共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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随机扩增多态性DNA(Random AmplifiedPolymorphism DNA,RAPD),是Williams等于1990年发展起来的以PCR为基础的新型分子标记技术。基本原理是:利用一系列(通常数百个)不同碱基序列的随机引物(8～10bp)对基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,通过凝胶电泳分析扩增产物DNA片段的多态性。其中,每个扩增片段代表基因组上的一个位点,这些扩增片段多态性反映了基因组相应区域DNA多态性。RAPD所用一系列引物DNA序列各不相同,每一特定引物,在基因组DNA上都有其特定的结合位点;如果基因组在这些区域发生DNA片段插入、缺失或碱基突变,特定结合位点的… 相似文献
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通过白菜型油菜‘R-O-18’和菜薹‘L58’的基因组重测序数据与白菜基因组的参考序列（‘Chiifu-401-42’的基因组序列）的比对,在全基因组范围内检测到了18 479 个短插入缺失变异位点（≤5 bp）。从中挑选了500 个插入/缺失片段为4 ~ 5 bp 的InDel 变异位点,将其设计成InDel 分子标记并进行试验验证,结果有452 个标记通过PCR 扩增出单一条带,但仅有106 个在‘R-O-18’和‘L58’间表现出多态性,346 个没有多态性,48 个在PCR 中没有扩增。亲本间具有多态性的106 个InDel 标记可用来检测以‘R-O-18’和‘L58’为亲本构建的RILs 基因型,并构建了一张包含99 个标记的遗传连锁图谱。 相似文献
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越橘叶片转录组SSR发掘及其多态性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对高丛越橘品种‘布里吉塔’叶片转录组序列进行了简单重复序列（SSR）位点搜索和分析,发现了22 058个SSR位点,总发生频率为21.32%。SSR重复类型以二核苷酸发生频率最高（77.70%）,三核苷酸次之（21.45%）。选用53对SSR引物在8个越橘属植物中进行PCR扩增,筛选出15对条带清晰且能稳定扩增的SSR核心引物。使用核心引物对39份越橘属种质进行分析,有效等位基因数最大值为7.11（VcSSR19）,最小值为1.41（VcSSR41）,平均值为3.90。香农多样性指数变化范围是0.64 ~ 2.31,平均值为1.55。观察杂合度和期望杂合度的变化范围分别是0.050 ~ 0.900和0.293 ~ 0.870,平均值分别为0.457和0.677。使用5对引物可以完全区分39份种质中的38份。南高丛越橘品种‘莱格西’和‘蓝雨’与蔓越橘品种、越橘属野生种具有更近的亲缘关系,是与野生种进行杂交育种的合适种质。 相似文献
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选取6个茎瘤芥品种为试材,在芸薹属SSR公共引物中初筛获得引物的基础上,选择9对条带清晰、表现稳定的多态性引物,利用SSR荧光标记技术开展了茎瘤芥品种SSR分子标记的差异性研究,初步构建了品种的分子身份证。结果表明,共筛选到7对多态性引物,检测到20个等位位点,平均每对引物2.2个;扩增得到20个带型,平均每对引物2.2个,扩增片段长度在126～397 bp;构建了6个茎瘤芥品种的分子身份证,并进行了合理区分;在分子水平上,浙江品种间差异最为显著,浙渝两地品种差异次之,重庆品种间差异最小,但各品种均拥有独立身份代码,研究结果为茎瘤芥品种资源的鉴定、亲缘关系分析、遗传基础研究等各项工作提供了依据。 相似文献
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罗田甜柿Ty1-copia类逆转座子RNaseH-LTR序列的分离和特性分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
逆转座子序列信息的获得,对了解其在基因组中的行为及系统学研究有重要价值。本试验从罗田甜柿（Diospyros kaki Thunb. 'Luotian-tianshi'）基因组中分离31个RNaseH-LTR（Long Terminal Repeat,长末端重复）序列,并利用IRAP（Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism,逆转座子间扩增多态性）技术对部分序列相应的逆转座子家族在柿属植物中的转座活性及分布情况进行初步探讨。序列分析结果表明,至少有10个Ty1-copia类逆转座子家族得到扩增;其家族间普遍表现高度异质,碱基替换、插入或缺失突变,以及翻译成氨基酸后发生不同程度的终止密码子突变、氨基酸取代和移框突变等,是产生高异质性的原因;此外,其家族内部某些序列间的相似性极高,可能是寄主基因组与逆转座子间互惠关系的体现。应用部分逆转座子引物的IRAP分析结果表明,相应的逆转座子家族在柿属植物中普遍存在,其分布广泛,拷贝数高,转座活性强,具有进一步开发为多种逆转座子分子标记的潜力。 相似文献
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牡丹Ty3-gypsy 类反转录转座子反转录酶序列的克隆及分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据Ty3-gypsy反转录转座子反转录酶的保守序列设计简并引物,从中原牡丹（Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews）品种‘洛阳红’和野生种卵叶牡丹（Paeonia qiui Y. L. Pei et D. Y. Hong）中扩增出430 bp左右的目标片段。目的条带经回收、克隆、测序及相关生物信息学软件进行序列分析后,获得了13条来自牡丹的Ty3-gypsy反转录转座子反转录酶序列。这些核苷酸序列具有较高的异质性,主要表现为缺失突变,序列长度变化范围为412 ~ 446 bp,同源性范围为71.5% ~ 94.8%。翻译成氨基酸后,有12条序列出现1 ~ 9个不同程度的终止密码子突变,3条序列出现移框突变。其核苷酸序列经过系统聚类后可分为6个家族。将其氨基酸序列与已登录的不同物种Ty3-gypsy反转录转座子反转录酶的氨基酸序列进行聚类分析,结果表明与其他植物具有较高的同源性,表明它们间可能存在着Ty3-gypsy反转录转座子的横向传递。 相似文献
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柑橘CAPS 标记和AS-PCR 引物的开发 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以从GenBank中下载的93 955条甜橙[Citrus sinensis（L.）Osbeck]EST序列为源序列,利用QualitySNP软件包从中挖掘出1 521个单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）候选位点。进一步利用酶切位点查找软件WatCut进行分析,发现其中125个SNP为酶切扩增多态性序列（cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences,CAPS）位点。随机挑选40个CAPS候选位点设计引物,对12个含多种类型的柑橘品种进行分型,以此验证各标记的有效性。同时,还挑选了25个经生物信息学预测可导致其编码蛋白氨基酸序列改变的SNP位点,分别设计出一组等位基因特异PCR（allele specific PCR,AS-PCR）引物,以6个不同类型柑橘品种的DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,扩增产物采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测,筛选多态性引物。结果显示,40个CAPS候选位点中有26个位点具有酶切扩增多态性,且分型结果稳定,可作为CAPS标记。此外,还筛选获得15组在不同柑橘品种间检测到多态性的AS-PCR引物,重复性好,可有效用于柑橘品种的SNP分型。 相似文献
