA和NH_3-N浓度显著增加(P<0.05),瘤胃pH值显著降低(P<0.05),但瘤胃乙酸/丙酸比和各种挥发酸摩尔比无显著变化(P>0.05)。叶酸和时间互作效应对所有测定指标的影响均不显著(P>0.05)。[结论]日粮补充3.6 mg·kg~(-1)和7.2 mg·kg~(-1)的叶酸可以显著促进瘤胃发酵,提高产气量和养分消化率。  相似文献   

2.
以5只安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的黔北麻羊为试验动物提供瘤胃液,以青干草:精饲料=80:20为发酵底物(对照),在此基础上分别添加2％、4％、6％、8％ NaHCO3,配制成不同水平缓冲剂的发酵底物,测定累积产气量、产气参数、有机物消化率、pH值、铵态氮浓度.结果表明,各处理组不同时间点累积产气量、潜在产气量、有机物消化率均高于对照组,其中添加2％、4％NaHCO3组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但处理组内均随NaHCO3添加量的提高而降低;添加NaHCO3对发酵底物产气速率、pH值、铵态氮浓度影响不大(P＞0.05).由此可见,低水平NaHCO3有利于黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵状态.  相似文献   

3.
为研究添加不同水平的柴胡提取物对热应激条件下泌乳后期荷斯坦奶牛营养物质表观消化率和瘤胃发酵参数的影响,采用随机区组设计,按照产奶量、泌乳天数及胎次相同的原则将48头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组,每组12头,各组在基础日粮中分别添加0、0.5、2.5和5.0g/kg柴胡提取物(干物质基础),试验期9周。结果表明:热应激条件下,柴胡提取物对瘤胃pH,氨氮含量,丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸浓度,乙酸/丙酸及营养物质表观消化率均无显著影响(P0.05);0.5g/kg组的菌体蛋白含量显著高于2.5和5.0g/kg添加组(P0.05),添加5.0g/kg柴胡提取物降低瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸(P=0.05)和乙酸浓度(P=0.06),不利于瘤胃发酵。因此,柴胡提取物推荐添加剂量不宜超过5.0g/kg。  相似文献   

4.
采用体外发酵产气技术,研究全年4期天然混合牧草中添加不同水平青蒿提取物时的体外发酵产气特性及产甲烷情况。结果表明,添加青蒿提取物对体外发酵理论最大产量有一定影响,但对青草期和枯黄期的影响不显著,枯草期1%、2%添加组均显著高于对照组(P0.05),返青期0.25%、0.5%添加组均显著低于对照组(P0.05),1%添加组极显著高于对照组(P0.01);产气速率也呈现出先降低后升高的规律,枯草期和青草期0.25%、0.5%添加组产气速率均显著低于其他添加组(P0.05),返青期0.25%、0.5%、1%添加组均显著低于其他添加组(P0.05),枯黄期0.5%、1%添加组均显著低于其他组(P0.05);除青草期2%添加组p H值显著升高外(P0.05),其余各组差异均不显著(P0.05);除返青期外,其余各期氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度均随青蒿提取物添加水平上升,0.5%添加组最高,显著高于对照组NH3-N浓度(P0.05);甲烷产量随青蒿提取物添加呈现先降低后升高的趋势,各期0.5%添加组甲烷产量最低,极显著低于对照组(P0.01)。说明青蒿提取物可在不影响瘤胃正常发酵的情况下,抑制甲烷产量,全年4期各适宜添加水平均为0.5%。  相似文献   

5.
为探讨植物精油对瘤胃体外发酵的影响,采用体外产气法分析不同添加水平的茶树油、肉桂油和丁香油对瘤胃发酵模式、发酵产气量及动力学参数和瘤胃氮代谢的影响.与对照组相比结果表明:1)添加各剂量的茶树油和肉桂油对微生物蛋白(MCP)含量无显著影响,但氨氮(NH3-N)浓度均有降低趋势,其中添加300和1500 mg/L肉桂油显著降低了NH3-N浓度(P＜0.05).2)添加1000 mg/L的茶树油或1500 mg/L的肉桂油显著降低了总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)和丙酸浓度(P＜0.05),而50和100 mg/L茶树油处理组丁酸浓度显著升高(P＜0.05),300和500 mg/L的肉桂油处理组支链脂肪酸浓度显著升高(P＜0.05).3)添加100 mg/L的茶树油和丁香油均可显著提高理论最大发酵产气量(b),并且所有植物精油添加组甲烷(CH4)体积分数均有降低.添加100 mg/L的茶树油或100和300 mg/L的肉桂油有助于改善瘤胃微生物发酵.  相似文献   

