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卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)是山羊胚胎体外生产的关键步骤,其对山羊体外生产胚胎的数量和质量均具有非常重要的意义。此外,IVM还可以满足胚胎工程技术如体细胞核移植、转基因动物生产对卵母细胞的大量需求。然而,由于山羊卵母细胞体外成熟研究起步较晚,与牛、猪等家畜相比仍然存在不小的差距,存在诸如体外成熟率低、胚胎质量不佳、培养体系可重复性低等问题。因此,分析山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的主要影响因素,提高山羊卵母细胞体外成熟率,建立山羊卵母细胞体外成熟稳定培养体系,就成为了近年来山羊胚胎体外生产的研究重点。论文综合国内外学者近年的相关研究,对可能影响山羊卵母细胞体外成熟效率的各种因素进行了综述分析,同时对山羊卵母细胞体外成熟现存问题进行了分析,以期为建立山羊卵母细胞体外成熟体系提供理论支持。 相似文献
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猪卵母细胞体外成熟作为一种很重要的胚胎生物技术,具有重要的理论和实际意义。本文综述了猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养的发展历程、体外培养影响因素以及优化策略,为猪卵母细胞成熟培养提供参考依据。 相似文献
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猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养为胚胎体外生产、体细胞克隆等研究领域提供了大量廉价实验材料。本文就影响猪卵母细胞体外成熟的因素及其研究进展作简要综述。 相似文献
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为了探讨瘦素(Leptin)对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及孤雌激活后胚胎早期发育的影响,研究选择在Earle's盐缓冲的TCM199中添加10IU/mLeCG,10IU/mLhCG,10ng/mLEGF配制成化学限定的基础液,以添加不同浓度Leptin设定各试验组,对猪卵母细胞进行体外成熟培养。以未添加Leptin的基础液为对照组1,而添加5%的胎牛血清(FBS)、10%猪卵泡液为对照组2。比较分析各组卵母细胞核成熟效率,孤雌激活后胚胎的卵裂率,囊胚发育率。结果表明:各添加组卵母细胞成熟率与对照组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);孤雌激活后,各组间的卵裂率和囊胚发育率也无明显差异。同时,在化学限定的猪卵母细胞体外成熟液中添加Leptin对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活后早期胚胎的发育无显著效果。 相似文献
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猪卵泡卵母细胞体外成熟研究现状孟庆刚李光鹏曹允考（东北农业大学动物科学系１５００３０）１引言随着哺乳动物胚胎工程技术的发展，人们对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的研究也取得了很大的进展。关于猪卵母细胞体外成熟的理论和培养技术也日渐成熟。相信随此项技术的发展，人们... 相似文献
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为探讨胰岛素(Insulin)和白血病抑制因子(Leukemia inhibit factor,LIF)对猪卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)和猪孤雌激活胚胎(PAEs)的影响,在卵母细胞体外成熟或者胚胎培养基中添加Insulin和LIF,研究卵裂率和囊胚率的变化。结果:添加了5μg/mL Insulin后猪卵母细胞体外成熟效果显著提高,但成熟后孤雌激活发育能力与非添加组相近;而胚胎培养基中添加Insulin对孤雌胚的卵裂和囊胚的形成也没有明显促进作用;添加1 000 U/mL的LIF后,卵母细胞核成熟率没有明显提高,反而孤雌激活后囊胚率急剧下降,但对卵裂率以及囊胚总细胞数影响不大;在胚胎培养基中添加LIF后,孤雌胚的卵裂和囊胚形成并没有明显的提高。表明:Insulin对卵母细胞体外成熟有益,但是对孤雌胚胎的最佳处理程序还需要摸索;本文所采用的LIF处理对猪卵体外成熟以及孤雌胚胎体外发育没有帮助,还需要进一步研究其他浓度和处理程序对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活胚胎发育能力的影响。 相似文献
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HUA Zai-dong GUO Shuai XIAO Hong-wei REN Hong-yan ZHANG Li-ping GE Yao-wen 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(11):3143-3148
To investigate the impact of porcine oocytes in vivo and in vitro maturation (IVM) on the development of porcine somatic cell cloned embryos,the somatic cell cloned embryos cultured in vitro and the sows were treated with hormones to collect mature oocytes in vivo,and the cleavage rate, blastocyst rate and embryo implantation were compared. The results showed that the average number of ovulation in PGC+PMSG+HCG group was significantly higher than that of PGC+HCG,PMSG+HCG and the natural estrus groups (P<0.05). The oocytes collected in vivo could be used for the construction, and the available oocytes rate reached more than 90%,and there was no significant difference among the four groups (P>0.05),which indicated that groups treated by hormone could obtain more available oocytes and the quality of oocytes was not significant different. In vivo and in vitro matured oocytes were used as nuclear transfer embryos of recombinant receptor,the fusion efficiency (80.31% and 79.29%) and cleavage rate (90.40% and 86.51%) were not significant different (P>0.05), but the proportion of in vivo matured oocytes cloned embryos developed into the blastocyst stage was significantly higher (P<0.05). The reconstructed embryos made from in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes were transplanted into surrogate sows (transferred 30 or 60 embryos),10 piglets were born in in vivo maturation of cloned embryo transfer group,while there was no implantation in in vitro maturation of cloned embryo transfer group. The results showed that high quality oocytes obtained by superovulation could significantly increase the blastocyst rate of embryos,reduce the number of embryos transferred and improve the pregnancy rate of surrogate sows. 相似文献
