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饲粮油脂对蛋鸡生产性能、血清脂质含量和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
选用90只50周龄海蓝褐壳蛋鸡,随机分成5组。5组饲粮中分别添加使用2%棕榈油(对照组,2%PO)、2%亚麻油(2%LO)、4%亚麻油(4%LO)、4%鱼油(4%FO)、4%火麻仁油(4%HO),研究不同油脂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋黄中脂肪酸组成和血清胆固醇等脂质含量的影响。结果表明:(1)4%亚麻油组鸡产蛋率较对照组提高,差异显著(P<0.05),4%鱼油组和2%亚麻油组产蛋率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)与对照组比较,随着饲粮亚麻油用量的增加,蛋黄中α亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量增加(P<0.05);4%鱼油组蛋黄中EPA和DHA含量增加(P<0.05);4%火麻仁油组蛋黄中亚油酸(LA)和ALA的含量增加(P<0.05)。(3)饲粮中不同油脂影响蛋黄中n6/n3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比值,亚麻油、鱼油、火麻仁油能降低n6/n3PUFA比值(P<0.05)。(4)不同油脂对血清脂质含量无显著的影响(P>0.05),但亚麻油、鱼油、火麻仁油有降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯的含量,提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度的趋势。 相似文献
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选取仙居地区450~500日龄阶梯式笼养、山林地散养、草地散养鸡蛋各20枚,比较和分析鸡蛋感官品质和营养成分。从鸡蛋重量来看,山林地散养鸡蛋显著高于笼养和草地散养鸡蛋;从蛋黄颜色、哈氏单位、蛋壳强度来看,草地散养鸡蛋显著高于笼养和山林地散养鸡蛋;从营养成分胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量来看,笼养鸡蛋最高,山林地散养鸡蛋最低;从不饱和脂肪酸含量、ω3系列含量和ω6/ω3比值来看,草地散养鸡蛋和山林地散养鸡蛋均好于笼养鸡蛋,且草地散养鸡蛋最优。结果表明,草地散养鸡蛋品质优于笼养鸡蛋,尤其是消费者偏好的蛋黄颜色、哈氏单位以及对人体起保健作用的不饱和脂肪酸和ω3系列脂肪酸含量;山林地散养鸡蛋品质略逊色于草地散养鸡蛋,但其蛋品质和营养成分整体均优于笼养鸡蛋。 相似文献
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用该课题组中试生产的菹草颗粒饲料(红色素含量20.59mg/kg)做了蛋鸭喂养试验,以考察它对生产红心蛋性能(着色效果、产蛋率、平均蛋重)的影响.试验设置4个组、15d,菹草颗粒添加量为0(对照组)、15%、20%和25%,分别与100%、85%、80%和75%的普通蛋鸭配合饲料混合组成试验饲料.结果表明在一定范围内,菹草颗粒的添加量与红心蛋的平均色度(罗氏色度,下同)及15度以上红心蛋所占的比例呈现一定的量效关系;其中将20%的菹草颗粒与80%的普通蛋鸭配合饲料混合组成的饲料综合效果最好,喂养第4d即使蛋黄平均色度由对照的7度上升到15度,其差异达到极显著水平(p＜0.01),并随喂养天数增加其蛋黄色度平均值保持在15度以上,喂养13、14d时15度以上红心蛋占所产蛋总数的80%,并全部达到14度以上;该试验组饲料的平均产蛋率为96.2%,与对照组比较没有显著差别;该试验组饲料可显著增加平均蛋重(p＜0.05).对菹草粉、菹草颗粒及试验优选的红心蛋颗粒饲料进行了理化和营养成分检测,结果表明菹草粉的粗蛋白含量为13.36%、总类胡萝卜素的含量为463.1mg/kg,两者都大大高于玉米,而粗蛋白与小麦麸相近;菹草颗粒的主要成分含量分别为干物质90.05%、粗蛋白12.96%、粗脂肪4.36%、粗纤维4.75%、无氮浸出物54.16%、粗灰分13.82%、钙1.72%、总磷0.24%,与菹草粉比较,其粗蛋白含量相近,粗纤维下降一半多,粗灰分下降近40%,粗脂肪和无氮浸出物都明显提高,其营养成分更趋向合理;红心蛋颗粒饲料的主要指标基本符合部颁标准(SB/T 10262-1996生长鸭、产蛋鸭、肉用仔鸭配合饲料)的要求.由于菹草粉和菹草颗粒含有多种营养成分,具有较全面的营养价值,特别是它含较高的蛋白质、类胡萝卜素及其它维生素,这可能是菹草饲料在快速有效地提高蛋黄色度的同时、又能促进蛋鸭生长、增加蛋重、维持较高产蛋率的重要原因.试验证明菹草颗粒饲料的研制开发是成功的,它配置使用灵活方便,具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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为探讨天然保健植物对蛋雏鸡公鸡生长性能的效果,采用配对试验设计,选用体重基本一致的2 000羽21日龄金凤蛋雏鸡公鸡为试验动物,分为对照组、试验组两组,每组5个重复,每个重复200羽。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组以2%油焙复合天然保健植物饲料替代对照饲粮,测定指标包括采食量、日增重、料重比、成活率。结果显示:两组采食量差异不显著;整个试验期试验组较对照组增重提高了8.03%,差异显著(P0.05);料重比较对照组低6.36%,差异显著(P0.05);成活率高于对照组6.43%(P0.05)。由此可见,金凤蛋鸡公鸡饲粮添加2%油焙复合天然保健植物饲料(油焙青蒿茎叶、油焙金荞麦茎叶、油焙茶叶、油焙鱼腥草叶的比例为30∶30∶30∶10),可显著改善蛋雏鸡生长性能,提高采食量和日增重,降低料重比、提高饲料利用率,提高成活率。 相似文献
