首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
The abilities of pulmonary angiography, digital subtraction angiography and ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q) to detect experimental acute pulmonary emboli were evaluated in a group of 18 research dogs. Emboli were produced by forceful intravenous injection of clotted blood. In five dogs, emboli were labeled with thallium-201 prior to reinjection so that embolus position could be confirmed on scintigraphic studies.
Studies were independently reviewed by three observers. Results were combined so that the relative sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of each imaging technique could be compared using chi-square and receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. Digital subtraction angiography and V/Q studies proved to be significantly more specific and accurate than conventional pulmonary angiography. V/Q studies were uniformly of good to excellent quality while the quality of digital subtraction angiography studies was variable depending on the adverse effects of respiratory motion. It was concluded that ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy is the best available method to screen dogs suspected of having pulmonary thromboembolism.  相似文献   

2.
Scintigraphic changes, i.e. , increased activity, were induced by 1% papain, dissolved in phosphate-buffered physiologic saline (pH 7.4), injected into one antebrachiocarpal joint in each of eight dogs. Scintigraphic evaluation was by the use of combined blood pool and bone phase scintigraphy of affected and normal carpi over a 28-day period. The qualitative and quantitative scintigraphic appearance in injected carpal joints were very similar in both blood pool and bone phases. The clinical use of combined blood pool and bone phase scintigraphy to diagnose early inflammatory joint changes appears limited.  相似文献   

3.
Transsplenic portal scintigraphy using sodium pertechnetate is superior to per-rectal portal scintigraphy due to improved visualization of the portal vasculature with decreased patient and personnel exposure. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of 99mTc-mebrofenin, the radiopharmaceutical of choice for the evaluation of hepatic function, in place of pertechnetate for transsplenic portal scintigraphy in normal dogs. Sixteen juvenile dogs underwent transsplenic portal scintigraphy using 37-130 MBq 99mTc-mebrofenin in a 0.2-0.5 ml volume. After the initial dynamic acquisition obtained at 4 frames/s in right lateral recumbency, static right lateral, and ventral views were obtained at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min. A nuclear angiogram of the splenic and portal veins was visible in all dogs, followed by rapid distribution of the radiopharmaceutical in the liver. Hepatic morphology was more easily defined than with pertechnetate. Transit time could not be calculated due to the high hepatic extraction of 99mTc-mebrofenin. Mean +/- SD shunt fraction was 0.8 +/- 0.8%. Time to peak liver activity was 3.1 +/- 1.1 min, and hepatic excretion T1/2 was 19.4 +/- 6.3 min. No visible blood pool and cardiac activity was seen after 5 min. The mean +/- SD time to visualization of defined biliary activity was 8.8 +/- 2.9 min. Absorption from the spleen was significantly higher than that reported for pertechnetate (87.9 +/- 8.2%, vs. 52.5 +/- 19.1%). 99mTc-mebrofenin can be used in place of pertechnetate for transsplenic portal scintigraphy, with the advantage of combining quantitative parameters of liver function with the already known advantage of transsplenic portal scintigraphy.  相似文献   

4.
Reasons for performing study: The effect of palmar osteochondral disease lesions on performance of Thoroughbred (TB) racehorses is unclear. There is a need to describe patterns of radiopharmaceutical uptake (IRU) in fetlock joints of TB racehorses and to evaluate post scintigraphy performance. Hypotheses: IRU in the metacarpal (MC) and metatarsal (MT) condyles is more common than IRU in the parasagittal grooves and is associated with poorer post diagnosis performance than controls. Methods: Location of IRU within the fetlock region was identified and graded subjectively in TB racehorses. Performance variables were determined from race records for horses with moderate/marked MC/MT condylar IRU (cases), other horses undergoing scintigraphy (scintigraphy controls) and age/sex matched controls from the last race in which a case participated (controls). Statistical analyses included quantile regression, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan‐Meier survival curves, log‐rank test and Cox regression. Results: Metacarpal/MT condylar IRU was identified in 103/220 horses with only 3/220 having parasagittal IRU. Moderate/marked IRU was identified in the MC and MT condylar regions in 62 and 39 horses, respectively, with palmaromedial and plantarolateral IRU most common. Fore‐ and hindlimb cases had fewer starts, reduced earnings (P<0.001) and reduced earnings/start than controls respectively. Cases were more likely to return to racing later than controls following a rest period. Cases were older than scintigraphy controls. Conclusions: In TB racehorses presenting for lameness MC/MT condylar IRU is the most common abnormality identified within the fetlock joint. Racehorses with moderate/marked condylar IRU have a shortened racing career, are less successful than age/sex matched controls and are older than other racehorses presented for scintigraphy. Potential relevance: Overload of the MC/MT condyles is a common and significant problem in TB racehorses that is readily identified with scintigraphy. Scintigraphy of horses that are lame or performing poorly is less useful for screening for potential condylar fractures.  相似文献   