6.
[目的]研究发酵底物精粗比为7∶3时不同剂量薰衣草精油对体外瘤胃发酵及甲烷产量的影响.[方法]以5只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的哈萨克公羊为试验动物,采用瘤胃体外培养方法,设对照组和薰衣草精油添加量为100、150、250 μL/L的试验组,每个处理三个重复.[结果]薰衣草精油添加量为150和250 μL/L体外培养24h时降低甲烷产浓度分别为9.72;和24.23;(P＜0.05);添加不同剂量薰衣草精油显著提高累计产气量、TVFA、乙酸摩尔比例和NH3 -N浓度(P＜0.05),降低戊酸、丁酸和BCVFA摩尔比例(P＜0.05).[结论]适当剂量的薰衣草精油对甲烷产生有抑制作用.  相似文献   

7.
体外研究了不同质量浓度5、20、40 mg/L棉酚对瘤胃厌氧真菌和瘤胃细菌发酵稻草活力的影响。瘤胃真菌发酵试验中,各处理组的底物消失率均显著低于对照组(0)(P<0.05)。产气量结果表明,20、40 mg/L两试验组的发酵明显滞后于其它各组,且发酵24 h和48 h的累计产气量显著低于对照组及51、0 mg/L试验组(P<0.05),说明20 mg/L和40 mg/L的棉酚可显著抑制瘤胃真菌的发酵。在瘤胃细菌发酵试验中,51、0 mg/L棉酚处理组的底物消失率与对照组(0)无明显差异,而20和40 mg/L棉酚处理组的底物消失率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。累计产气量结果表明,各浓度水平的棉酚对瘤胃细菌发酵无明显的滞后效应。因此,瘤胃真菌对棉酚较为敏感,而瘤胃细菌对棉酚有较强的耐受能力,但高浓度的棉酚对细菌发酵活力有一定的抑制作用。  相似文献   

8.
为探讨苏子油对瘤胃体外发酵的影响,采用人工瘤胃技术分析不同添加水平的苏子油对瘤胃发酵模式、发酵参数和瘤胃脂肪酸代谢的影响.结果表明:添加不同剂量苏子油对发酵液pH值和氨氮(NH3-N)含量无显著影响(P0.05);与对照相比较,随着苏子油添加量的增加干物质降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率、酸性洗涤纤维降解率、发酵底物单位产气量显著降低(P0.05),甲烷产量呈下降趋势(P0.05);对TVFA无显著影响(P0.05),丙酸含量显著增加(P0.05),乙酸含量和乙酸丙酸比例显著降低(P0.05);C18:1、c9,t11-CLA和总的长链脂肪酸浓度均明显升高(P0.01).表明在粮中添加一定量的苏子油,可改变瘤胃发酵类型、降低甲烷产量、调节瘤胃液脂肪酸组成.  相似文献   

9.
为了探讨山苍子果渣在反刍动物饲料中的利用价值,选用羊草作为对照,采集湖羊瘤胃液进行48 h体外培养试验,利用体外产气法研究山苍子果渣对湖羊瘤胃体外发酵特性的影响。结果显示:(1)山苍子果渣中干物质(DM)含量为95.18%、粗蛋白含量为(CP)13.01%、粗脂肪(EE)含量为34.74%、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量为44.06%、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量为11.08%。(2)体外产气48 h后,山苍子果渣产气总量为-1.53 mL/g,极显著(P0.01)低于羊草;山苍子果渣与羊草发酵液pH值分别为6.67和6.54,差异显著(P0.05);山苍子果渣与羊草发酵液中总可挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度分别为8.74 mmol/L和39.85 mmol/L,差异极显著(P0.01),其中,乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸浓度均极显著(P0.01)低于羊草组,戊酸浓度显著(P0.05)低于羊草,但乙酸与丙酸比值组间差异不显著(P0.05)。以上结果表明,山苍子果渣营养成分丰富,但对瘤胃微生物的生长有抑制作用,不利于反刍动物瘤胃发酵产气。  相似文献   