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选用56周龄新扬州鸡产蛋鸡600只,按2×2完全随机设计分为4组,分别饲喂不同钙磷水平(高钙低磷、高钙高磷、低钙低磷、低钙高磷)的玉米-豆粕型日粮,每组5个重复。用放免技术测定鸡蛋鸡内分泌变化,双能X射线测定鸡骨密度差别,并用扫描电镜观察鸡骨超微结构的区别,以对不同钙磷水平日粮下笼养蛋鸡骨代谢情况进行比较研究。结果显示,高钙高磷组产蛋率显著高于两低钙组(P<0.05);高钙高磷组雌二醇(E2)、胰岛素促生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平显著高于低钙低磷组(P<0.05);骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、降钙素(CT)各组间差异不显著;高钙高磷组胫骨指数极显著高于低钙低磷组(P<0.01);骨超微结构也明显优于低钙低磷组。研究表明,钙磷互作对笼养蛋鸡骨代谢有明显影响。日粮钙磷水平分别为3.5%和0.32%,两者比例约11∶1时,笼养蛋鸡生产性能、内分泌水平及骨密度最佳,骨超微结构最为理想。 相似文献
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选取2 8日龄、体重相近的合浦灰鹅6 0只,随机分为3组,每组2 0只(1 0公,1 0母),饲粮(精料)粗蛋白质(CP)分别为12.50%(第1组),15.80%(第2组)和17.83%(第3组)。采用精料 青料(黑麦草等)混合方式饲喂,进行两阶段为期42 d的饲养试验。5周龄和9周龄时从饲养试验3个组中各选取4只体重接近的试鹅,测定鹅对饲粮(精料 青料)养分的代谢率。结果表明:(1)生长前期(28~49日龄),第2组日增重较高,但组间差异不显著;饲粮粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、半纤维素和无氮浸出物(NFE)的代谢率显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。(2)生长后期(50~70日龄)第1组日增重较高,但组间差异不显著;干物质(DM)、CP、EE的代谢率显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);粗纤维(CF)代谢率显著高于第2组(P<0.05)而与第3组无显著差异。(3)血清尿素氮含量随饲粮CP水平的降低而下降(P<0.05);血清转氨酶活性、脂类和脂蛋白含量等组间无显著差异;(4)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对肉鹅屠宰性能无显著影响。 相似文献
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大豆黄酮对产蛋鸡生产性能、血液指标及激素分泌的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选用44周龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡208只,随机分为4组,分别在基础日粮中添加大豆黄酮0、5、10和15mg/kg,研究了日粮中添加不同水平大豆黄酮对不同时期产蛋鸡生产性能及相关激素水平、血液生化指标及激素分泌的影响。结果表明:添加大豆黄酮在试验各期均可以提高产蛋率、改善料蛋比,15mg/kg组可以显著提高日产蛋量;10和15mg/kg组可以显著提高游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)水平,极显著提高游离甲状腺素(FT4)水平;5mg/kg组极显著降低血清IGF-1含量,15mg/kg组极显著提高血清IGF-1含量,各处理组血清胰岛素水平均极显著高于对照组;随着大豆黄酮添加量的增加,血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖、血清尿酸呈递减趋势。大豆黄酮可以明显改善44-56周龄海兰褐蛋鸡的生产性能、内分泌激素水平,并降低血液中胆固醇含量。 相似文献
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在内蒙古贝加尔针茅草原,分别设对照(N0)、1.5 g·m-2(N15)、3.0 g·m-2(N30)、5.0 g·m-2(N50)、10.0 g·m-2(N100)、15.0 g·m-2(N150)、20.0 g·m-2(N200)和30g·m-2(N300)(不包括大气沉降的氮量)8个氮素(NH4NO3)梯度和模拟夏季增加降水100 mm的水分添加交互试验,研究氮素和水分添加对草原土壤养分、酶活性及微生物量碳氮的影响。结果表明:氮素和水分添加对草原土壤理化性质和生物学特性有显著影响。随施氮量的增加土壤总有机碳、全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮含量呈增加的趋势,相反,土壤pH值呈降低的趋势。土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶的活性随施氮量的增加而升高,多酚氧化酶则随施氮量的增加呈下降的趋势。氮素和水分添加对草原土壤微生物量碳氮含量有显著影响,高氮处理(N150、N200和N300)显著降低了微生物碳含量,微生物氮含量随施氮量的增加呈上升趋势。水分添加能够减缓氮素添加对微生物的抑制作用,提高微生物量碳、微生物量氮含量。草原土壤养分、土壤酶活性及土壤微生物量碳氮含量间关系密切,过氧化氢酶与全氮、总有机碳、硝态氮呈显著正相关,多酚氧化酶与铵态氮、硝态氮、全氮呈显著负相关。微生物量氮含量与土壤全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮含量以及过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶活性呈显著正相关,与多酚氧化酶呈负相关;微生物量碳与过氧化氢酶呈负相关,与多酚氧化酶活性呈正相关。 相似文献
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为进一步提高咸鸭蛋品质,以鸭蛋为原料,分析不同腌制条件对蛋黄中脂质存在形式、脂质氧化速率的影响。结果表明,在腌制过程中,随着腌制温度的升高、腌制时间的延长,蛋黄指数、脂质含量、蛋黄皂化值均显著增加(P0.05);腌制用盐量对蛋黄中脂质的皂化值有显著的促进作用(P0.05)。在腌制液食盐质量分数为20%~30%时,升高腌制温度对蛋黄中脂质二次氧化(硫代巴比妥酸值thiobarbituric acid,TBARS)有显著促进作用(P0.05),在腌制30 d后,TBARS无显著变化;并且在试验条件下,提高腌制用盐量能显著提高蛋黄中的TBARS(P0.05);动力学分析表明,增加食盐用量能够降低蛋黄中脂质初始氧化反应的活化能,从而促进脂质氧化。因此,通过调整腌制用盐量及腌制温度能够实现对咸鸭蛋蛋黄中脂质氧化的调控,由此得出咸鸭蛋较好的腌制条件为腌制温度25℃、腌制用盐量25 g/(100 g)、腌制时间为25 d,该研究结果可以为咸鸭蛋的腌制生产提供技术参考。 相似文献