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以菊花品种‘秋水长流’DNA为试材,利用简并引物对菊花品种‘秋水长流’的DNA进行PCR扩增,对条带进行回收、克隆、测序,并通过生物信息学方法对获得的序列进行了碱基序列分析、同源性分析及聚类分析,以期为进一步探索反转录转座子在菊花遗传多样性形成中的作用奠定基础。结果表明:得到了一条230bp左右的目的条带。28条来自菊花的Ty1-copia反转录转座子反转录酶序列长度变化范围为207～232bp,GC与AT比例为1.06～1.63,同源性范围为25.3%～99.1%。其核苷酸序列经过系统聚类分析后可分为4个家族。所有氨基酸序列出现2～13个不同程度的终止密码子突变。并且将核苷酸序列与NCBI中已登录的不同物种Ty1-copia类反转录转座子反转录酶的核苷酸序列进行聚类分析。在菊花中得到4个家族的Ty1-copia类反转录转座子反转录酶序列在长度、碱基变化上的表现是不完全一致的,且序列同源性上存在多态性。系统进化树分析的结果表明,获得序列与其它植物中的Ty1-copia类反转录转座子反转录酶序列具有较高的同源性。菊花中的Ty1-copia类反转录转座子反转录酶序列间具有较高的异质性。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(4):31-38
Abstract Growing fruits and vegetables in plastic tunnels is known to accelerate maturity and protect quality. There are several studies on highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) that demonstrate the ability of row covers to advance or delay crop maturity depending on how they are manipulated. Accelerating or delaying harvest time can prove to be very lucrative for producers. However, before producers start putting plastic tunnels over their crops it is important to know how blueberry cultivars will behave when grown under plastic. Six cultivars of southern highbush blueberry and eight cultivars of northern highbush blueberry were grown in a high hoop plastic tunnel for two seasons. Blueberry plants were grown under plastic from February 1 until their harvest was completed each year. After harvest, the plastic covering over the hoops was removed to help the blueberry plants develop fruit buds and meet winter chill requirements. On February 1 the plastic covering was returned to the high hoop tunnel after chilling requirements were met. As expected, fruit maturity dates were 1-3 weeks earlier for all the highbush blueberries grown inside the tunnel versus the same cultivars grown outside. The difference in maturity dates between cultivars grown under plastic and outside did change from one year to the next because of variation in the weather. Despite potential for poor pollination of blueberries in plastic tunnels, yields were significantly enhanced for four cultivars when grown under plastic tunnels. ‘Toro’, ‘Nui’, ‘Legacy’, and ‘Misty’ showed yield gains ranging from 1 to 4 times when grown under a plastic tunnel. Seed numbers per fruit were not significantly impacted by growing plants inside our tunnel. 相似文献
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以8个核桃品种叶片为材料,利用ISSR技术,从100条ISSR引物中筛选出2条对8份DNA进行PCR扩增,共扩增位点34个,其中多态位点24个(比例达70.58%),构建出8个核桃品种的数字化指纹图谱。以NTSYSpc2.1软件计算品种指纹图谱的相似系数(GS)并进行(UPGMA)聚类分析,样品间的GS在0.54～0.94之间,在GS=0.64处将8个核桃品种分成2组:第一组母本为‘扎343’(1号),矮化品种有‘新温724’(4号)和‘新温908’(5号);第二组母本为‘新早丰’(2号),矮化品种有‘新温609’(3号)、‘新温915’(6号)、‘新温916’(7号)和‘新温917’(8号),与田间表现基本一致。 相似文献
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不同山楂品种亲缘关系的RAPD分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为探讨山楂品种间的亲缘关系,采用RAPD技术对20个不同品种的山楂材料进行了基因组DNA多态性分析。从120个引物中筛选出15个10bp的随机引物对所选山楂品种的DNA样品进行PCR扩增,共得到216条谱带,177条表现多态性,多态性比率达81.9%,其中包含27条特异性谱带,揭示了山楂植物丰富的遗传多样性。且利用NTSYS软件和UPGMA法对扩增结果进行了品种间相似系数的计算及聚类分析,结果表明相似系数在0.71～0.87,实生楂与其他山楂品种亲缘关系较远。 相似文献