10.
本试验旨在初步探究并比较安琪与乐斯福两种不同来源酵母对奶牛瘤胃发酵特性的作用,预测其对奶牛生产性能可能的影响,从而为研究酵母在反刍家畜生产中营养生理调控提供理论依据。采用单因子区组试验设计,两种活性酵母均设置4个添加水平(0、0.025%、0.050%、0.075%),分别以玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆为底物,采集奶牛瘤胃液进行48h的体外发酵试验。结果表明,两种酵母对两种底物体外发酵产气量、产气参数、中性洗涤纤维消失率(NDFD)均无显著影响(P0.05),但提高了玉米秸秆(P0.05)和水稻秸秆(P0.01)的DMD;添加两种酵母对玉米秸秆体外发酵液pH值及NH3-N浓度均没有表现出显著性影响(P0.05),但均显著降低了水稻秸秆体外发酵液pH值及NH3-N浓度(P0.05);乐斯福酵母对两种底物DMD的提高作用均显著高于安琪酵母(P0.05)。通过整体比较可以推断,乐斯福酵母的添加效果要明显优于安琪酵母,且以0.075%为最佳添加水平。  相似文献   

11.
The objective of this study was to observe the forage yield, silage fermentative quality, anthocyanin stability, and antioxidant activity during the storage period and in vitro rumen fermentation of anthocyanin-rich purple corn (Zea mays L.) stover (PS) and sticky corn stover (SS). Forage yield of corn stover was weighed and ensiled with two treatments: (1) hybrid sticky waxy corn stover (control), and (2) hybrid purple waxy corn stover (treatment). Samples were stored in mini-silos for periods of 0, 7, 14, 21, 42, 63, 84, and 105 d. The results showed that PS had significantly higher (P<0.05) yields of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and total anthocyanins than that of the SS. Anthocyanin-rich purple corn stover silage (PSS) showed higher (P<0.05) levels of DM and CP relative to the sticky corn stover silage (SSS). Although anthocyanin-rich PSS displayed a lower (P<0.05) level of pelargonidin-3-glucoside (P3G), it had higher (P<0.05) levels of peonidin (Peo) and pelargonidin (Pel) compared to the control. Delphinidin (Del) and malvidin (Mal) were not detected in SSS during the ensilage period; in PSS, Del was no longer detected after 7 d of ensilage. Specifically, total anthocyanins in anthocyanin-rich PSS decreased rapidly (P<0.05) prior to 7 d of ensilage, and then remained at relatively stable (P>0.05) constants. Compared to the anthocyanin-rich PSS, SSS displayed significantly higher (P<0.05) pH value and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content. Propionic acid (PA) at 0 d and butyric acid (BA) during the entire study period were not detected, whereas anthocyanin-rich PSS showed a higher (P<0.05) level of lactic acid (LA) than that of the SSS. Compared with the SSS extract, anthocyanin-rich PSS extract showed a higher (P<0.05) level of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and displayed a lower (P<0.05) half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. Moreover, anthocyanin-rich PSS reduced (P<0.05) gas production (GP), and displayed lower levels of immediately soluble fraction and ratio of acetic acid (AA) to PA at 12 h, but the other parameters were unaffected (P>0.05) relative to the control. Taken together, the results indicated that: (1) anthocyanins could be stable in silage; (2) anthocyanin-rich PSS showed better silage fermentative quality and stronger antioxidant activity; and (3) anthocyanin-rich PSS had no negative effect on rumen fermentation parameters.  相似文献   