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Laying hens were fed a control diet alone or with 0.06 g of atorvastatin, a synthetic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, per 100 g of diet for 20 days. Compared to controls, egg yolks from treated hens contained greater amounts of amino acids and reduced levels of total fatty acids and cholesterol. In contrast, egg albumen amino acid contents were unaffected by dietary treatments. In a residue study, seven hens each received a single oral dose of approximately 20 microCi of [(14)C]atorvastatin. Approximately 71% of the radioactivity was recovered in the excreta and liver, whereas virtually no radioactivity was detected in kidney, heart, muscle, bile, plasma, or egg albumen at 15 days postdosing. Yolk radioactivity peaked at 4 days postdosing in six of the seven birds and was absent in eggs laid after day 10. Reminiscent of that of certain antibiotic drugs, the atorvastatin egg residue pattern appeared to coincide with the physiological pattern of daily yolk accretion within the ovary. 相似文献
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Pan C Zhao Y Liao SF Chen F Qin S Wu X Zhou H Huang K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(21):11424-11431
A 35-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of selenium-enriched probiotics (SP) on laying performance, egg quality, egg selenium (Se) content, and egg glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity. Five hundred 58-week-old Rohman laying hens were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments of 100 each. Each treatment had 5 replicates, and each replicate had 5 cages with 4 hens per cage. The SP was supplemented to a corn-soybean-meal basal diet at 3 different levels that supplied total Se at 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg. The basal diet served as a blank control, while the basal diet with supplemental probiotics served as a probiotics control. The results showed that dietary SP supplementation not only increased (p < 0.05) the rate of egg laying, day egg weight, mean egg weight, egg Se content, and egg GPX activity but also decreased (p < 0.05) the feed:egg ratio and egg cholesterol content. The egg Se content was gradually increased (p < 0.05) along with the increasing level of dietary Se. The SP supplementation also slowed down (p < 0.05) the drop of Haugh units (HU) of eggs stored at room temperature. The egg GPX activity had a positive correlation (p < 0.01) with egg Se content and a negative correlation (p < 0.01) with egg HU drop. These results suggested that Se contents, GPX activity, and HU of eggs were affected by the dietary Se level, whereas the egg-laying performance and egg