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为明确鲳属鱼类的线粒体全基因组序列结构、寻找有效的种间鉴别分子标记,并剖析其系统发育信息,从而为鲳属鱼类的分类学、进化遗传学和种质鉴定提供参考依据,测定了鲳属5种鱼类(中国鲳Pampus chinensis、灰鲳P.cinereus、银鲳P.argenteus、珍鲳P.minor、翎鲳P.punctatissimus)的线粒体全基因组序列,并结合NCBI数据库中已有的鲳属鱼类线粒体全基因组序列进行分析。结果显示:1)鲳属线粒体基因组全序列长度在16 551 bp到18 062 bp之间,其基因组结构与大多数硬骨鱼类一致;比较特别的是,银鲳和镰鲳具有两个tRNAMet结构,珍鲳出现ND1基因重排以及两个重复的D-loop结构。2)银鲳与镰鲳的D-loop区出现重复CSB3结构,灰鲳与翎鲳D-loop区出现重复TAS结构。3)ND2基因条形码及其微型条形码均可将鲳属鱼类区分开,可作为有效的鲳属鉴别分子标记。4)东海区的银鲳与镰鲳应为同一物种,灰鲳可能为翎鲳的同物异名。 相似文献
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致病性虫草菌Cordyceps confragosa CHL02菌株是从患病河鲈(Perca fluviavilis)鱼体分离鉴定的一株昆虫致病菌,其无性阶段蜡蚧轮枝菌(Lecanicillium lecanii)广泛用于农业中昆虫防治。本研究基于Illumina PE150测序平台进行CHL02菌株的全基因组测序,对测序数据进行组装和组分分析,进行基因预测与功能注释,预测次级代谢产物合成基因簇,并进行病原宿主互作以及比较基因组分析。测序结果显示,CHL02基因组大小为36.17 Mb,GC含量为53.09%;预测包含8093个编码基因、1618个转座因子(TEs)、4572个串联重复序列及114个tRNA;共注释7724个基因,其中,1985个基因获得KOG注释,GO聚类分析中,2687个基因参与代谢过程,预测到22个次级代谢产物合成基因簇,1162个基因参与病原宿主互作机制中。基因聚类分析和系统发育树均显示,CHL02菌株与参考菌株昆虫源粗糙虫草菌(C. confragosa) RCEF 1005具有较高的同源性。本研究首次报道了河鲈源致病性虫草菌C. confragosa CHL02菌株的全基因组序列并分析其基本特征,与参考菌株进行比较基因组分析,为后续深入开展该病菌侵染河鲈的作用机制等相关研究奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2021,42(4)
致病性虫草菌Cordyceps confragosa CHL02菌株是从患病河鲈(Perca fluviavilis)鱼体分离鉴定的一株昆虫致病菌,其无性阶段蜡蚧轮枝菌(Lecanicillium lecanii)广泛用于农业中昆虫防治。本研究基于Illumina PE150测序平台进行CHL02菌株的全基因组测序,对测序数据进行组装和组分分析,进行基因预测与功能注释,预测次级代谢产物合成基因簇,并进行病原宿主互作以及比较基因组分析。测序结果显示,CHL02基因组大小为36.17 Mb,GC含量为53.09%;预测包含8093个编码基因、1618个转座因子(TEs)、4572个串联重复序列及114个t RNA;共注释7724个基因,其中,1985个基因获得KOG注释,GO聚类分析中,2687个基因参与代谢过程,预测到22个次级代谢产物合成基因簇,1162个基因参与病原宿主互作机制中。基因聚类分析和系统发育树均显示,CHL02菌株与参考菌株昆虫源粗糙虫草菌(C. confragosa) RCEF 1005具有较高的同源性。本研究首次报道了河鲈源致病性虫草菌C. confragosa CHL02菌株的全基因组序列并分析其基本特征,与参考菌株进行比较基因组分析,为后续深入开展该病菌侵染河鲈的作用机制等相关研究奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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亲缘生物法生物信息技术在水产基因研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用Entrez、SRS等检索工具可从GenBank、EMBL等核酸序列数据库、鱼类专业数据库获取相关水产动物的基因等信息,通过电子邮件或网页填表等方式用BLAST、FASTA等序列分析软件来分析获得的信息,以鳜鱼rRNA基因为例,根据鳜鱼的分类树,按种、属、科、亚目、目、总目追级向上寻找亲缘关系较近的其它鱼类的rRNA基因,直到找到有价值的rRNA基因序列。将有价值的rRNA基因序列拼接成重叠群,根据重叠群设计引物、克隆鳜鱼的rRNA基因,获得鳜鱼的3个rRNA基因及其间隔序列。为经济动物的基因研究建立了一种亲缘生物法的生物信息学技术。 相似文献
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开展鱼类核型分析对鱼类的遗传、变异、分类、系统演化、性别决定、杂交育种以及环境污染监测等研究具有重要意义.鲇形目鱼类在我国水产养殖中占有重要地位,同时也是研究鱼类染色体进化与性染色体分化的良好材料.本文综述了我国35种鲇形目鱼类及其杂交子一代和多倍体的核型研究进展,分析了不同类群中的核型特征,并对部分类群的染色体进化关... 相似文献
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The Neotropical freshwater fish fauna is very rich—according to the most recent catalogue 71 families and 4,475 species have
been described. However, only a small amount of general information is available on the composition of Neotropical marine
fishes. In Brazil, 1,298 marine species have been recorded. General analysis of available cytogenetic and population genetic
data clearly indicates research has been mainly concentrated on freshwater fishes. Thus, today, cytogenetic information is
available for 475 species of Characiformes, 318 species of Siluriformes, 48 species of Gymnotiformes, 199 freshwater species
that do not belong to the superorder Ostariophysi, and only 109 species of marine fishes. For the species studied, only about
6% have sex chromosomes and about 5% have supernumerary or B chromosomes. A review of the cytogenetic studies shows that these
data have provided valuable information about the relationships between fish groups, the occurrence of cryptic species and
species complexes, the mechanism of sex determination and sex chromosome evolution, the distribution of nucleolus organizer
regions, the existence supernumerary chromosomes, and the relationship between polyploidy and evolution. In relation to populations
in Neotropical marine waters, the studies have shown the presence of cryptic species, which has important implications for
fishery management. Different levels of genetic structuring can be found among Neotropical freshwater migratory fish species.