5.
The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of serial bone scintigraphy in the detection of skeletal and extraskeletal metastases in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma. Twenty-six dogs with primary, appendicular osteosarcoma were entered into a limb-sparing protocol. Bone scintigraphy was performed upon presentation, after neoadjuvant therapy but prior to surgery and at selective intervals after limb-sparing surgery to evaluate for the presence of metastasis. Thoracic radiographs, and radiographs of other sites, were also made at the time of each bone scan. All dogs had a complete necropsy. No dog had bone or lung metastases detected prior to treatment. The bone scans, medical records, and radiographs of each dog were reviewed retrospectively. All but one dog developed metastatic disease. Bone metastatic sites were confirmed at necropsy in 12 of the 26 dogs. Seven of these 12 dogs had bone metastatic sites which were not producing clinical signs, i.e. an occult metastasis. In five of the seven dogs, the occult site was the first metastatic site detected. Extraskeletal metastases were identified scintigraphically in six of the 26 dogs, but these were clinically apparent prior to bone scintigraphy in each dog. Suspected malignant scintigraphic lesions were proven benign in six dogs. In five dogs with malignant bone lesions at necropsy the last bone scan prior to euthanasia was normal. The time interval between scintigraphy and necropsy was variable in these five dogs. All dogs without bone metastases at necropsy had normal bone scans. This study validates the usefulness of bone scintigraphy for detection of occult bone metastasis and improved ability for tumor staging in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma.  相似文献   

6.
Gallium scintigraphy was used to evaluate therapeutic response in a 10-year-old, male, Dutch sheepdog, suffering from an oral melanoma. Treatment was performed with a combination of carboplatin and hypofractionated radiation. Nineteen weeks after radiation therapy, the left submandibular lymph node was surgically removed because of metastatic disease. Thirty weeks after radiation therapy, 67Gallium scintigraphy was performed to assess for residual disease and metastasis. Increased uptake in the right submandibular lymph node area was noted and identified as a melanoma metastasis on cytology. Surgical excision was performed. Twenty-one weeks later, the dog was euthanased because of advanced pulmonary metastases. This report of a case of oral melanoma illustrates the advantages of 67Gallium scintigraphy in monitoring for the presence of metastatic disease and effectiveness of therapy.  相似文献   

7.
High-resolution ultrasonography was evaluated as an alternative to 99mTcO-4 scintigraphy for examining size and appearance of thyroid glands in hyperthyroid cats. Thyroid ultrasound examinations were performed on 6 normal cats and 14 cats with hyperthyroidism. Thyroid lobe volume was estimated from ultrasound images using the equation for a prolate ellipsoid, π/6 (length * height * width). Total thyroid volume was estimated by adding the volume estimations of the left and right lobes. Thyroid lobes of hyperthyroid cats were considered abnormal if estimated volume exceeded the 99% confidence interval for normal thyroid volume determined from the control group. Scintigraphic examinations performed on hyperthyroid cats were evaluated for unilateral versus bilateral disease and for the presence of ectopic activity. Mean thyroid lobe volume and total thyroid volume for normal cats was 85 and 169 mm3, respectively. Mean thyroid lobe volume and total thyroid volume for hyperthyroid cats was 578 and 889 mm3. There was a significant difference in mean estimated total thyroid volume of normal and hyperthyroid cats. Thyroid lobes with greater than normal TcO-4 uptake on scintigraphy were larger and had variable homogeneity, echogenicity, and margination on ultrasound examination. There also was an 85.7% agreement of scintigraphy and ultrasonography in differentiating normal from abnormal thyroid lobes. A fair correlation between estimated total thyroid volume of hyperthyroid cats and most recent pretherapy serum thyroxine values were also found. This preliminary study indicates that thyroid ultrasound examination may provide information that is useful for diagnosis and treatment of feline hyperthyroidism. Although ultrasound provides accurate evaluation of the thyroid glands, it cannot replace 99mTcO-4 scintigraphy for screening of metastatic lesions and ectopic glands.  相似文献   

8.
Gregory B.  Daniel  DVM  MS  Ronald  Bright DVM  MS  Eric  Monnet  DVM  Paul  Ollis  RT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1990,31(4):175-181
Per-rectal portal scintigraphy using tech-netium-99m pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) was performed in 8 normal dogs before and after surgical creation of a portacaval shunt. Shunt fractions were calculated by computer assisted analysis of dynamic images (IMG) and compared to shunt fractions determined by mesenteric venous injection of radioactive microspheres (MIC). The mean pre-operative shunt fraction was 1.59% using IMG and 3.00% using MCI. The mean postoperative shunt fraction was 64.56% using IMG and 69.56% using MIC. There was excellent correlation between both methods (r2 0.94). Per-rectal portal scintigraphy is an easily performed, inexpensive method to diagnose and quantify portosystemic shunts in dogs.  相似文献   