12.
张春桃  马涛  屠焰  刁其玉 《中国农业科学》2022,55(18):3664-3674
【目的】生物钟系统普遍存在于生命体的各级水平,与动物本身的消化生理及生长性能存在着密切的内在关联。试验探讨了昼夜节律与湖羊瘤胃发酵参数和养分消化代谢的关联,以期为提高育肥羊生长性能和营养物质的利用率提供依据。【方法】选用体重为(21.57±0.77) kg 健康湖羊45只,随机分为3个处理组,每组15只,各处理组采用相同的精料补充料和粗料。3个处理分别设置为：白天处理组（DH),即早上饲喂日总精料的70%+日总粗料的30%;晚上处理组(DL),即早上饲喂日总精料的30%+日总粗料的70%;对照组(CON),即早上和晚上各饲喂日总精料的50%+日总粗料的50%。饲喂两个月后,进行消化代谢试验。采用全收粪、尿法用于测定养分表观消化率和代谢率。饲养试验结束后,分别于晨饲前两小时和晚饲前2h,通过口腔采集瘤胃液样本用于相关指标测定。【结果】①试验羊只的日增重DH组为215.00g,进食量低于DL组和CON组,饲料转化比最优,为5.35,分别优于其他2组11.19 %和16.04 %。②与CON相比,DH组羊只干物质 (DM)、有机物 (OM)、粗蛋白 (CP)、中性洗涤纤维 (NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维 (ADF)消化率均高于CON 和DL组,具体：DH与DL组相比,DM消化率提高了21.42%,CP提高了22.29%,NDF提高了9.85%,ADF提高了28.69%。③氮的生物学价值DH组比CON明显提高（P>0.05）各组间可消化氮的摄入量之间无显著差异,DL组试验羊的总氮排出显著高于DH组（P<0.05）。DH组羊沉积氮、氮利用率和氮的生物学价值显著高于DL组（P<0.05）和CON组（P>0.05）。④不同处理对各组试验羊瘤胃微生物蛋白(MCP)、乙酸、和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)等指标差异不显著（P>0.05）,DH组羊只瘤胃pH、乙丙比、丁酸显著低于DL组（P<0.05）。随着昼夜交替变化,瘤胃pH、NH3-N、乙酸、丙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和乙丙比发生显著变化（P<0.05）,相关参数值白天高于夜间。【结论】在相同日粮营养素含量条件下,改变早、晚精粗料比的分配,可提高羊只生长性能和养分的消化利用率;白昼与夜间对瘤胃发酵有影响,白天饲喂高精料日粮对瘤胃TVFA、NH3-N和MCP含量具有促进作用。总之,早上适量提高精料比例,更符合动物机体的消化和吸收的节奏,对饲料的利用效果更佳。  相似文献   

13.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加大豆素对锦江黄牛瘤胃发酵的影响。选取3头健康且安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的锦江黄牛,采用自身对照设计,试验分对照期和试验期,大豆素添加量500 mg/kg精料。结果表明:1)添加大豆素能使试验期牛瘤胃各时间点p H值显著低于对照期(P=0.036),且在正常瘤胃p H范围内;2)添加大豆素能提高瘤胃液中TVFA、丙酸、丁酸、乙酸浓度及乙酸/丙酸比值,但差异不显著(P﹥0.05);3)添加大豆素使试验期牛各时间点NH3-N浓度较对照期显著降低(P=0.002);4)添加大豆素能使试验期牛微生物蛋白(MCP)合成量较对照期有提高趋势(P=0.053)。综合分析表明大豆素具有改善瘤胃发酵功能作用。  相似文献   

