共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在景观分类的基础上,应用景观生态学原理,选取多样性指数、优势度、分离度和斑块密度指数4个指标,从景观的类型多样性、格局多样性和斑块多样性3个方面,对安凯乡旅游开发过程中森林景观多样性特征进行分析。结果表明,5种森林类型斑块中,马尾松林斑块所占面积以及斑块平均面积最大;经济果林、木麻黄林破碎化程度较高;马尾松林保持完好,分离度也最小,木麻黄林分离度最大;各景观类型比例分布不均衡。 相似文献
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《林业资源管理》2013,(3):101-105
以冀北山区木兰林管局北沟林场的森林景观为研究对象,在森林景观分类的基础上,计算了森林景观斑块面积、斑块周长、分形维数、景观多样性等特征参数。结果表明:研究区森林景观类型为8类,共235个斑块,斑块总面积为1 634.12hm2,景观斑块分形维数人工华北落叶松林最大(1.990 3),人工针叶混交林最小(1.115 9);景观多样性指数人工针叶混交林最大(8.662 8),天然针叶混交林最小(2.143 2);景观优势度指数天然油松林最大,为0.646 7,人工华北落叶松林最小,为0.108 3;景观均匀度指数人工针叶混交林最大,为0.961 7,天然针叶混交林最小,为0.531 2;斑块密度天然阔叶混交林景观类型最大(0.312 5),天然柞树林最小(0.118 3)。研究结果可以为景观尺度的森林健康近自然经营提供数据支撑。 相似文献
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利用香格里拉县森林资源二类调查数据,在ArcGIS9和Fragstats3．3软件支持下,选取斑块密度、最大斑块指数、形状指数、平均斑块面积、分维数、多样性指数、均匀度指数、蔓延度指数等森林景观格局指标对香格里拉县森林景观格局进行分析,结果表明：香格里拉县冷杉林和高山松林斑块较多,面积分别占总面积的16．97％、14．43％,在总体景观中处于主导地位。阔叶林和灌木林斑块密度分别为0．2496、0．2118,景观较为破碎;香格里拉县森林景观多样性指数为2．1300,景观要素类型较丰富,天然林得到了较好的保护。 相似文献
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等戛自然保护区森林景观格局分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在ARCGIS9和FRAGSTAT3.3软件支持下选取以下森林景观格局指标:斑块面积、面积百分率、斑块数、斑块密度、最大斑块指数、形状指数、平均斑块、平均最近距离、面积多样性指数、均匀度指数、蔓延度指数、优势度等来描述等戛自然保护区森林景观格局.结果表明:等戛保护区季风常绿阔叶林、山地雨林和中山湿地常绿阔叶林景观在总体景观中处于主导地位.农地、经济林景观破碎化严重,受人为影响大.等戛保护区森林景观多样性高,景观要素类型较丰富,物种的多样性受到较好的保护.景观类型所占比例差别较大,以中山湿性常绿阔叶林和季风常绿阔叶林景观占优势. 相似文献
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帽儿山地区是东北东部山区较典型的天然次生林区,随着天然林保护工程的实施,森林经营管理越来越要求集约化,对天然次生林区的景观格局分析及评价是极其必要的。利用帽儿山林场1∶10000 的林相图(根据1999 年航测照片及1999 年调查材料绘制而成),1∶10000 的土地利用现状图(1999)和实地调查资料,在ARC/INFO 支持下,应用地理信息系统技术,对帽儿山林场各种景观类型的形状指数,破碎化指数进行了分析。自然景观的形状指数,形状破碎化指数均大于人工景观,而景观斑块数破碎化指数取决于斑块数目的多少。其中,天然林受人为干预较小,形状复杂,其形状指数大于人工林;人为控制的景观,如苗圃、农地、采伐迹地等,形状较规则,形状指数较小;天然林的景观斑块数破碎化指数大于人工林,也大于非林地。软阔叶林的景观斑块数破碎化指数最大。图3 参11。 相似文献
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天然林森林资源的景观分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究天然林森林资源的景观变化,文章使用了景观空间格局分析软件包FRAGSTATS,主要计算了景观形状指数、平均形状指数、面积加权斑块平均形状指数、双对数破碎度、斑块平均分维度、面积加权斑块平均破碎度、香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数、辛普森多样性指数、辛普森均匀度指数、修正辛普森均匀度指数、修正辛普森多样性指数。结果表明:面积加权斑块平均形状指数、双对数破碎度、斑块平均破碎度略有下降,也就是说,斑块(小班)形状变化不大。森林景观的变化要滞后资源的变化。各种斑块的多样性指数变化不明显。斑块丰富度和斑块丰富度密度大幅上升。 相似文献
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帽儿山地区是东北东部山区较典型的天然次生林区。本文利用ARC／INFO软件，对帽儿山林场景观类型最小距离指数和景观连接度指数进行分析，进而对帽儿山林场各景观类型的空间分布规律进行了探讨。结果表明：有林地与无林地的景观连接度有明显差异，无林地的景观连接度普遍大于有林地；天然林的景观连接度都接近于O，景观破碎化程度较高。人工林的最小距离指数低于天然林和非林地；人工林中，人工针叶混交林的距离指数最小，格局接近于团聚分布；天然林的景观格局近于随机分布；非林地中，采伐迹地的距离指数最小，接近于团聚分布。图2参15。 相似文献
