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1.
The hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus (Degeer) is one of the most abundant predators of the cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)) in brussels sprouts in Belgium. In the current laboratory study, the toxicity of several insecticides applied at maximum
recommended field rates was investigated on the larvae of E. balteatus. Two- to 3-day-old larvae were confined in glass petri dishes with dry residues of freshly applied insecticides. Their mortality
was checked daily until adult emergence. Sub-lethal effects were investigated by assessing the reproductive performance of
adult hoverflies, originating from the surviving larvae. Of the five compounds tested, only pirimicarb caused 100% larval
mortality. The corrected mortality for spinosad was 60% and the adults obtained from the surviving larvae did not succeed
in laying eggs. Therefore, pirimicarb and spinosad were rated “harmful” (International Organization for Biological and Integrated
Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC) category 4) for the larvae of E. balteatus. In contrast, flonicamid, thiacloprid and spirotetramat yielded much lower mortality percentages. The hatching rate of hoverfly
eggs treated with flonicamid was 25.6% vs 48.7% in the control. Hence, flonicamid was rated “slightly harmful” (IOBC category
2). The fertility of adults treated as larvae with thiacloprid or spirotetramat was not affected (IOBC category 1). These
laboratory trials suggest that thiacloprid and spirotetramat can be used safely in integrated pest management programs to
control the cabbage aphid. Pirimicarb, spinosad and flonicamid should be tested in semi-field and field situations to assess
their toxicity under more realistic conditions. 相似文献
2.
Nasir Abbas Naeem Abbas Masood Ejaz Sarfraz Ali Shad Iqra Asghar Aima Irum Muhammad Binyameen 《Phytoparasitica》2018,46(4):533-539
Cotton jassid, Amrasca devastans (Distant), is an economically important pest of various crops (i.e. cotton, okra, brinjal) and has the potential to become resistant against insecticides due to the intense use of insecticides in the region which entails high selection pressure. To monitor the resistance levels against recently used new chemistry insecticides (nitenpyram, spirotetramat, chlorfenapyr, fipronil, emamectin benzoate, sulfoxaflor, and flonicamid), four field populations of A. devastans collected from Khanewal, Multan, Muzaffargarh and Lodhran districts were examined by leaf dip bioassays. The results revealed the 32.95–136.47 fold resistance to nitenpyram, 23.03–56.74 fold to spirotetramat, 10.84–31.33 fold to chlorfenapyr, 1.20–9.43 fold to fipronil, 3.27–43.77 fold to emamectin benzoate, 0.66–2.81 fold to sulfoxaflor and 0.59–1.25 fold to flonicamid in different field populations, compared to the susceptible strain. Based on present study findings, it may be suggested to discontinue the use of nitenpyram, spirotetramat, chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate for which the populations were resistant and the rotational use of fipronil, sulfoxaflor and flonicamid for which the populations were susceptible. Proactive resistance management approaches such as judicious use of insecticides with proper dose selection, time of spray on early stages and correct method of application are necessary to prevent the development of resistance. 相似文献
3.
用点滴法测定了 13种杀虫剂对中华草蛉 (Chrysopa sinia (Jieder) )幼虫的毒力 ,按敏感性由高至低依次为 :久效磷、氯氟氰菊酯、灭多威、丙溴磷、辛硫磷 >氧乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲基毒死蜱 >硫丙磷 >抑太保 >氰戊菊酯 >阿维菌素及硫丹。同时测定了多种药剂对棉铃虫 (H elicoverp a armigera Hübner)、棉蚜 (Aphis gossyp ii Glover)的毒力 ,证明多数有机磷杀虫剂及灭多威为非选择性药剂 ;具有选择性的药剂中 ,硫丹选择性最高 ,其次为氰戊菊酯。氯氟氰菊酯对中华草蛉与棉铃虫表现出一定程度的选择性 ,但对中华草蛉与棉蚜则表现为非选择性 ;随棉蚜抗药性提高 ,各药剂选择性降低。 相似文献
4.
