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1.
本试验旨在探讨海藻粉和抗菌肽及其协同效应对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响.采用4×2(海藻粉×抗菌肽预混剂)完全随机试验设计,将480只海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为8个组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只.饲粮海藻粉的添加水平分别为0、1.0％、3.0％、5.0％,抗菌肽预混剂的添加水平分别为300、600 mg/kg.预试期7d,正试期28 d.结果表明:1)饲粮添加海藻粉显著提高了产蛋率、蛋料比、蛋黄颜色和蛋壳强度(P＜0.05).2)饲粮添加抗菌肽显著提高了产蛋率和蛋壳强度(P＜0.05).3)海藻粉和抗菌肽协同效应显著提高了产蛋率、蛋料比、蛋黄颜色和蛋壳强度(P＜0.05).由此可见,海藻粉和抗菌肽对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响存在协同效应,以5％海藻粉+300 mg/kg抗菌肽最为理想. 相似文献
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近年来,酶制剂在饲料中的应用研究全面展开,到2000年,全球65％家禽麦类日粮、10％猪麦类日粮及5％肉鸡玉米-豆粕日粮中添加了酶制剂,最近酶制剂在反刍动物日粮中的应用也受到广泛关注。在动物生产中应用饲用酶制剂既能提高饲料的消化率和利用率,提高畜禽及鱼类的生产性能,又能减少排泄物中氮、磷含量,保护水体和土壤免受污染,因而饲用 相似文献
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本试验通过降低生长育肥猪饲粮蛋白质水平2个百分点,其它营养水平不变,并在低蛋白饲粮中添加赖氨酸及复合促生长剂1号,共5周的饲养进行对比试验。结果表明：在低蛋白饲粮中添加复合促生长剂1号,能够显著提高生长育肥猪的日增重、饲料转化率及经济效益,并能超过高蛋白饲粮组;在低蛋白粮中添加赖氨酸,可提高生长育肥猪的日增重、饲料利用率及经济效益,但达不到高蛋白饲粮饲喂水平。 相似文献
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选择体重35kg左右的杜长大杂交仔猪144头，随机分成4组，每组3个重复，每个重复12头，用来研究不同大麦用量的日粮中添加自己筛选的复合NSP酶制剂对生长猪生产性能的影响。结果表明：在使用大麦专用复合非淀粉多糖（NSP）酶制剂情况下，40％大麦型饲粮和70％麦型饲粮（全部大麦、无玉米）与玉米型饲粮对生长猪的生产性能无显著影响，40％大麦型饲粮组每千克增重饲料成本较玉米型饲粮组略低；用40％麦型饲粮饲喂生长猪时，添加复合NSP酶制荆可使日增重提高5．8％（P〈0.05），饲料利用率提高9.3％，每千克增重饲料成本降低0.295元。 相似文献
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生长──肥育猪可消化赖氨酸需要量的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本试验研究饲粮中可消化赖氨酸（Lys）水平对生长──肥育猪生产性能的影响，基础饲粮中Lys消化率采用迴直吻合术猪测定。结果表明，随着饲粮Lys水平的提高，生长猪的平均日增重增加（P＜0.01），料肉比降低（P＜0.05），当总Lys为0.75％（基础饲粮Lys0.56％）时最佳。肥育猪生产性能在Lys为0.548％（基础饲粮Lys0.47％）时较佳，进一步提高Lys水平无明显改善作用。消化试验测定生长猪和肥育猪基础饲粮中Lys表观消化率分别为82.49％和79.78％。以上结果提示，生长猪（36—60kg）和肥育猪（60—90kg）的可消化Lys需要量分别为0.656％（总Lys0.754％）和0.453％（总Lys0.548％）。 相似文献
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选择体重35kg左右的杜长大杂交仔猪144头，随机分成4组，每组3个重复，每个重复12头，用来研究不同大麦用量的日粮中添加试验筛选的复合非淀粉多糖（NSP）酶制剂对生长猪生产性能的影响。结果表明：在使用大麦专用复合NSP酶制剂情况下，40％大麦型饲粮和70％大麦型饲粮（全部大麦、无玉米）与玉米型饲粮对生长猪的生产性能无显著影响，40％大麦型饲粮组每千克增重饲料成本较玉米型饲粮组略低；用40％大麦型饲粮饲喂生长猪时，添加复合NSP酶制剂可使日增重提高5．8％（P〈0．05），饲料利用率提高9.3%每千克增重饲料成本降低0．295元。 相似文献
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苜蓿草粉日粮中添加复合纤维素酶对生长育肥猪生产性能的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
40头体重约20kg左右的生长育肥猪，随机分成四组，前三组为试验组，第Ⅳ组为对照组，试验组分别喂以在10％苜蓿粉的基础日粮中添加0．05％、0．1％、0．15％水平的复合纤维素酶饲粮，进行试验，观察其对猪胴体品质及生产性能的影响。结果：和对照组相比，试验I－Ⅲ组屠宰率分别提高了2．74％、5．69％、2．40％，滴水损失显著降低；试验各组饲料利用率显著提高，能量表现消化率提高2．10％、4．90％、3．00％，无氮浸入物提高0．10％、5．70％、3．60％，粗蛋白提高16．3％、19．2％、18．3％，粗纤维提高33．7％、41．1％、39．2％，料重比分别下降11．5％、13．9％、13．7％，日增重分别提高9．1％、17．9％、12．6％。结果表明：在苜蓿草粉日粮中添加复合纤维素酶有助于猪胴体品质的提高；生长肥育猪20－40kg体重阶段（8－12周龄）0．15％的复合纤维素酶添加水平，体重40kg以后（12周龄后）0．1％复合纤维素酶添加水平有利于提高猪的生产性能。 相似文献
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巴中县位于四川盆地边缘,中丘山区。槐叶资源十分丰富,年产槐叶4万多吨,经测定其粗蛋白质高达17.7％。为了开发这一资源,1989年我们在茶坝区畜禽繁殖场进行了不同量槐叶粉加入配合饲料中取代部分麸皮饲喂肥育猪的试验,现将结果报告于下。一、试验方法选择健康无病、体重15—20千克的半同胞长本杂交断奶仔猪21头。随机分为三组,每组7头。1组以占饲粮5％的槐叶粉取代5％的麸皮;2组以占饲粮10％的槐叶粉取代10％的麸皮;3组为对照不加槐叶粉,各组饲料配方和营养水平见表1。整个试验期为 相似文献
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Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) are a potential protein source in poultry feeds because of their high methionine and cystein content. However, mussels may temporarily be contaminated with the toxin, okadaic acid. The aim of this small scale study was to evaluate the effects on animal health and morphology of the digestive tract of laying hens fed three different diets; a commercial feed and diets containing 15% normal or 15% toxic mussel meal, i.e. a concentration of 198.6 μg toxin per kg feed. Twelve laying hens were divided into six groups and fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks. Animal health, production performance and egg quality were recorded. At sacrifice, tissue samples were prepared for histological evaluation using light microscopy. Okadaic acid did not have any adverse effects on animal health or production parameters and no histological changes indicating disturbances in the digestive tract was observed. Internal egg quality was improved as eggs from hens fed either of the two mussel meal diets had an increased yolk colour. These results show that mussel meal functions as a novel protein source for laying hens and those toxic mussels at this level may be included in the feed without negative effects on parameters evaluated in this study. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2005,14(3):542-547
