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1.
Anatomy of the feline mouth is described. Dental occlusion and tooth and periodontal structure are reviewed. Also included is a thorough discussion of dental terminology. 相似文献
2.
There are several factors in the etiopathology of feline resorptive lesions. They may be considered as local immune-response mediating cell and humoral factors; release of biochemical components in dental and paradental tissues to attract odontoclasts; mechanical stress, including occlusal mechanism; and local and systemic calcium regulation, including remodeling of mineralized tissue and dietary intake of calcium. 相似文献
3.
E N Boyce 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(6):1309-1321
Feline periodontal disease has many elements in common with human and canine disease. Anatomic, physiologic, microbiologic, and immunologic differences between the three species make it impossible to predict with certainty whether successful approaches to controlling and treating canine oral disease will also prove successful in cats. We have developed methods for reproducible, quantitative evaluation of feline dental plaque and calculus. Our studies demonstrated that feline plaque accumulation peaks at 1 week after prophylaxis and that calculus peaks at 4 weeks after prophylaxis. These methods should be adequately sensitive to document control of plaque and calculus accumulation by efficacious chemical or antimicrobial agents. 相似文献
4.
El-Warrak AO Ferrer GA Lanthier T Loureiro Silva B El-Warrak LO 《The Journal of small animal practice》2011,52(3):158-162
Objective : To determine the effect of unilateral condylectomy on dental occlusion in cats. Methods : Twelve feline cadaver heads were randomly submitted to either a right or left unilateral condylectomy of the temporo‐mandibular joint. The distance between the mandibular and maxillary canine tooth was measured before (B0) and after the unilateral condylectomy (P0). A right or left latero‐‐lateral standardised force (4 N) was applied to the mandibular mentus area before and after the surgical procedure. These measurements were analysed with a linear model for repeated measures. Results : The comparative analysis between pre‐ and postsurgical values indicated no significant variation in teeth displacement following condylectomy between B0 and P0 measurements. Statistically significant differences were detected after either left or right condylectomy with respect to all measurements after application of the standardised forces. Occlusion changes are significant when comparing bites before and after surgery. Clinical Significance : Unilateral condylectomy causes a significant increase in latero‐lateral amplitude of jaw movement which might clinically affect feline dental occlusion. Clinical studies are required to determine the effect of unilateral condylectomies on mastication and dental occlusion in feline patients. 相似文献
5.
C A Williams M S Aller 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(6):1361-1383
Any alteration in the balance of bacterial challenge versus the host's ability to resist and repair will result in oral lesions that are similar in appearance. The bacterial cause of gingivitis and periodontitis in humans and in all other animals in which it has been studied is firmly established, and specific species of predominantly gram-negative anaerobes have been implicated. Naturally occurring or acquired immunopathologies are likely to result in premature dental disease. When oral disease is associated with the accumulation of plaque, a positive response can be achieved by reducing the bacterial challenge to the host through the maintenance of oral hygiene by timely professional dental prophylaxis and home care. Disease that is the result of atypical immune responses, however, can be much more difficult to manage. Such oral disease can occur with either immune deficiencies or exaggerated immune responses, and it is likely that multiple mechanisms are active concurrently. In any case, gram-negative anaerobes present in plaque are likely to be a major contributing factor. Therefore patients with chronic refractory gingivitis-stomatitis must be considered to be plaque intolerant. Only with a frequent regimen of aggressive and thorough professional dental treatment plus meticulous oral home care on a daily basis can one expect to keep these cases in remission. Because this is often unrealistic, the only other way to keep these patients free of disease is by total dental extraction. The tissues that are colonized by the causative organisms must be eliminated. All root tips and bony sequestra must be removed and healing with intact epithelium accomplished before these cases will go into remission. Edentulous feline patients that continue to have signs of gingivostomatitis have been found to have an area of nonhealed bony sequestrum and chronic osteomyelitis. Once effective debridement has been accomplished and epithelial healing completed, nonresponsive cases can be expected to go into remission (Color Plate 2, Figure 7). It is hoped that as more is learned about this frustrating problem, the many factors influencing feline oral disease will be scientifically documented. In the future, actual diagnoses can be systematically made early on in disease, and treatment will be more than just symptomatic. 相似文献
6.
J M Scarlett J Saidla J Hess 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》1999,35(3):188-192
A cross-sectional study evaluating potential risk factors for odontoclastic resorptive lesions (ORL) in feline teeth was conducted. Owners of 32 cats with ORL and 27 cats without ORL were interviewed regarding their respective cat's demographic characteristics, diet, and medical and dental histories. Four factors were identified as significantly associated with ORL using unconditional logistic regression. A history of dental disease (gingivitis, calculus, or periodontal disease; odds ratio [OR], 4.5); city residence (OR, 4.4); and being an exclusively indoor cat (OR, 4.5) were associated with an increased risk for ORL. Consumption of commercial treats (OR, 0.3) appeared protective for ORL. 相似文献
7.