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为探讨猪体内、外成熟卵母细胞对核移植重组胚胎发育能力的影响,试验通过激素促排获得体内成熟卵母细胞和收集废弃卵巢获取体外成熟的卵母细胞,分别构建核移植重组胚,比较其卵裂率、囊胚率及胚胎移植受孕情况。结果显示,PGC+PMSG+HCG组的平均排卵数（27.8枚/头）显著高于PGC+HCG （12.5枚/头）、PMSG+HCG （13.7枚/头）及自然发情组（11.5枚/头）（P<0.05）,体内收集到的卵母细胞,可用于构建核移植重组胚的可用卵率均达到90%以上,与其他处理组差异不显著（P>0.05）,说明通过激素处理可获得更多的可用卵母细胞,而且卵母细胞的质量没有显著差异;以体内和体外成熟卵母细胞作为核移植受体构建的克隆胚胎,二者的胚胎融合率（80.31%和79.29%）和卵裂率（90.40%和86.51%）差异均不显著（P>0.05）,但来自体内成熟卵母细胞克隆的胚胎发育至囊胚期的比例显著升高（P<0.05）;将体内、外成熟卵母细胞构建的核移植重组胚分别移植代孕母猪,头平均移植30或60枚时,体内成熟卵母构建的克隆胚胎移植出生仔猪10头,而体外培养卵母细胞构建的克隆胚胎均未着床受孕,表明通过激素促排获得的卵母细胞质量更好,能显著提高克隆胚胎的囊胚率,减少胚胎移植数量,提高代孕母猪的怀孕率。 相似文献
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Embryo transfer: its uses and recent developments 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
J M Sreenan 《The Veterinary record》1988,122(26):624-629
The technique of embryo transfer is now routinely employed in several species and with several objectives. In laboratory animals the technique is used mainly in investigations of reproductive biology, whereas in human beings it is used to overcome specific forms of impaired fertility. Because embryo transfer combined with superovulation of the donor can significantly increase the female reproductive rate its greatest application to date has been in farm animals, in which it is widely used in both research and commercial production. Within the past few years there have been many advances in the techniques used in farm animals, particularly in the area of embryo manipulation. The supply of embryos can now be increased by repeated superovulation and by embryo bisection and there has been significant progress in in vitro fertilisation technology. Deep freeze (-196 degrees C) storage of embryos is now routine and may be combined with direct one-step thawing and removal of cryoprotectant. This technique allows the routine non-surgical transfer of embryos in the field. There is also evidence that a routine non-traumatic procedure for sexing embryos may soon be developed. Identical multiplets or clones have been produced by the microdissection of embryos and more recently by the transfer of nuclei from embryos into unfertilized oocytes. Transgenic animals have been produced by the microinjection of recombinant DNA into one of the pronuclei of single-cell unfertilized ova. 相似文献
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The inbred SLA miniature pig is a unique animal model developed for organ transplantation studies and pre‐clinical experimental purposes. Reported oestrous synchronization and superovulation treatments were examined in two SLA haplotypes (AA and DD) to allow collection of embryos for both practical embryo transfer and experimental technologies from a closed breeding colony. Pre‐puberal miniature pigs were poor responders to oestrous synchronization treatments, while post‐puberal sows were equivalent to commercial sows. Following superovulation, the ovulation number (corpora .hemorrhagica) was higher (p < 0.05) in the cycling sows when compared with non‐cycling sows. Ovulations were equivalent to commercial pre‐puberal gilts and non‐cycling sows (p > 0.05). No difference in ovulation number between haplotypes was observed, which differs from the previous report (DD>AA). Collection of zygotes for pronuclear injection was the highest in the non‐cycling post‐puberal miniature pig group (p < 0.05), although significantly lower when compared with the commercial pig treatment groups (p < 0.05). The incidence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in our colony was equivalent to rates observed in commercial pigs. Pronuclear visualization following centrifugation was the highest in the non‐cycling miniature sow group and approximates to about 25% of ovulations and about half the rate observed in the commercial pigs (50%). Miniature pig embryos transferred between SLA haplotypes and transfer of DD embryos to commercial pigs resulted in live births at a higher efficiency than previously reported. This study demonstrates the feasibility of undertaking assisted reproductive technologies in a closed breeding colony of inbred SLA miniature pigs without compromise to the breeding programmes. 相似文献
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Drion PV Szenci O Ectors F Wirth D Perényi Z Muller P Beckers JF 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2003,51(3):371-384