cholesterol content were affected by the dietary probiotics. It was concluded that this SP is an effective feed additive that combines the organic Se benefit for hen and human health with the probiotics benefit for laying hen production performance. It was also suggested that the eggs from hens fed this SP can serve as a nutraceutical food with high Se and low cholesterol contents for both healthy people and patients with hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, or cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
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Effect of dietary lipid-lowering drugs upon plasma lipids and egg yolk cholesterol levels of laying hens. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
To evaluate the effect of lipid-lowering agents upon egg quality, reproductive performance, plasma lipids, and egg yolk cholesterol levels, 30-week-old Shaver laying hens were fed a basal diet (commercial ration) supplemented with 0.1% probucol (PROB), 0.025% gemfibrozil (GEMF), or lovastatin at 0.0005% (LOV1), 0.001% (LOV2), or 0.0015% (LOV3) for a 12-week experimental period. It was observed that the supplementation of the drugs did not impair albumen and shell quality. Hen performance was not adversely affected. The depression in triglyceride concentrations approached statistical significance only in LOV2 (38.5%), and total cholesterol was significantly depressed in LOV2 (36.0%), LOV3 (36.8%), PROB (29.6%), and GEMF (30.4%) treatments. Egg cholesterol content, expressed per gram of yolk, was significant lowered in LOV1 (7.5%) and LOV3 (12. 7%). 相似文献
14.
Geuns JM Malheiros RD Moraes VM Decuypere EM Compernolle F Buyse JG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(4):1095-1101
In intubation experiments (643-1168 mg per animal), most of the stevioside administered to chickens was recovered unchanged in the excreta, and only about 2% was converted into steviol. Neither stevioside nor steviol could be found in the blood. In chronic studies (667 mg of stevioside/kg of feed) with laying hens and meat-type chickens, no significant differences were found in feed uptake, weight gain, and feed conversion as the result of stevioside administration. The egg production and egg composition of laying hens were not influenced. Most of the stevioside taken up was found untransformed in the excreta, and about 21.5% or 7.3% was converted to steviol by meat-type chickens or laying hens, respectively. No stevioside or steviol could be detected in the blood or in the eggs of the different groups of animals. In anaerobic incubation experiments with chicken excreta, only a 20% conversion of stevioside into steviol was found. No harmful effects were observed in the chronic stevioside supplementation experiments nor in the intubation experiments in which very high stevioside doses were given. 相似文献
15.