A 7-month-old, male, Burmese cat was presented with an oral mass that had rapidly regrown following excisional biopsy 3 weeks earlier. The tumour was identified by histological examination as a feline inductive odontogenic tumour. A unilateral segmental mandibulectomy was performed. Although dental malocclusion resulted from mandibular drift to the operated side, the cat displayed minimal dysphagia post-operatively and there was no evidence of tumour regrowth 8 months after surgery. Feline inductive odontogenic tumour is a rare dental tumour described exclusively in cats under 3-years-of-age. Although histopathologically benign, feline inductive odontogenic tumour grows by expansion and can infiltrate underlying bone to cause considerable local destruction. This article is intended to increase awareness of this unusual tumour which, with complete surgical excision, carries a good prognosis. It also emphasises the importance of obtaining a histological diagnosis from oral mass lesions to direct appropriate therapy and to provide an accurate prognosis. 相似文献
8.
Gregg A DuPont 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2005,35(4):943-62, vii-viii
Many feline resorptive lesions are easily diagnosed by clinical oral examination, whereas others require dental radiographs. Radiographs can reveal the presence of resorption, and often the nature of the resorptive process as well. Removal of affected teeth when they cause discomfort, or of the portion of the tooth causing the discomfort, remains the only treatment that provides long-term resolution. Until we understand the etiology of the inciting causes and of the factors contributing to the progression of resorptive lesions, reliable prevention cannot be offered. 相似文献
9.
10.
Alexander M Reiter Krista A Mendoza 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2002,32(4):791-837, v
This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature on feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions (FORLs), including etiopathogenesis, prevalence and predisposition, classification, histopathologic appearance, diagnosis, and treatment. Approximately one-third of all domestic cats may develop FORLs during their life span, and the risk of developing FORLs increases with age. Sophisticated dental treatments promise neither cure nor permanent improvement of affected teeth. Extraction is the current treatment of choice. Research on the etiology of FORLs has not been rewarding in recent years, and the causative factors contributing to the development of FORLs are still unknown. 相似文献
11.
Gauthier O Boudigues S Pilet P Aguado E Heymann D Daculsi G 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2001,18(4):171-176
The cellular activity and changes in mineral composition of dental tissues involved in feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions were investigated. Teeth with at least 1 lesion (n = 10) were extracted from 10 different cats that were presented primarily for chronic gingivostomatitis and/or severe periodontal disease. Scanning electron microscopic methods were used to determine the presence of resorptive cells in 8 teeth while 2 teeth were evaluated for pathologic changes in dental mineral composition. Observations were complicated by the presence of organic wear on the dental surfaces, however resorptive cells could be clearly identified in feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions. Resorptive cells had morphologic features indicative of "osteoclast-like" cells or odontoclasts. Resorptive cell activity created a resorption area of darker dentin continuous with physiologic dentin. The darker dentin area seemed poorly mineralized and showed a significantly lower calcium/phosphorous ratio compared with adjacent physiologic denting in 1 tooth. A significantly higher level of magnesium combined with available carbonate ions may have increased the solubility in areas of darker dentin. 相似文献
12.
Periodontal disease and chronic gingivitis/stomatitis are the most common feline dental diseases. With routine dental care and increased emphasis on home oral hygiene, these diseases can be controlled. Cats can be seen with a number of other dental disorders, and improved treatment methods such as restorations of early subgingival resorptive lesions, endodontic therapy, and orthodontic therapy can be performed successfully. More study and research are necessary about the gingivitis/stomatitis syndrome and subgingival resorptive lesions so that improved prevention and treatment recommendations can be made. 相似文献
13.
The Schild excavation (1971-1975) unearthed 1871 feline bones from at least 181 cats from the town market in medieval Schleswig-Gottorf. Seven of the 189 mandibles and one of the 126 skulls were investigated using a combination of macroscopic, radiographic, and histologic examinations as well as Knoop hardness measurements. The preliminary results of examinations of three mandibles and one skull are presented and reveal that feline dental resorptive lesions were present in cats that lived in a settlement period dating from the 13th and 14th centuries in former Schleswig, Germany. 相似文献
14.