The technology of reproduction progressed considerably during the last decade, leading to a certain availability of in vitro methods for fertilisation, oocyte maturation and embryo culture. The most spectacular manipulations are cloning and transgenesis. This review focuses on the early appearance of germinal cell precursors and the long-standing fate of gametes in mammals. The evident complexity and long-term programming of events in gametes and early embryos explain part of the difficulties encountered during the development of in vitro and in vivo methods such as multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), oestrus synchronisation, ovulation induction, superovulation, in vitro maturation and fertilisation, cryopreservation, transgenesis, nuclear transfer and cloning) and the occurrence of unexpected alterations of development, e.g. embryonic or fetal mortality, large-weight newborn syndrome and other dysregulations in imprinting or DNA transmission. 相似文献
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J Scherzer RA Fayrer-Hosken L Ray DJ Hurley GL Heusner 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(3):371-376
Embryo transfer has been an inherent part of cattle breeding for more than 35 years and has also gained remarkable interest from the equine industry after several breeds allowed registration of more than one foal per year. In both large animal species, non‐surgical embryo recovery and transfer are well‐established techniques. However, success rates after superovulation and cryopreservation of embryos in horses are still lagging behind those of cattle, and more research is needed to address these areas. To address the problem of freezing large equine embryos, we offer a preliminary demonstration of a new cryopreservation method which involves reduction of the blastocoelic volume and microinjection of cryopreservative. Successful cryopreservation will improve the ability of practitioners to preserve and implant embryos in recipient mares. Recent advances in the use of equine FSH to induce superovulation in mares brings to the forefront the issue of how to best preserve the large number of embryos that are produced. Finally, the use of sexed semen after superovulation will provide the bovine and equine breeding industry the offspring of the desired sex. 相似文献
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Inhalt An 475 atretischen Schweineoozyten wurde das Kernreifungsvermögen und die Befruchtungsfähigkeit in vitro bzw. in vivo geprüft. Etwa die Hälfte der Eizellen befanden sich bereits intrafollikulär in fortgeschrittenen Stadien der Reifeteilungen (Prometaphase 1 – Metaphase 2). Nach der in vitro bzw. in vivo Kultivierung stieg der Anteil sekundärer Oozyten auf 25,3 bzw. 42,9 % an. Parthenogenetische Vorkernausbildungen und Fragmentationen traten bei etwa 10 % der Oozyten auf. Nach der Übertragung atretischer Eizellen in zuvor gedeckte Empfänger konnten zahlreiche pathologische Befruchtungsformen beobachtet werden, deren Entstehung im Hinblick auf die Kern- und Zytoplasmareifung in degenerierenden und extrakorporal gereiften Oozyten diskutiert wird. Contents Maturation and fertilization capability of atretic pig oocytes in vitro and in vivo 475 atretic porcine oocytes were tested in vitro and in vivo to determine the stage of nuclear maturation and the capacity for fertilization. In more than half of the degenerated follicular oocytes, advanced stages of maturation division (Prometaphase I – Metaphase II) were found. Following culture the number of secondary oocytes in vitro and in vivo rose to 25,3 % or 42,9 % respectively. In about 10 % of the oocytes parthenogenetic pronuclear development and fragmentation occurred. Following the transfer of the atretic oocytes to previously mated recipient sows, many pathological abnormalities of fertilization were found. The development of these abnormalities with respect to nuclear and cytoplasmatic maturation of degenerate and in vitro matured oocytes was discussed. 相似文献
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论述牛卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精的最新研究进展，包括卵丘卵母细胞复合体、卵母细胞的体内、体外成熟，以及体内、体外的异常成熟和卵母细胞的体外成熟方法，无蛋白质、无血清系统的限定性培养液的研究进展，卵母细胞体外成熟状态与标志的某些理论上的突破；体外受精中精子供体的选择、精子活力和正常形态的选择、冷冻解冻精液的体外获能、精子的体外受精力，以及体外的异常受精；还论述了牛卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精技术在家畜育种和胚胎克隆等方面的应用前景 相似文献
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曹君君 《广东畜牧兽医科技》2011,36(2):18-20
为探讨超数排卵对家兔早期胚胎体外发育能力的影响,收集自然发情组和超数排卵处理组交配72 h后家兔胚胎,对经筛选合格的胚胎以小鼠成纤维细胞为饲养层进行体外培养,以自然发情交配的家兔胚胎为对照,观察培养96 h贴壁情况和内细胞团传代能力.超数排卵处理的家兔交配后经筛选所获得的可用胚胎数量增多;其96 h贴壁率和成功传代内细... 相似文献