The effects of poultry by-product meal (PBPM) and feather meal (FM) incorporated separately and in combination in the diet on laying hen performance and egg characteristics during postpeak production were determined. Bovans White strain laying hens, 42 wk of age, were fed diets with 0% PBPM and FM, 5% FM, 5% PBPM, or 4% FM + 4% PBPM. Egg production, feed intake, and egg mass were not significantly affected by dietary treatments, whereas egg weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly affected. Egg weights of hens receiving 4% FM + 4% PBPM were significantly lower than those fed the control diet, whereas those fed 5% FM or 5% PBPM were intermediate. FCR was significantly improved by the diets containing 5% FM or 5% PBPM compared with the diet containing 4% FM + 4% PBPM. Dietary PBPM decreased Haugh units, but FM did not. Egg breaking strength, shell weight, and weights of albumen and yolk were not affected by treatments. The results suggested that FM or PBPM could be incorporated up to 5% singly or up to 8% in combination in layer diets but with possible detrimental effects on Haugh units, egg weight, and FCR. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(4):574-578
The use of new varieties of pearl millet (PM) as an alternative feed ingredient for poultry has gained increased interest due to the favorable nutritional characteristics of this grain. However, its incorporation into poultry feeds has been limited because commercial availability of PM in the United States is currently low and also because many feed mills lack the capacity to store more than 1 ground grain. Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of the inclusion of moderate levels of whole grains in poultry feeds. A series of 3 experiments was conducted to investigate whether unground PM would be a satisfactory feed ingredient for laying hens. In Experiment 1, diets containing 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40% unground PM were fed. At the end of a 7-d feeding period, it was determined that the percentage of whole seed disappearance was equal to or greater than 98% at all levels of inclusion. No significant differences in whole seed disappearance were detected among treatments, indicating that laying hens have the capacity to break down whole PM seeds. In Experiment 2, diets containing 0 or 15% inclusion of either ground or unground PM were fed to laying hens for a 7-d feeding period. Starch digestibility of the diets was determined to be >97% for all treatments. Significantly greater starch digestibility was observed in the hens fed the 15% unground PM as compared with the hens receiving the ground PM diet. In Experiment 3, after a 4-wk feeding period, it was determined that the inclusion of 10% unground PM does not have a negative or positive effect on feed consumption or egg production. These results indicate that PM is a satisfactory feed ingredient for laying hens that can be included in the unground form at moderate levels. 相似文献
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文章总结了畜禽生产中可利用的藻类及其营养成分,重点介绍了含藻饲料对以猪和鸡为代表的畜禽生长、免疫、肌肉品质、产蛋性能和禽蛋品质等方面的影响,还指出了藻类在畜禽饲料应用中存在的问题并提出建议,旨在为藻类资源在猪、鸡养殖生产中的广泛应用提供参考。藻类分布广、易生长、产量大,尤其是海藻,含有陆生植物不具有的生物活性物质和营养物质。将富含不饱和脂肪酸和色素的微藻添加到饲料中能改善畜禽肉品质,提升禽蛋品质;将富含多糖等活性物质的大型海藻添加到饲料中有助于提升畜禽免疫力。饲料中添加少量藻类可提高饲料稳定性,提升畜禽生长性能和饲料利用率;当藻类添加量过高时,其所含的抗营养因子会对畜禽产生负面影响,但通过适当的预处理可消除部分抗营养因子,减轻负面效应。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(2):256-265