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运用景观生态学原理,借助M apInfo技术,选取斑块密度、边缘密度、景观多样性、景观优势度等指标,分析塞罕坝地区不同地貌下景观类型的空间分布和空间格局特征,深入探讨了森林景观的林分类型、起源和分布特点,结果显示塞罕坝山地的斑块密度、边缘密度、破碎度,分别都高于沙地和曼甸,但山地的景观多样性低于曼甸和沙地。森林景观以落叶针叶林面积最大,为38 306.7 hm2,其次是阔叶林和常绿针叶林,分别为16 470.5hm2,9 455.5hm2,灌木林和混交林面积最小。曼甸以落叶针叶林景观优势度最高,且多为落叶松人工纯林;山地以落叶针叶林和阔叶林景观优势度较高,其中,阔叶林多为天然次生林,树种以桦树为主;沙地以落叶针叶林和常绿针叶林优势度较高,其常绿针叶林多为人工樟子松纯林。 相似文献
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本文以黑龙江省帽儿山林场为研究区域,采用ArcGISIO．0空间分析模块划分该地区集水区的森林,并通过Frag＋stats3．3对帽儿山林场集水区从斑块水平和斑块类型水平上景观格局进行分析。其中,景观格局指标包括：斑块面积、面积比、斑块数、斑块密度、形状指数、分维度等。研究结果表明：软阔混交林是帽儿山林场集水区主要的森林景观类型,是其森林资源的重要组成成分,其次是硬阔混交林,柞树林,白桦林等,景观资源丰富。该地区景观特征的研究为帽儿山集水区森林景观规划、森林景观生态系统优化提供了理论参考,对改善帽儿山集水区地区森林结构、更好地实现森林空间布局的优化配置和发挥森林的生态功能等方面具有重要意义。 相似文献
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LIShu-juan SUIYu-zheng FENGHai-qing WANGFeng-you LIYu-wen 《林业研究》2004,15(3):181-186
Mao‘ershan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, northeast of China. Under the support of ARC/INFO, the landscape pattern and landscape diversity of Mao‘erhshan region were sudied by combining the forest type map (1:10 000), which was drawn from the aerial photographs (1999), field investigation and land utilization map (1:10 000). The selected indices included patch number, patch size, patch density index, richness index,dominance index, evenness index and diversity index. The results showed that the landscape dominant forest type in Mao‘ershan region was softwood broad-leaved forest. In all landscape types, the average patch area of natural secondary forests was bigger than that of artificial forest. The patch density index of each landscape formed in artificial forest was higher than that of natural secondary forest. The landscape diversity index and landscape evenness index of natural forest were highest, the landscape heterogeneity was also, but the landscape dominance was lower. In natural forest, the control effects of landscape elements on landscape-structure, function and its change were weakened. The artificial forest was on the contrary. 相似文献
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Mao'ershan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, northeast of China.
Under the support of ARC/INFO and GIS technology, the landscape shape and fragment indices of Mao'ershan experimental plantation
were studied by combining the forest type map (1∶10000), which was drawn from the aerial photographs (1999), field investigation
(1999) and soil utilized map (1∶10000). The results showed that the shape index and shape fragment index of natural landscape
were higher than those of artificial landscapes and landscape patch fragment index depended on the number of patches. The
natural forest had complex shape, suffering little jamming, and its shape index was higher than that of artificial forest.