14.
王洪荣  秦韬  王超 《中国农业科学》2014,47(24):4904-4914
【目的】青蒿素是天然青蒿属植物的提取物,它很早就在中国传统中药中被用作抗疟疾、抗肿瘤和驱虫等药物。为探讨青蒿素对反刍动物瘤胃发酵、瘤胃内环境及其瘤胃微生物蛋白质循环的影响,确定青蒿素的对瘤胃发酵调控的效果和适宜添加量,为青蒿素作为一种新的瘤胃调控剂在反刍动物生产中应用提供依据。【方法】采用4只带有瘤胃瘘管的徐淮白山羊为试验动物,饲喂以玉米、豆粕和羊草为主组成的基础日粮,在基础日粮中分别添加占日粮干物质0,0.2%,0.4%和0.6%的青蒿素,进行4×4拉丁方设计试验,研究对山羊瘤胃发酵参数、瘤胃微生物种群变化;采用DTAF荧光染料标记细菌（FLB）的一种新方法测定瘤胃原虫吞噬细菌速率和吞噬量的影响。【结果】山羊瘤胃液中pH值平均值的范围在6.85-7.16,在瘤胃的正常范围内;青蒿素能够降低NH3-N浓度,其中0.4%和0.6%两个处理组的瘤胃液中NH3-N浓度与对照组差异显著。青蒿素能够提高乙酸、丙酸及、总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）的摩尔浓度及丙酸的摩尔浓度百分比,能降低乙酸/丙酸比,各添加组的乙酸/丙酸比显著或极显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);随着青蒿素添加量的增加,细菌蛋白产量增加,其中,以0.6%添加组最高,与对照组差异极显著(P＜0.01);0.4%和0.6%添加组的原虫蛋白产量极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);青蒿素对瘤胃液肽浓度的均值没有显著影响。同时,添加青蒿素后,瘤胃中细菌总数增加而原虫总数减少,使瘤胃原虫种属结构变化。添加青蒿素能显著影响原虫对细菌的吞噬速率,对照组和添加0.2%,0.4%和0.6%青蒿素处理组的吞噬速率分别为：320.11cells/（cell h）、313.94cells/（cell h）、305.00cells/（cell h）、278.14cells/（cell h）。【结论】添加青蒿素能显著影响瘤胃发酵类型,具有降低瘤胃中氨态氮浓度的趋势;同时可显著降低瘤胃中原虫密度,增加了细菌密度,改变瘤胃中原虫的种属构成比例;使瘤胃内毛虫比例显著降低,使双毛虫和等毛虫比例显著提高。添加0.6%青蒿素能显著降低山羊瘤胃内菌体蛋白的微循环,使山羊瘤胃原虫吞噬速率和微生物氮循环量减少而提高饲料蛋白质的潜在利用效率。  相似文献   

15.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding formic acid and corn flour supplementation to banana pseudostem silages on the nutritional quality of these silages, growth, digestion, rumen fermentation and cellulolytic bacterial community of Nubian black goats fed these silages. Banana pseudostem silage was prepared either conventionally without any additives(CON) or mixed with 0.6% formic acid(F), 10% corn flour(C), or both(F+C). Four experimental diets containing 40% of the corresponding silages were designed with roughage to concentrate ratio of 50:50(dry matter(DM) basis). A total of 48 Nubian black castrated goats(body weight(BW),(22.64±1.82) kg; 4-mon-old) were randomized into one of the four treatment groups with 12 replicates of one castrated goat per replicate for each treatment in a completely randomized design. Each group was fed on one of the four experimental diets for 40 days. A factorial arrangement of treatments of 2(formic acid levels: 0 and 0.6%)×2(corn flour: 0 and 10%) was adopted. Formic acid supplementation increased(P0.05) average daily gain, as well as lactic acid, propionate and butyric acid and water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations, but decreased(P0.05) the feed conversion rate, p H value, acetate/propionate ratio, and butyric acid concentration relative to the CON group. Corn flour supplementation increased(P0.05) the apparent digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and non-fibrous carbohydrate and Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens populations, but decreased(P0.05) the Ruminococcus flavefaciens population relative to the CON group. There were no F×C treatment interactions(P0.05) for any of the other indices except for the apparent digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrate(NFC)(P0.05). The results demonstrated that adding 0.6% formic acid and 10% corn flour supplementation to banana pseudostem silages improved the nutritional quality of these silages and enhanced the growth performance of Nubian black castrated goats by improving apparent nutrient digestibility, and regulating ruminal fermentation and bacteria populations.  相似文献   