Ilan Neubauer Nadav Aharonson Isaac Ishaaya Benjamin Raccah Larisa Soroksi 《Pest management science》1982,13(4):387-394
A study was made of the accumulation of aldicarb, ethiofencarb and dimethoate in citrus leaves and fruit; the toxicity of these insecticides to the spirea aphid (Aphis citricola Van der Goot) was also studied. The effectiveness of the treatments was affected mainly by the rate of accumulation of the toxicant in the leaves. At 18 g a.i. per tree, the greatest residues found in the leaves were 106, 12.2 and 1.3 μg 8?1 fresh weight for aldicarb, ethiofencarb and dimethoate, respectively. The concentration in mature leaves was very similar to that in young leaves. The residue levels in the mature fruits were much lower than in the leaves. The main components of the residues in the leaves were aldicarb sulphoxide [2-methyl-2-(methylsulphinyl)- propionaldehyde O-methylcarbamoyloxime], dimethoate, omethoate and ethiofencarb sulphoxide [2-(ethylsulphinylmethyl)phenyl methylcarbamate]. A laboratory study with synthetic diets showed similar toxicity for all three insecticides, whereas in detached leaves, or when taken up by citrus trees, ethiofencarb was the least toxic to the aphids. 相似文献
5.
Mohammad Amin Jalali Thomas Van Leeuwen Luc Tirry Patrick De Clercq 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(4):323-326
The toxicity of pirimicarb, imidacloprid, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, flonicamid and spinosad to the two-spot ladybird,
Adalia bipunctata, was evaluated in a laboratory study. Susceptibility of fourth instars and female adults was assessed by measuring toxicity
via residual contact and ingestion through feeding on contaminated green peach aphids (Myzus persicae). Flonicamid and spinosad had no lethal effects on larvae and female adults. Pirimicarb was harmless to the predator by ingestion
exposure but showed some residual toxicity at high concentrations to both larval and adult stages. Imidacloprid was highly
toxic to the larval stage by residual and ingestion exposure but caused very low adult mortality when ingested through contaminated
prey. Dimethoate and lambda-cyhalothrin were highly toxic to both the larval and adult stages of the ladybird. Our findings
indicate that pest management programs in agricultural crops using dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin and, to a lesser degree,
imidacloprid, are detrimental to A. bipunctata, whereas pirimicarb, flonicamid and spinosad are more compatible with the use of this predator. 相似文献
6.
The braconid parasitoid Microplitis mediator (Haliday) is a key natural enemy of the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae (L.), in Europe. In the context of an Integrated Pest Management approach, the use of selective insecticides is essential
for the conservation of naturally occurring beneficial arthropods. The present laboratory study investigated the side effects
of six insecticides applied at recommended field rates on adults and cocooned pupae of M. mediator. Male and female parasitoids were paired in drum cells contaminated with dry residues of insecticides. Besides lethal effects
after 24 h, parasitization capacity and longevity of the surviving parasitoids was evaluated. Lethal effects on cocooned pupae
were also investigated by assessing adult emergence from treated cocoons. Pirimicarb caused 100% adult mortality after 24 h,
whereas the other tested insecticides caused no direct toxic effects. However, sub-lethal effects in terms of reduced parasitization
activity, percentage of parasitism or female longevity were found for flonicamid, pymetrozine, spinosad and thiacloprid. Spirotetramat
shortened only male longevity. Adult emergence from treated cocoons was reduced only by flonicamid and pymetrozine. 相似文献
7.