It is well established that the use of alfalfa in diets for monogastric animals is limited by its high fiber content. However, alfalfa is a natural source of xanthophylls and gives poultry products a desirably yellow color. In addition, alfalfa saponins may contribute to reduce the levels of cholesterol in the meat and egg yolk. We have investigated the potential utilization of β-glucanases and β-1,4-xylanases for enhancing the nutritive value of alfalfa for laying hens. An experiment was conducted with 864 ISA Brown layer hens from 40 to 52 wk of age and fed on diets containing rye (19.6%) or rye and alfalfa (15.1%). The results suggested that inclusion of alfalfa in the diets reduced body weights and total egg mass (P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation with polysaccharidases was unable to significantly improve the performance of laying hens. However, egg yolks from birds that consumed diets containing alfalfa were more deeply pigmented, presenting an increase in yellowness (b*). In contrast, at the percentage of incorporation tested, inclusion of alfalfa in the diets was unable to lower the levels of cholesterol content in the egg yolk. Taken together the results suggest that exogenous plant cell wall hydrolases are not effective for improving the nutritive value of alfalfa-containing diets for laying hens, although inclusion of small percentages of the dehydrated leguminous meal may directly affect the quality of the generated poultry products. 相似文献
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Effects of different strategies of mineral supplementation (marine algae alone or combined with rumen boluses) in organic dairy systems 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. López‐Alonso F. Rey‐Crespo I. Orjales R. Rodríguez‐Bermúdez M. Miranda 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(5):836-843
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of marine algae supplementation alone or in combination with a regular mineral supplement (rumen boluses) to improve the mineral status in organic dairy cattle and their effect on the milk mineral composition, milk production, composition (% of fat and protein) and quality (SCC). Thirty‐two Holstein Friesian lactating cows were randomly selected and assigned to the algae (A), boluses (B), algae+boluses (AB) and control group (C). For the algae groups (A, AB), a supplement composed of Sea Lettuce (80%), Japanese Wireweed (17.5%) and Furbelows (2.5%) was formulated to be given to the cows at the rate of 100 g/animal per day (A1) for the length of 4 weeks. In the second half of the experiment (weeks 5–8), the algae mixture was reformulated and the proportion of Furbelows was increased from 2.5% to 5.0% with a subsequent decrease of Lettuce to 77.5% (A2). In the boluses group (B), each cow received 2 boluses after calving. Blood (serum) and milk samples were collected at 2 and 4 week intervals, respectively, and analysed for trace element concentrations by ICP‐MS. Information related to the milk composition and SCC during a 305‐day lactation for each animal were obtained from the Dairy Records Management System. The supplementation with algae, boluses or the combination of both treatments showed a statistically significant effect on the iodine (algae), selenium (boluses) and cobalt (algae+boluses) status of the animals. In milk, treatments had a statistical significant increase on iodine, and a tendency to increase selenium concentrations. The assayed algae mixture combined with another source of selenium could be an effective tool to improve the mineral status in serum and milk. 相似文献