This raises important implications for fish population genetic diversity and consequently its sustainable utilization in inland
fisheries and aquaculture, specifically for conservation of ichthyo-diversity and survival. 相似文献
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A. J. Matty 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1986,2(1-4):141-150
A review is presented relating to the effects of hormones on food intake and nutritional state and also of the effects of food intake and nutritional state on hormone activity. These interactions and their effect on fish growth are described.Growth hormone, thyroid hormones, insulin, and gonadal steroids have all been implicated in the normal growth processes of fish and their metabolic actions have been related to the nutritional state of the animal. Furthermore, variations in plasma levels and hormone application appear to affect food intake and food conversion.Anabolic steroids and their possible involvement in aquaculture practice has been an area of active investigation for the past few years. The current situation is reviewed, particularly regarding relevance to protein intake. 相似文献
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团头鲂营养需求与健康研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
团头鲂是我国主要的大宗淡水养殖品种之一,其养殖规模在近10年不断扩大。团头鲂的营养物质需求主要以生长和营养缺乏症为评价指标。而营养物质对鱼类健康,如免疫反应和抗病力等影响的研究尚不充分。一般认为,饲料中营养物质搭配合理、品质优良有利于维持鱼类生理健康,并能保护养殖水环境。此外,一些营养物质如维生素,在鱼类的免疫机制中发挥重要作用。未来水产饲料应具有促进水产动物生长和维持健康的双重作用,通过营养调控预防鱼类疾病是保证水产养殖可持续发展的重要策略之一。本研究综述了团头鲂对蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素和矿物质营养需求的研究进展,以及饲料营养元素对团头鲂免疫力及抗病力影响的最新报道,以期为团头鲂高效配合饲料的开发提供科学参考。 相似文献
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Delbert M Gatlin III Frederic T Barrows Paul Brown Konrad Dabrowski T Gibson Gaylord Ronald W Hardy Eliot Herman Gongshe Hu Åshild Krogdahl Richard Nelson Kenneth Overturf Michael Rust Wendy Sealey Denise Skonberg Edward J Souza David Stone Rich Wilson & Eve Wurtele 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(6):551-579
Continued growth and intensification of aquaculture production depends upon the development of sustainable protein sources to replace fish meal in aquafeeds. This document reviews various plant feedstuffs, which currently are or potentially may be incorporated into aquafeeds to support the sustainable production of various fish species in aquaculture. The plant feedstuffs considered include oilseeds, legumes and cereal grains, which traditionally have been used as protein or energy concentrates as well as novel products developed through various processing technologies. The nutritional composition of these various feedstuffs are considered along with the presence of any bioactive compounds that may positively or negatively affect the target organism. Lipid composition of these feedstuffs is not specifically considered although it is recognized that incorporating lipid supplements in aquafeeds to achieve proper fatty acid profiles to meet the metabolic requirements of fish and maximize human health benefits are important aspects. Specific strategies and techniques to optimize the nutritional composition of plant feedstuffs and limit potentially adverse effects of bioactive compounds are also described. Such information will provide a foundation for developing strategic research plans for increasing the use of plant feedstuffs in aquaculture to reduce dependence of animal feedstuffs and thereby enhance the sustainability of aquaculture. 相似文献
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养殖鱼类脂肪肝成因及相关思考 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
养殖鱼类脂肪肝病,是困扰水产养殖业多年的广发性病害,虽经多年研究和防治实践,至今尚不能得到根本遏制。本文回顾了近年来在养殖鱼类脂肪肝研究领域的重要研究成果,从营养和饲料、养殖环境、鱼类生理特性、物种差异和遗传变异等5个方面系统总结了导致养殖鱼类肝脏脂肪过量累积的原因。在综述已有成果的基础上,分析了当前鱼类脂肪肝研究和防治实践中存在的可能误区,并结合自身多年在鱼类、哺乳动物和人类脂肪肝研究中的成果和经验,探讨了养殖鱼类脂肪肝发生的生物学机制,提出了"营养型脂肪肝"与"氧化型脂肪肝"的区分标准,揭示了当前鱼类脂肪肝防治的复杂性和困难性,并对今后鱼类脂肪肝研究和防治实践提出了具体的研究方向和防治策略。 相似文献