Effect of several insecticides on pomegranate aphid,Aphis punicae (Passerini) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its predators under field conditions 
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下载免费PDF全文 A. A. Abd‐Ella 《EPPO Bulletin》2015,45(1):90-98
The pomegranate aphid, Aphis punicae (Passerini) (Homoptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests in Egypt on pomegranate trees. The study presented in this paper was conducted from 2012 to 2013 to compare the efficiency and selectivity of neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and dinotefuran), organophosphate (malathion) and carbamate (pirimicarb) insecticides against pomegranate aphid and the associated predators, Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Syrphus corolla Fabricius. These insecticides significantly reduced the pomegranate aphid population by an average of between 70.6 and 90.7%. The effects persisted for up to 15 days after the end of treatment. The greatest control of A. punicae was achieved by thiamethoxam > acetamiprid > imidacloprid > pirimicarb > dinotefuran > malathion. Acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, malathion and pirimicarb were harmful to predators and the observed reduction ranged from 75.4 to 100% and dinotefuran was moderately harmful to lacewings with an average reduction about 64.4%. These results suggested that the neonicotinoid insecticides can be considered as promising candidates for controlling the pomegranate aphid as, although they do have harmful to moderately harmful effects on predators, they are significantly less toxic to these beneficial organisms than malathion and pirimicarb. 相似文献
8.
为提高微生物杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的防治效果,利用球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana IPPB343、IPPB1237与金龟子绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae IPPM330189三种昆虫病原真菌,斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis viruses,SLNPV）、甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis viruses,MBNPV）2种昆虫病毒和短稳杆菌Empedobacter brevis昆虫病原细菌,设置9种联合施用药剂组合,评价6种微生物杀虫剂单独使用以及不同药剂联合施用组合对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的毒力以及田间防治效果。结果表明,与6种微生物杀虫剂单独使用相比,9种联合施用组合均能提升微生物杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的毒力水平与田间防治效果。施药后7 d时,金龟子绿僵菌IPPM330189+MBNPV药剂组合的防治效果最好且增效最明显,对草地贪夜蛾的田间防治效果达到88.75%,协同毒力指数为23.78。此外,金龟子绿僵菌IPPM330189+短稳杆菌悬浮剂药剂组合施药后7 d对草地贪夜蛾的田间防治效果达到87.45%,协同毒力指数也可达到21.72。表明微生物杀虫剂联合施用可显著提升其对草地贪夜蛾的防治效果。 相似文献
9.
为明确现阶段棉田常用化学杀虫剂对新疆维吾尔自治区（简称新疆）棉花主要害虫的毒力以及对新疆本地优势天敌多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata的安全性,于室内分别测定当前21种棉田常用化学药剂对新疆棉田3种主要害虫棉蚜Aphis gossypii、截形叶螨Etranychus truncatus和棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera以及优势天敌多异瓢虫的毒力,比较不同药剂对各种害虫和天敌的相对毒力指数以及益害毒性比。结果表明,药剂处理24 h后,10种蚜虫防治药剂对棉蚜成蚜的半致死浓度LC50由高到低依次为氟啶虫胺腈、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、环氧虫啶、噻虫嗪、丁硫克百威、烯啶虫胺、呋虫胺、螺虫乙酯和吡蚜酮,其中益害毒性比较高的药剂主要有氟啶虫胺腈和螺虫乙酯;5种叶螨防治药剂对截形叶螨成螨的LC50从高到低依次为阿维菌素、哒螨灵、四螨嗪、噻螨酮和炔螨特,其中益害毒性比较高的药剂主要有四螨嗪、噻螨酮和阿维菌素;6种鳞翅目害虫幼虫防治药剂对棉铃虫3龄幼虫的LC50由高到低顺次为甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（简称甲维盐）、氯虫苯甲酰胺、茚虫威、灭多威、毒死蜱和高效氯氰菊酯,其中益害毒性比较高的药剂主要有甲维盐和氯虫苯甲酰胺。综合上述2个方面结果,氟啶虫胺腈、阿维菌素、甲维盐和氯虫苯甲酰胺不仅对棉花害虫毒力效果强,而且对有益天敌安全性高。 相似文献
10.