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1. Relative utilisations of xanthophylls in young broilers from diets containing meals prepared from the algae Chlorella and Micractinium and alfalfa meal were determined. 2. Relative utilisation was evaluated from plasma and toe‐web xanthophyll contents, and by visual scoring. 3. The results showed poorer xanthophyll utilisation from algae‐containing diets than from alfalfa meal, but algae meals can be used effectively as pigment sources in poultry diets. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(1):9-22
Using locally produced feedstuffs for poultry production in developing countries can greatly lower production costs. Pearl millet is a drought-resistant plant that produces a nutritious grain. Its cultivation in Mali spans thousands of years, but the suitability of the millet grain currently produced in Mali for poultry production is unknown. Therefore, the nutrient composition of 7 different, widely available varieties of pearl millet grown in Mali was assessed before completing experiments in which laying hens or broilers were fed diets containing 0, 14, 28, or 43% whole pearl millet. The 7 varieties of pearl millet grown in different regions of Mali all had protein concentrations that were better than corn and had apparent digestible amino acid coefficients similar to corn. The nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy values ranged from 3,395 to 3,738 Kcal/kg on an as-is basis. Egg production and egg weight did not differ between the hens fed the different levels of millet through out a 16-wk experiment. Broilers fed the highest level of pearl millet from 1 to 42 d of age gained less (3.088 versus 2.949 kg) body weight than those fed the control diet. However, body weight gains did not differ between the broilers fed the control diet and the diets containing 14 or 28% whole millet. The results indicate that Malian-grown pearl millet would be an effective feed ingredient for poultry production and that this small seed could be added in whole form into laying hen and broiler diets. 相似文献
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Keegan TP DeRouchey JM Nelssen JL Tokach MD Goodband RD Dritz SS 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(9):2750-2756
Weanling pigs (total of 560) were used in two experiments to determine the effects of poultry meal in nursery diets on pig performance. In Exp. 1,210 barrows and gilts (initially 7.4 kg and 21 +/- 2 d of age) were fed one of five diets, which included a control diet with no specialty protein products or (as-fed basis) the control with 2.5 or 5.0% fish meal, or 2.9 or 5.9% poultry meal (11.8% ash). Poultry meal replaced fish meal on an equal lysine basis. Overall (d 0 to 28), pigs fed diets containing fish meal had greater (P < 0.01) ADG than pigs fed poultry meal. Increasing fish meal tended to have increased (quadratic, P < 0.07) ADG, with the greatest improvement observed in pigs fed the diet containing 2.5% fish meal. Pigs fed diets containing fish meal had improved (P < 0.01) G:F compared with pigs fed diets containing poultry meal. In Exp. 2, a total of 350 barrows and gilts (initially 8.9 kg and 22 +/- 2 d of age) were fed one of seven experimental diets, which included a control diet with no specialty protein products, or the control with 2.5 or 5.0% fish meal, 2.9 or 5.8% low-ash (10.9%) poultry meal, and 3.1 or 6.2% high-ash (13.5%) poultry meal. Poultry meal replaced fish meal on an equal lysine basis. Overall (d 0 to 15), there were no differences in ADG and ADFI (P = 0.14); however, pigs fed diets containing fish meal or poultry meal had improved (linear, P < 0.01) G:F compared with pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed diets containing low-ash poultry meal had greater (P < 0.01) G:F compared with pigs fed diets containing high-ash poultry meal. Based on these data, quality control specifications, such as ash content, need to be considered when using poultry meal as an animal protein replacement in diets for nursery pigs. 相似文献