以樱桃番茄"千禧"为供试材料,采用大田小区试验的方法,研究了膜下滴灌条件下富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配比(每667 m2分别施50 kg复合肥(F1),500 kg富硒高钙有机肥+25 kg复合肥(F2),1 000 kg富硒高钙有机肥(F3))和灌水量(100%灌水量(W1)和80%灌水量(W2))对番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明:(1)富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配施,比使用同量氮磷钾的富硒高钙有机肥或复合肥,产量都显著提高;(2)随着富硒高钙有机肥施肥量比例的增加,番茄果实中硒含量、番茄红素含量、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量均显著增加;(3)滴灌可以有效提高水分利用效率,80%灌水量在产量降低不显著的情况下,番茄果实中硒的含量和果实品质均有不同程度的提高。因此,膜下滴灌80%灌水量时,富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配施(各占50%)在保证果实品质和硒含量达到富硒农产品标准的同时,产量达到最佳。 相似文献
16.
垄作小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和间套作技术是我国华北地区农业生产中的重要种植模式之一。本研究结合华北地区严重缺水的实际, 以平作小麦、垄作小麦作为复种模式中冬小麦的对照, 平作菠菜(Spinaciaoleracea L.)复种番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Miller)为复种模式中菠菜和番茄的对照(平作采用漫灌, 起垄栽培作物均采用沟内灌水), 研究了垄作小麦间作菠菜复种1 季番茄这一间套模式中冬小麦的产量和水分利用效率。结果表明, 垄作小麦及垄作小麦间作菠菜复种番茄比平作小麦减产11%, 减产是由于没能充分发挥边际效应而使得穗数降低。3 种模式的水分利用效率比较表明, 平作小麦水分利用效率最高, 其次是垄作小麦, 间套作条件下的垄作小麦水分利用效率最低。垄作小麦的水分利用效率低于平作小麦, 是因为冬小麦对沟内水分利用不充分, 而试验中降水、灌溉水主要存留于沟内。在垄作小麦沟内套种菠菜, 获得了与单作菠菜相同的产量, 说明冬小麦不影响菠菜产量。收获菠菜后接茬移栽番茄, 移栽时间应尽量后移, 可减少共生期, 便于田间管理和番茄生长。小麦、菠菜、番茄间作套种, 如果品种选择合理、时机恰当, 可以在小麦等粮食作物不减产的情况下, 增收2 茬蔬菜。 相似文献
17.
Effect of dietary daidzein on egg production, shell quality, and gene expression of ER-alpha, GH-R, and IGF-IR in shell glands of laying hens 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ni Y Zhu Q Zhou Z Grossmann R Chen J Zhao R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(17):6997-7001
Our previous studies demonstrated that dietary daidzein improves egg production in ducks during the late period of the laying cycle. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of daidzein in laying hens, with more focus on eggshell quality. The expression of ER-alpha, GH-R, and IGF-IR mRNA in shell glands was determined to identify the target genes of daidzein action and to reveal the relationship between shell quality and profiles of gene expression in shell glands of laying hens. 1000 ISA hens, at 445 days of age, were allotted at random to two groups and given the basal diet with or without 10 mg of daidzein per kg diet for 9 weeks. Daidzein supplement significantly increased the egg laying rate and the feed conversion ratio. The eggshell thickness increased, while the percentage of cracked eggs decreased in daidzein-treated hens. Serum E2 and phosphate concentrations were not altered, but the level of serum Ca2+ and the tibia bone mineral density were significantly increased in the daidzein-treated group compared with their control counterparts. In parallel with the significant increase of oviduct weight, significant down-regulation of GH-R and IGF-IR mRNA and a trend of decrease in ERalpha mRNA expression in shell glands were observed in daidzein-treated hens. The results indicate that dietary daidzein improves egg laying performance and eggshell quality during the late (postpeak) laying stage of hens, which is associated with modulations in gene expression in the shell gland. 相似文献
18.