BACKGROUND: Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) has become a very important non‐traditional tree crop in Ghana. The crop is, however, attacked by sap‐sucking insects, particularly the mosquito bug, Helopeltis schoutedeni Reuter, the leaf‐footed bug, Pseudotheraptus devastans (Dist.), and the coreid bug, Anoplocnemis curvipes (F.), which feed on shoots, panicles and fruits. Their damage is characterised by withering of the latter. In Ghana, Oecophylla longinoda Latr. occurs in large numbers on cashew and other native plants, but little is known about its relationship with insect pests. The relationship between O. longinoda and shoot and panicle damage by sap‐sucking bugs and the effectiveness of O. longinoda as a biocontrol agent in the protection of cashew as compared with two chemical insecticides, lambda‐cyhalothrin (Karate®) and cypermethrin + dimethoate (Cyperdim®), were therefore investigated at Bole in the northern region of Ghana. RESULTS: There was a negative correlation between numbers of O. longinoda nests and pest damage. Trees treated with cypermethrin + dimethoate (969 mg AI mL?1 tree?1) and lambda‐cyhalothrin (100 mg AI mL?1 tree?1) recorded the smallest bug numbers, followed by O. longinoda. Trees infested by Oecophylla longinoda and trees treated with cypermethrin + dimethoate and with lambda‐cyhalothrin had less than 6% pest damage to shoots, panicles and fruits, while water‐sprayed trees recorded damage as high as 36.8% (shoots) in February, 32.9% (panicles) in February and 37.8% (fruits) in March. Cypermethrin + dimethoate again recorded the highest (485.0 kg ha?1) nut yield, followed by O. longinoda (431.0 kg ha?1), with water recording the lowest (93.0 kg ha?1) nut yield. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that O. longinoda can be used to control some sucking bugs as effectively as some insecticides. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
11.
Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill is a vegetable crop of major importance in Tunisia. Since its detection in 2008, the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) became a serious insect pest attacking both outdoor and greenhouse tomatoes. Its control relies primarily on insecticides; hence the diversification of active substances including natural products is urgently required. The effectiveness of novel insecticides and plant extracts for the control of T. absoluta were investigated in Tunisia on tomatoes grown in greenhouses and in the laboratory in 2011. In tomato greenhouses, the following products were evaluated: Ampligo 150ZS (chlorantraniliprole + lambda‐cyhalothrin), VoliamTargo 063 SC (chlorantraniliprole + abamectin), Tracer240 SC (spinosad), Nimbecidine (azadirachtin 0.03%), Tutafort (plant extracts), Vydate (oxamyl) and Biocatch (Verticillium lecanii). In the laboratory, the products evaluated were: Ampligo 150ZS (chlorantraniliprole + lambda‐cyhalothrin), Movento OD (spirotetramat), Evisect SP (thiocyclam), Challenger SC (chlorfenapyr), Cyproma WP (cyromazine), Vydate (oxamyl), Armorex (plant extracts), Konflic (plant extracts) and Deffort (plant extracts). Greenhouse trials show good efficacy of the following products: Tracer, Nimbecidine, Biocatch, VoliamTargo, Tutafort and Vydate. However, laboratory trials demonstrate good performance of Challenger, Ampligo, Movento, Armorex, Deffort and Konflic. The integration of these products in an integrated pest management approach is discussed. 相似文献
12.
为筛选防治温室白粉虱的有效药剂,采用室内和田间药效方法测定了7种杀虫剂在推荐剂量下对温室白粉虱卵、若虫和成虫的防治效果。结果表明:22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂、1.8%阿维菌素乳油单用或22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和25%烯啶虫胺可溶性粉剂混用对卵和若虫的防效高达85%以上。10%氟啶虫酰胺水分散粒剂、22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂对成虫的速效性和持效性最好,防效均高达94%以上。因此,推荐在温室白粉虱发生初期选择氟啶虫酰胺、氟啶虫胺腈、阿维菌素单用或螺虫乙酯和烯啶虫胺混用进行防治,世代重叠严重时可根据对不同虫态的防治效果选择几种药剂混用。 相似文献
13.