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Andrzej Pedryc Szabolcs Ruthner Rita Hermán Boris Krska Attila Hegedűs Júlia Halász 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Eight polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers located in the G1 linkage group of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) were previously developed and evaluated in a small set of cultivars. Those primers were used for studying variability in 77 apricot cultivars belonging to five different geographical groups, such as Chinese, Asian (Irano-Caucasian and Central Asian), North American, Mediterranean and Western European as well as Middle European cultivars. Six of the markers were polymorphic and revealed a total of 71 alleles ranging from 5 (aprigms11) to 20 (aprigms1) alleles per locus with a mean value of 11.83 alleles per locus. In conclusion, the SSR loci located in the G1 linkage group show a level of polymorphism which is similar to loci dispersed throughout the entire genome. The total number of alleles and the number of unique alleles were the highest in Chinese apricots and the lowest in Middle European cultivars. Heterozygosity also showed a decrease from Asia and China to Middle Europe. No association could have been observed between any SSR markers tested and plum pox virus (PPV) resistant phenotype of cultivars. PPV resistant cultivars did not form a separate clade on the dendrogram obtained by UPGMA cluster analysis. Middle European and Chinese cultivars formed separate clusters while other genotypes formed smaller multiple sub-groups or scattered among different clusters. Our results support previous hypotheses on the origin of PPV resistance in North American apricots. The allele data was also presented in a form that allowed the easy observation of allele frequencies in each geographical group at each locus. Using this data field, differences and similarities between cultivar groups can be easily assessed. The analysis demonstrated the links between the North American and Mediterranean apricot germplasm and confirmed that the Chinese and Eastern European cultivars are distantly related. 相似文献
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A. Omrani-Sabbaghi M. Shahriari M. Falahati-Anbaran S.A. Mohammadi A. Nankali M. Mardi B. Ghareyazie 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
To study the genetic variation in Iranian olive collections and some foreign olive cultivars, 47 accessions of 18 local cultivars from 6 olive collections of Iran (Roudbar, Zanjan, Ahvaz, Dezful, Kazeroon and Shiraz), were analyzed along with 30 imported cultivars using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. All the used microsatellite loci revealed polymorphism in the studied genotypes, except GAPU14 and GAPU113 markers. Fourteen microsatellite primers amplified 126 polymorphic alleles in the 87 selected olive accessions. The average number of alleles per locus was 9, ranging from 3 to 14. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.85. The genetic similarity based on Jaccard coefficient ranged from 0.15 to 1. The genetic relationships among accessions were investigated using cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Most of the accessions with the same name were grouped together; some exceptions were also observed. As expected, close relationship was observed among accessions within same cultivar. Most of the Iranian olive accessions were clustered to a main distinct group. Two-dimensional