《Cereal Chemistry》2017,94(3):485-490
Proteins from wheat and egg are important for pound cake texture, but their exact role is insufficiently understood. A clear, analytical distinction between proteins from wheat flour, egg white, or egg yolk has been a main challenge. However, this can be addressed by using egg proteins carrying 15N. Therefore, egg white and yolk protein were enriched in 15N by mixing 15N‐labeled leucine into hen feed. Incorporation of egg and flour proteins in the protein network was monitored based on changes in their extractability during cake making. The relative contribution of different noncovalent and covalent bonds could be determined by using different extraction media. We for the first time distinguished between the contribution of egg white, egg yolk, and wheat protein in network formation during pound cake making. Our results show that during batter mixing hardly any intermolecular disulfide bonds are formed and that baking induces tremendous changes in protein extractability. A protein network based on both disulfide bonds and hydrophobic interactions is formed during baking. This covalent network includes almost all egg white protein and most of the yolk and wheat flour protein. The remaining protein fraction most probably lacks sulfhydryl groups and/or intramolecular disulfide bonds. 相似文献
19.
不同播量与行距对小麦产量与辐射截获利用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在田间试验条件下,设置了3个播种量(6 kg·667m 2、9 kg·667m 2和12 kg·667m 2)和3个种植行距(20 cm、25 cm和30 cm)共9个处理。通过测定小麦群体生长动态、辐射截获量和籽粒产量,研究分析不同行距和播种量对小麦产量形成和辐射利用效率的影响。结果表明:群体总茎数和叶面积指数表现为随播种量增大而增加;在相同播种量下,尽管20 cm行距的小麦分蘖数最高,但其有效成穗数却最低;叶面积指数与群体总茎数变化动态一致,而叶日积却表现为随行距和播量加大而增加。在相同播种量下,籽粒产量和辐射利用效率均随着种植行距增加呈递增趋势变化,在3个播种量下表现趋势一致。行距由20 cm增加到25 cm和30 cm,籽粒产量平均增加81.62 g·m 2和162.53 g·m 2,截获辐射利用效率平均增加0.18%和0.35%。产量和截获辐射利用率在行距间的差异均达到极显著水平,而播种量之间没有表现出显著差异,播种量和行距之间也没有明显互作效应。由此说明:调整行距对产量的影响作用大于调整播种量对产量的影响作用。因此,在水肥条件较好的黄淮海平原区小麦生产中,把传统种植行距15~20 cm调整为25~30 cm,播种量在常规播种量的基础上适量增加,可以提高小麦单产与辐射资源利用潜力。 相似文献
20.
Adding supplements to hen feed can increase egg nutritional value. Astaxanthin, tocotrienols, and tocopherols are potent antioxidants that provide health benefits to humans. We hypothesized that the addition of these nutrients to hen feed would result in an increased nutrient content in egg yolk with minimum changes in functional properties. Laying hens (Hy-Line W-36 breed) were fed four diets with different supplementation levels of palm toco concentrate and algae biomass containing astaxanthin for 8 weeks. Egg yolks were analyzed for physical, chemical, and functional properties. The feed with the highest nutrient concentration was also studied for stability of these antioxidants using the Arrhenius approach. No significant differences were observed in functional properties except for emulsification capacity and sensory characteristics among eggs from different diet treatments. Changes in egg yolk color reached the maximum values at day 8. Incorporation of tocopherols and tocotrienols increased until day 8, astaxanthin incorporation increased until day 10, and all decreased thereafter. Feed nutrients resulted in a dose-response relationship of these compounds in the egg yolk. The transfer efficiency ranged from 0 to 9.9% for tocotrienols and tocopherols and from 7.6 to 14.9% for astaxanthin at their peak values. Results of the Arrhenius accelerated stability study showed significant differences in the shelf life of various nutrients, and these results can be used to properly formulate and store the feed materials. 相似文献