The manual controlled landscape (e.g. nursery, cropland and cutting blank) had regular shape, and its shape index was smaller.
The fragment index of patches in natural forest was higher than that of artificial forest. The soft broad-leaved had the highest
fragment index of patch amount.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by National Key Technologies P&D Program of China during the 10th Five-Year Plan Period (2002BA515B040).
Biography: LI Shu-juan (1977-), female, Lecturer in Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):44-53
Intensive forest management has changed both local and regional characteristics of Fennoscandian forest. However, quantitative documentation of landscape transformations is rare. In this study, five forest landscapes were examined in order to define and quantify forest landscape transformation in southern Finland from the 1940s to the 1970s and 1990s. These areas of 140-200 km2 contained both private and state-owned forests. Digital aerial photographs of each area were classified into no-canopy forest (clear-cut and seedling stands, open mires) and closed-canopy forest (young and mature stands). Patch density, mean patch size, largest patch index and edge density calculated for closed-canopy patches indicated fragmentation from the 1940s to the 1970s and recovery from the 1970s to the 1990s. Trends were very similar in both ownership groups. Thus, fragmentation of closed-canopy forests has not progressed continuously in southern Finland, but shows different patterns depending on the period. However, the recovery observed between the 1970s and 1990s does not necessarily mean an increased abundance of the natural old-growth areas that are needed to host many of the currently threatened species. 相似文献
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Ana Maria G. Teixeira Britaldo S. Soares-Filho Simone R. Freitas Jean Paul Metzger 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009
The dynamics of the Atlantic Rainforest loss and recovery are still not fully understood despite its long history of human occupation. In this study, we investigated changes in an Atlantic Rainforest region due to major biophysical and human proximate causes. First, we modeled land-cover and land-use changes from 1962 to 2000, including deforestation and forest regrowth, and thereby simulated future landscape trajectories to assess their possible effects on the conservation of forest species of the Ibiúna Plateau, a region located in Southeastern Brazil within the Atlantic Rainforest biome. We modeled four scenarios (status quo, random, lawenforcement, and land-use intensification) and simulated their resulting landscape trajectories for the year 2019 using DINAMICA. The landscape dynamics in the study region were particularly intense. During the first period of 1962–1981, the rate of forest regrowth (3% year−1) was greater than the rate of deforestation (2% year−1), whereas in the latter period of 1981–2000, increasing urbanization and the spreading of rural establishments resulted in more deforestation (2.9% year−1) than regrowth (1% year−1). These dynamics imprinted a heterogeneous landscape, leading to the predominance of progressively younger secondary forests with increasingly less capacity of hosting sensitive forest species. The influence of proximate causes on the dynamics of deforestation and forest regrowth showed consistent patterns, such as higher forest regrowth rates near rivers, on steep slopes and far from dirt roads, whereas losses in young secondary vegetation and forest were far from rivers, on gentle slopes and near urban areas. Of the modeled scenarios, only the law enforcement scenario may lead to the recovery of a network of interconnected forest patches, suggesting that simply the enforcement of current forest laws, which prohibit deforestation on unsuitable agricultural areas and along river margins and establish a minimum of 20% of forest remnant per rural property, may effectively favor forest species conservation in the short term (two decades) without the need of any forest restoration effort. 相似文献
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水生植物是城市园林造景不可或缺的元素,对郑州市紫荆山公园水生植物资源调查得知:紫荆山公园共有水生植物11科23种,而常用的仅有荷花、睡莲、黄菖蒲、梭鱼草、蒲苇等少数几个品种;通过园林景观应用分析,对水生植物在园林中的应用提出建议。 相似文献
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“景观基因”作为传统村落景观信息遗传的载体,蕴含了传统村落独特的景观环境特征与景观演变发展的内在逻辑。因此,景观基因图示可为探索传统村落景观结构提供新视角。以江西省丰城市瓘山村为例,从传统聚落景观基因的“胞—链—形”图示体系出发,揭示瓘山村在景观整体形态、景观连接通道和景观基本单元等方面的景观结构特色：景观基因“形”体现在二维空间形态和三维空间环境;景观基因“链”以外环龙溪和内部街巷结合为代表;景观基因“胞”体现在建筑和非建筑景观单元。从而总结出：风水理论、尊重自然的生态理念和景观集称文化三大景观基因共同孕育出了瓘山村的景观结构特色。 相似文献