scatter plot of principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of most of the Iranian olives from Syrian and other introduced cultivars. These suggest that Iranian cultivars have different origin related to West Mediterranean basin cultivars and have evolved independently from the others. Between and within Iranian and foreign cultivars (cultivars including three or more accessions) genetic diversity was analyzed using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). AMOVA revealed higher within cultivar genetic variation (62.76%) as compare to that between cultivar variations (37.24%). The intra- and inter-cultivar variance tested by permutation test showed significant genetic variation at both levels. The high level within cultivar genetic variance could be due to mislabeling and presence of homonyms in cultivars produced by vegetative propagation from original plants. 相似文献
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高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性综合评价 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
为研究高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应并筛选具有较强抗旱能力的品种,同时确定基于生理指标的隶属函数分析对于筛选蓝莓抗干旱品种的可行性,分别以北高丛蓝莓中的‘布里吉塔’、‘斯巴坦’以及南高丛蓝莓中的‘夏普蓝’、‘奥尼尔’4 个品种为材料,在人工控水模拟水分胁迫条件下,测定叶片相对含水量、电导率、丙二醛含量、H2O2 含量与 产生速率、Fv/Fm 以及叶片气孔特性等生理生化指标的变化,并采用隶属函数法进行综合评价。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,4 个蓝莓品种叶片的相对含水量、Fv/Fm、气孔开放率和气孔大小均呈下降趋势,而相对电导率、丙二醛含量、H2O2 含量与产生速率以及气孔密度则呈上升趋势。4 个高丛蓝莓品种的抗旱性强弱顺序为奥尼尔 > 夏普蓝 > 布里吉塔 > 斯巴坦,大田干旱试验验证了基于生理指标的隶属函数分析对于蓝莓抗旱品种的筛选的准确性及可靠性。 相似文献
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应用RAPD分析新疆主要梨品种的遗传关系 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
利用RAPD分析了新疆18个梨品种间的亲缘关系。从160个随机十聚体引物中筛选出12条RAPD引物。18份材料共扩增133条带,平均每条引物扩增约11条带,其中14条带为所有材料的共有带,有119个多态性位点,占总带数的89.47%,Nei相似系数为0.5～0.923。用PHYLIP构建MP树,认为(1)对选用的形态学经典分类已较明确的新疆梨、白梨、砂梨、西洋梨、秋子梨,RAPD分析数据完全与其相符;(2)几个芽变品种间高度相似;(3)杂种新梨1号与砀山梨、杂种新梨6号与香梨、杂种早酥梨与苹果梨分别并类;(4)苹果梨独立于供试的5个种之外;(5)库尔勒香梨归属于新疆梨。 相似文献
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True-to-type propagules in half-high, highbush, and hybrid blueberries (Vaccinium L. spp.) were produced using stationary (SB) and temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB) systems containing a liquid medium. Multiple shoots were produced in vitro from nodal segments of blueberry cultivars ‘St. Cloud’ and ‘Polaris’, and of six blueberry hybrids obtained from crossing between half-high/highbush and lowbush blueberries. Shoot proliferation was best in a liquid medium containing 4.6 µM zeatin in both TIB and SB systems, but the performance was genotype dependent. Shoot proliferation was better in hybrids than in cultivars. Although SB produced longer shoots with more leaves per shoot in most of the genotypes, TIB-derived shoots were more vigorous and rooted better under ex vitro condition. Liquid culture-derived elongated shoots were rooted ex vitro by treating with indole-3-butyric acid (39.4 mM) before planting on a 3 peat:2 perlite (v/v) medium. Micropropagules were acclimatized and maintained in a greenhouse with 80?90% survival rate of rooted plantlets. Expressed sequence tag (EST)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and EST- and genomic-simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker assay formed a homogenous monomorphic banding pattern in the in vitro-derived and donor control plants proving the clonal fidelity of liquid-culture-derived micropropagated plants. 相似文献