玫烟色棒束孢与球孢白僵菌对桃蚜致病力对比 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为选取具有杀蚜潜力的虫生真菌,采用喷雾法比较研究了玫烟色棒束孢IF-1106和球孢白僵菌BB-1339对桃蚜成蚜的致病力,并利用时间-剂量-死亡率模型估计了2菌株对桃蚜的致死剂量与致死时间。结果表明,菌株IF-1106侵染桃蚜后菌丝如棉絮状,形成淡玫瑰色分生孢子,且菌丝侵染速度快于菌株BB-1339;菌株BB-1339侵染桃蚜后菌丝短而致密,形成白色分生孢子。菌株IF-1106在浓度为1×108 CFU/mL时,累计死亡率达到91.7%,而菌株BB-1339最高仅为55.0%。时间-剂量-死亡率模型中Hosmer-Lemeshow方法拟合异质性检验表明模型拟合良好,在接种后7 d,菌株IF-1106和BB-1339对桃蚜的半致死浓度分别为1.20×105 CFU/mL和8.15×107 CFU/mL;当浓度为1×108 CFU/mL时,2菌株对桃蚜的半致死时间分别为4.2 d和6.8 d。表明菌株IF-1106对桃蚜的致病力高于菌株BB-1339,更具开发潜力。 相似文献
14.
为评价4种杀虫剂在玉米田防治灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus、禾蓟马Frankliniella tenuicornis和玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis的应用前景,采用浸苗法测定了其对3种害虫的毒力,并通过种子处理筛选对3种害虫田间防效较高的药剂。结果表明,噻虫嗪、呋虫胺和吡虫啉对灰飞虱、禾蓟马和玉米蚜具有较高毒力,LC50分别为0.14～1.10、4.24～31.01 mg/L和0.80～7.49 mg/L,氟啶虫酰胺的毒力最低,对3种害虫的LC50分别为84. 55、222.72 mg/L和44.81 mg/L。采用种子处理的方式施药后,各药剂处理组玉米出苗率与对照组无显著差异,安全性较高;播种后30 d,20%氟啶虫酰胺种子处理悬浮剂对灰飞虱、禾蓟马的防效均在75%以上,播种后40 d,70%噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂对灰飞虱防效最高,其次为20%氟啶虫酰胺种子处理悬浮剂、8%呋虫胺悬浮种衣剂和600 g/L吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂;播种后50 d(玉米抽雄期)调查,20%氟啶虫酰胺种子处理悬浮剂对玉米蚜防治效果可达92.1%,表现出较高的防治效果,噻虫嗪、呋虫胺、吡虫啉防治效果略低,但均在70%以上,能有效防治玉米蚜的为害。综上,氟啶虫酰胺、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺和吡虫啉均适合用于防治玉米田灰飞虱、禾蓟马和玉米蚜3种害虫。 相似文献
15.
16.
Bioassays were conducted in stored grains to evaluate the combined use of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, diatomaceous earth (DE) and fenitrothion against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. The insecticide agents were applied to wheat as follows: the fungus at 1 × 108 conidia/kg of wheat, DE at 3 g/kg of wheat and fenitrothion at a rate of 0.15 ml/kg of wheat (25% of field dose rate). Surviving insects and progeny production were monitored at thirty-day intervals until four months. For both insect species, significantly less progeny was produced on wheat treated with fenitrothion and DE + B. bassiana formulations in comparison with controls. The effect of insecticides on the grain damage, germination power of wheat and bulk density was also evaluated. After four months, B. bassiana mixed with DE reduced the damaged insect grains by 50% in comparison with both fenitrothion and control treatments. Trials using DE caused a reduction in bulk density while there were no significant differences for germination testing between treatments. 相似文献
17.
Seven aphid species were screened with twelve entomopathogenic fungi for the selection of the most effective fungus. Beauveria bassiana CKB-048 caused the highest mortalities for all aphid species tested in their nymphal stage. The cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) was chosen for further studies in its adult stage using B. bassiana CKB-048 as a biocontrol agent, and carbosulfan was used for a comparison in greenhouse testing. The mode of action of the fungal killing was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The endophytic colonization of the cowpea plant by B. bassiana CKB-048 was studied and confirmed using both stereo microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The chitinase enzyme activity of cowpea plants after they were sprayed with the fungus or carbosulfan was found to fluctuate throughout five days. The lethal concentrations of B. bassiana CKB-048 suspensions that killed 50 % (LC50) of A. craccivora was 6.69 × 107 conidia/ml for the nymphs and 8.25 × 107 conidia/ml for the adults. The time for lethality (LT50) with a concentration of 2 × 108 conidia/ml was 3.25 days for nymphs and 4 days for adults. 相似文献
18.