Márcio Botelho de Castro Karin Werther Guilherme Sellera Godoy Vivian Palmeira Borges Antonio Carlos Alessi 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2003,34(1):100-102
Little is known about neoplasia in the jaguar (Panthera onca), the largest American feline. A captive black jaguar was diagnosed at necropsy with a mastocytic form of visceral mast cell tumor similar to that which occurs in domestic cats. This animal had no previous clinical disease and died during anesthesia for a routine dental treatment. 相似文献
15.
Immunological features of feline lymphocytes, immunoglobulins, monocytes/macrophages, cytokines, major histocompatibility complex and delayed-type hypersensitivity are reviewed. Attention is given to the comparison of the feline immune system with the immune systems of humans and other animals. Also presented is information on the modification of feline immunity by pathogens. 相似文献
16.
The furcation region morphology was evaluated in 103 mature feline carnassial teeth (54 maxillary fourth premolar and 49 mandibular first molar teeth). Patent furcation canals were present in 27.2% of teeth. No significant difference (p = 0.88) in distribution of this anatomical variation was found between maxillary fourth premolar and mandibular first molar teeth. The mean width of these furcation canals was 104.0 microns with two-thirds of the canals having a buccal orientation. The presence of furcation canals could be a factor in the etiopathogenesis of feline dental resorptive lesions, as well as a characteristic to be considered in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of endodontic or periodontic-endodontic lesions in cat teeth. 相似文献
17.
C. Folkers A.M.M. Hoogenboom 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1978,1(1-2)
A number of cat colonies in The Netherlands, in which upper respiratory tract disease (U.R.D.) was endemic, were examined for the presence of feline herpes virus (H) and feline calici virus (C) infections. In total 108 cats were examined. In 59% of the cases feline calici virus was isolated and feline herpes virus in 39% of the cases. Mixed infections were found in 26% of the cats. The virus isolates were all neutralised by anti-sera against attenuated strains of feline herpes virus and feline calici virus which are incorporated in a newly developed combined C-H vaccine against U.R.D. in cats. Intranasal application of this vaccine induced a distinct increase in resistance against experimental challenge with virulent C and H, as soon as 24 hours after vaccination. 相似文献
18.
Mandibles of two cats containing carious lesions were discovered among the previously published findings of feline dental resorptive lesions from materials examined at an archaeological museum. These lesions were too small to be noted on radiographs, and consisted of two inconspicuous enamel lesions in a mandibular left first molar tooth (309), a clinically visible white spot area containing an enamel lesion in a mandibular left fourth premolar tooth (308), and a root surface caries in the 308 of a different specimen. Histologic examination using special stains and polarized light revealed both initial and early initial stage enamel caries, as well as root surface caries. Knoop hardness measurements confirmed these findings, considered the first documented cases of feline caries. 相似文献
19.
Marcello R. Roza Luiz Antonio F. Silva Mauricio Barriviera Alessandro L. Janu��rio Ana Cristina B. Bezerra Maria Clorinda S. Fioravanti 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(4):387-392
The development of veterinary dentistry has substantially improved the ability to diagnose canine and feline dental abnormalities. Consequently, examinations previously performed only on humans are now available for small animals, thus improving the diagnostic quality. This has increased the need for technical qualification of veterinary professionals and increased technological investments. This study evaluated the use of cone beam computed tomography and intraoral radiography as complementary exams for diagnosing dental abnormalities in dogs and cats. Cone beam computed tomography was provided faster image acquisition with high image quality, was associated with low ionizing radiation levels, enabled image editing, and reduced the exam duration. Our results showed that radiography was an effective method for dental radiographic examination with low cost and fast execution times, and can be performed during surgical procedures. 相似文献
20.
A J McKeirnan J F Evermann E V Davis R L Ott 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(2):212-216
Two feline coronaviruses were characterized to determine their biological properties in vitro and their antigenic relatedness to a previously recognized feline infectious peritonitis virus and canine coronavirus. The viruses, designated WSU 79-1146 and WSU 79-1683, were shown to have comparable growth curves with the prototype feline infectious peritonitis virus. Treatment of the feline infectious peritonitis virus strains with 0.25% trypsin indicated that they were relatively resistant to proteolytic inactivation when compared with the feline enteric coronavirus strain. This observation may serve as a useful in vitro marker to distinguish closely related members of the feline coronavirus group. Plaque assay results indicated that the feline infectious peritonitis virus strains produced large homogeneous plaques in comparison to the feline enteric coronavirus strain and canine coronavirus, which showed a heterogenous plaque size distribution. No naturally temperature sensitive mutants were detected in either of the feline coronavirus populations. Both of the viruses were antigenically related to feline infectious peritonitis virus and to a lesser extent to canine coronavirus by virus neutralization. 相似文献