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《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1996,140(3):197-216
The technology is now in place for major advances in the genetics and cytogenetics of fishes at the molecular level. One promising method with broad application is fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Methodologies of FISH and the current and potential uses of these chromosomal techniques in fish genetics are reviewed. Highly repetitive ribosomal genes (rDNAs) and the multicopy genes for histones have been localized in several fish species and are providing new information on the evolution of salmonid genomes. Microdissection techniques such as those used to examine the Y chromosome of lake trout can produce paint probes useful in determining chromosomal arm homologies between closely related species. Repetitive sequences isolated from various fish species have been localized to centromeres, telomeres, and sex chromosomes. Some of these are currently being used as species-specific, chromosome-specific or sex-specific probes in aquaculture of fishes. Centromeric and telomeric probes have been used to examine intraspecific chromosome rearrangements such as the transposition of rDNA. Similarly, these types of probes could be used as genome markers for examining interspecific hybrids and in the study of nuclear organization (i.e. the spatial arrangement of chromosomes in interphase cells and gametes) Chromosome mapping of single copy genes, microsatellite loci and syntenic gene groups is now possible with FISH techniques and will be useful in isolating quantitative trait loci (QTL) of importance in aquaculture. 相似文献
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Mónica B. Betancor Aurelio Ortega Fernando de la Gándara Douglas R. Tocher Gabriel Mourente 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(2):493-516
The present study is the first to evaluate lipid metabolism in first-feeding Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT; Thunnus thynnus L.) larvae fed different live prey including enriched rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and Acartia sp. copepod nauplii from 2 days after hatch. Understanding the molecular basis of lipid metabolism and regulation in ABT will provide insights to optimize diet formulations for this high-value species new to aquaculture. To this end, we investigated the effect of dietary lipid on whole larvae lipid class and fatty acid compositions and the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism in first feeding ABT larvae fed different live prey. Additionally, the expression of lipid metabolism genes in tissues of adult broodstock ABT was evaluated. Growth and survival data indicated that copepods were the best live prey for first feeding ABT and that differences in growth performance and lipid metabolism observed between larvae from different year classes could be a consequence of broodstock nutrition. In addition, expression patterns of lipid metabolic genes observed in ABT larvae in the trials could reflect differences in lipid class and fatty acid compositions of the live prey. The lipid nutritional requirements, including essential fatty acid requirements of larval ABT during the early feeding stages, are unknown, and the present study represents a first step in addressing these highly relevant issues. However, further studies are required to determine nutritional requirements and understand lipid metabolism during development of ABT larvae and to apply the knowledge to the commercial culture of this iconic species. 相似文献
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在水产养殖中,抗生素是用来治疗细菌性疾病最有用的药物。但近些年的研究发现,过度使用抗生素,反而诱导产生了一系列带有抗性基因的致病菌,严重制约了水产养殖业的发展。本文以近15年来国内外相关研究的文献为依据,概括介绍了抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的产生及其传播途径、ARGs污染的危害性、国内外ARGs污染研究现状及加强ARGs污染研究的必要性等4个方面的研究进展,围绕抗性基因的检测、ARGs的传播、扩散及作用机制和控制、消除ARGs的方法等方面进行了后续研究重点的展望,以期为我国水产养殖行业的可持续发展提供依据。 相似文献