Fungal entomopathogens like Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) are known as antagonists of insects with multiple functional and ecological roles, and have attracted increased attention as biocontrol agents in integrated pest management programmes. For some crop plants, it has been proven that endophytic B. bassiana, besides its entomopathogenic habit, can provide protection against plant pathogens or limit their damaging effects. However, for grapevine, limited knowledge is available on the influence of endophytic B. bassiana on fungal pathogens and about the mechanisms underlying putative protection effects. This study assessed the protective potential of endophytic B. bassiana against grapevine downy mildew Plasmopara viticola in greenhouse experiments. Three and seven days after a B. bassiana treatment, potted grapevine plants were inoculated with P. viticola and the evolving disease severity was assessed. Disease severity was significantly reduced in B. bassiana-treated plants compared to control plants, depending on the age of leaves. Furthermore, a microarray and an RT-qPCR analysis were performed to work out fundamental aspects of genes involved in the interaction between grapevine and B. bassiana. The results indicate an up-regulation of diverse defence-related genes in grapevine as a response to endophytic establishment of B. bassiana. Thus, endophytic establishment of an entomopathogenic fungus such as B. bassiana in grapevine plants would represent an alternative and sustainable plant protection strategy, with the potential for reducing pesticide applications in viticulture. 相似文献
19.
为筛选高效、低毒的杀虫剂，测定1.5%除虫菊素、0.3%印楝素、4%阿维·啶虫脒、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯和70%吡虫啉5种杀虫剂对苜蓿种子田主要害虫牛角花齿蓟马Odontothrips loti和豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum的室内毒力和田间防效，并分析这5种药剂对主要传粉昆虫数量及多样性指数的影响。结果显示，0.3%印楝素对牛角花齿蓟马和豌豆蚜的毒力相对较高，LC50分别为1.093 mg/L和2.864 mg/L。70%吡虫啉以及4%阿维·啶虫脒对牛角花齿蓟马和豌豆蚜均有较高的防效，最高防效均达到85.00%以上，但这2种药剂对传粉昆虫威胁较大，而0.3%印楝素则对传粉昆虫威胁较小。推荐花期苜蓿种子田使用0.3%印楝素1 000倍稀释液防控害虫，而非开花期可交替使用70%吡虫啉1 000倍稀释液和4%阿维·啶虫脒1 000倍稀释液防控害虫。 相似文献
20.
螺虫乙酯对大型溞的急性和慢性毒性效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评价新型季酮酸衍生物类杀虫剂螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat)对水生生物的生态危害,以大型溞Daphnia magna为研究对象,将其暴露于不同质量浓度的螺虫乙酯中,通过急性毒性试验、慢性毒性试验和子代染毒及恢复试验,研究螺虫乙酯对大型溞的急性和21 d慢性毒性效应。急性毒性试验结果表明,螺虫乙酯对大型溞的48 h-EC50值为46.55 mg/L。慢性毒性试验结果表明,经不同浓度螺虫乙酯暴露21 d后,4.7 mg/L浓度组在初次产溞数、母溞产溞总数和母溞产胎数上较对照都有显著减少,并显著延后了初次产溞的时间。经螺虫乙酯暴露后的F0代大型溞所产后代(F1代)对螺虫乙酯的耐药性降低,同时对F1代染毒组的初次产溞时间、初次产溞数和产胎数均有显著影响,但仅对F1代恢复组的体长有显著影响。综上所述,螺虫乙酯对大型溞具有一定的生殖毒性,并在一定程度上对大型溞的生长和繁殖能力具有抑制效应。 相似文献