16.
《农业科学学报》2023,22(6):1833-1846
This study investigated the effects of dioscorea opposite waste (DOW) on the growth performance, blood parameters, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota of weaned lambs. Sixty healthy weaned Small-Tailed Han lambs (male, (22.68±2.56) kg initially) were used as the experimental animals. Four levels of concentrate: 0 (control, CON), 10% (DOW1), 15% (DOW2) and 20% (DOW3), were replaced with DOW in the basal diet as experimental treatments. The results showed that lambs fed the DOW2 diet had a higher (P<0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) than the other groups. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among DOW groups in average daily weight gain (ADG), and replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically increased (P<0.05) the ADG, while lambs fed the DOW2 diet showed greater (P<0.05) ADG than the CON group. The relative plasma concentration of growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin were affected by DOW, replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically (P<0.05) enhanced the plasma concentration of GH, IGF-1 and insulin, which was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the DOW2 group than in the CON, DOW1 and DOW3 groups. In addition, the DOW treatment showed a lower (P<0.05) concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) than the CON group. Replacing concentrate with DOW quadratically decreased (P<0.05) the ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and increased (P<0.05) the total of volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) at 0 and 4 h after feeding as well as linearly decreased (P<0.05) the NH3-N at 8 h after feeding. Replacing concentrate with DOW linearly decreased (P<0.05) the propionate and increased the aceate before feeding, and linearly decreased (P<0.05) propionate and quadratically increased (P<0.05) the aceate at 4 and 8 h after feeding. Lambs fed the DOW2 diet increased the phylum Firmicutes and genera Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus_1 groups, whereas decreased (P<0.05) the relative abundance of phylum Deferribacteres and genera intestinimonas and Ruminiclostridium. In summary, replacing the concentrate with 15% DOW was beneficial for improving the rumen fermentation and ADG by increasing the DMI and modulating the rumen microbial community.  相似文献   

17.
半胱胺对山羊瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  
利用来自4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管本地成年山羊的瘤胃液，以0．7g草粉和0．3g精料（由70％玉米＋30％豆粕组成）为底物，在体外厌氧条件下，研究了不同浓度的半胱胺（10mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、200mg/L和500mg/L)对瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响。结果表明：当培养液中半胱胺浓度为50mg/L时，培养液中氨氮浓度比对照组降低5．7％（P＜0．05），而微生物蛋白浓度、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、丙酸比例和体外发酵总产气量分别比对照组提高66％（P＜0．05）、56％（P＜0．05）、6％（P＜0．05）和11．4％（P＜0．05），发酵总产气量和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度开始高于对照组，微生物蛋白在发酵5h后开始高于对照组。结果显示，半胱胺可促进山羊瘤胃微生物发酵。  相似文献   

18.
Early life intervention is important to shape the gut microbiome profiles of adult animals due to the tremendous alteration of diet components. Nevertheless, there is still no unified understanding about its long-term effects in lambs. In this study, sixty 20-day-old lambs were assigned into ewe-rearing (ER) and artificial-rearing (AR) treatments to evaluate the effects of AR strategy on ruminal microbiota, fermentation, and morphology of pre-weaning lambs (from 20 to 60 days of age) and its long-term effects in the fattening stage (from 61 to 180 days of age). During the pre-weaning stage, ER lambs were breastfed and supplemented starter, while AR lambs were artificially fed with milk replacer and starter. During the fattening stage, all lambs in both treatments were fed with the same fattening diets. At 60, 120 and 180 days of age, 6 lambs from each group were slaughtered to collect rumen content and tissue samples. Compared with ER lambs, the dry matter feed intakes of AR lambs increased (P<0.05) from 20 to 180 days of age, companying an increased average daily gain (ADG) from 61 to 120 days of age (P<0.05) and from 121 to 180 days of age (0.05<P<0.1). Although there was no difference in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate) between treatments before weaning (P>0.05), it was higher (P<0.05) in AR lambs compared with ER lambs at the fattening stage. The rumen keratin layer of AR lambs was thinner (P<0.05) than that of ER lambs. Along with lamb growth from 60 to 180 days of age, the differences in rumen bacterial diversity between AR and ER treatments grew more distinct (P<0.05). Compared with ER lambs, AR lambs increased (P<0.05) rumen bacteria abundance, such as phylum Spirochaetes and genus Treponema at 60 days of age, phylum Actinobacteria and genus Succiniclasticum at 120 days of age, and phylum Proteobacteria at 180 days of age, but decreased genus Selenomonas from 60 to 180 days of age, and Anaerovibrio at 180 days of age. In summary, the early interventions before weaning could improve dry matter feed intake of lambs, which triggered robust rumen development and produced positive long-term effects on rumen fermentation and noticeable weight gain of fattening lambs. It suggests that the artificial rearing strategy is effective in improving rumen fermentation and microbial maturity of intensive fattening lambs.  相似文献   

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