9.
PULMONARY MINERALIZATION IN FOUR DOGS WITH CUSHING'S SYNDROME   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The clinical and imaging features of four dogs with Cushing's syndrome and pulmonary mineralization are reviewed. Three dogs presented with a primary complaint of respiratory distress/dyspnea. Three dogs had pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome, while the remaining one dog had iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. Each dog had clinical features typical for Cushing's syndrome. Two of the dogs were euthanized due to progressive hypoxemia. In each dog, the serum calcium, phosphorous, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were normal.
A generalized increase in unstructured interstitial pulmonary opacity with diffuse mineralization was noted on thoracic radiographs of all dogs. In one dog, an ill-defined nodular interstitial pattern of mineralization was present. Delayed bone phase scintigraphy using 99mTechnetium methylene diphosphonate documented generalized pulmonary uptake in two dogs. 99mTechnetium labeled microaggregated albumin lung perfusion scans were normal in these two dogs. 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy can provide useful information in diagnosing pulmonary mineralization in Cushingoid dogs.  相似文献   

10.
Radiography and soft tissue- and bone-phase scintigraphy were performed on 14 clinically normal horses and 35 horses in which definite, probable, or possible navicular disease had been diagnosed. The specificity of radiography and scintigraphy in revealing signs of navicular disease were nearly equal; however, the sensitivity of scintigraphy appeared to be greater than that of radiography. The greatest sensitivity and specificity were achieved when the results of radiography and scintigraphy were evaluated together. Differences in sensitivity were greatest when scintigraphy revealed lesions not detected by radiography. Although a diagnosis of navicular disease was sometimes made when only soft tissue-phase or only bone-phase scintigraphy revealed lesions, results obtained during the 2 phases generally were similar. It was concluded that scintigraphy can be a valuable aid in diagnosing navicular disease in horses, especially when radiographic findings do not support clinical findings.  相似文献   

11.
A 13-year-old neutered female Yorkshire terrier presented with a history of progressive episodic weakness and disorientation of 4 months duration. Physical and neurologic examinations were normal at presentation. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a mass involving the right adrenal gland. Standard planar scintigraphy was performed at 4, 18, and 24 hours after intravenous injection 185 MBq (5mCi) of 123I-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG). An area of focal intense uptake was identified in the area of the right adrenal gland. A pheochromocytoma was confirmed histologically after surgical excision.  相似文献   

12.
Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy using 99mTc-2,6 diisopropylphenylcarbamoylmethyl iminodiacetic acid (DISIDA) was performed in normal dogs. 99mTc-DISIDA is excreted by the hepatocyte into the biliary tract. Hepatic blood flow from arterial and portal venous sources was measured as the hepatic perfusion index. The hepatic clearance of the radiopharmaceutical was used to assess hepatocyte function and parenchymal biliary transport. Biliary ejection was evaluated using synthetic cholecystokinin infusion. The procedure should be useful in evaluating dogs with hepatic and biliary disease.  相似文献   

13.
Per rectal portal scintigraphy using 99mTechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) was used to diagnose portosystemic shunts (PSS) before surgical confirmation in seven dogs and two cats. Shunt fractions, representing the percent of portal blood that bypasses the liver, were determined by computer analysis of the scintigraphic images. Animals with portosystemic shunts had a mean preoperative shunt fraction of 84.02% (n = 9). The mean postoperative shunt fraction in four animals was 58.22%. The mean shunt fraction in ten control dogs was 5.00%. Per rectal portal scintigraphy is an innovative, easily performed, inexpensive method to diagnose congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

14.
Horses undergoing skeletal scintigraphy can have decreased radiopharmaceutical bone uptake in the limbs. This reduces the diagnostic value of the scan. The aim of the present study was to measure the changes in count density caused by vasodilatation and increased blood flow associated with intravenous injection of acepromazine during bone scintigraphy in normal horses. A three-phase bone scan was performed twice in 11 adult horses to study the effects of acepromazine on the count density of the resultant scintigrams. With acepromazine, there was a statistically significant mean difference of 12 s for initial blood flow and 21 s for peak flow. The time to initial blood flow and time to peak flow occurred earlier for the scans in which acepromazine was used. There were no significant differences in the bone to soft tissue ratios during the soft tissue and bone phases of the scan between procedures. Intravenous administration of acepromazine increases peripheral blood flow causing an earlier onset of the vascular phase during the three-phase bone scan. Acepromazine did not increase the count density of the bone phase scintigrams. As expected, the vasodilatation and increased blood flow associated with intravenous injection of acepromazine affected the count density of the vascular phase of the bone scan.  相似文献   

15.
This study reports data obtained from per-rectal 99mTc-pertechnetate portal scintigraphy in normal cats. It examines the effects of chemical restraint and the methods employed in defining regions of interest (ROIs) on the shunt index derived from this data. Six normal cats were used for the study; all six were chemically restrained for imaging using propofol and later four of them were manually restrained for comparison. Portal blood flow was studied and the mean shunt index was found to be 5.9%± 3.9 when ROIs were operator defined and 9.2%± 4.4 when ROIs were defined using an isocontour program. In cats that were restrained using propofol and operator defined ROIs, the mean value for the time between detection of radioactivity in the liver and in the heart was 14 ± 1 seconds.  相似文献   

16.
This study was undertaken to design protocol for use of radioaerosol of technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) for ventilation imaging as clinical tool in the dog and to evaluate imaging characteristics in both normal dogs and dogs with simulated pulmonary embolism. Clearance of the 99mTc-DTPA radioaerosol from the lung was also evaluated. Six normal dogs were used in two phases: (1) as their own controls and (2) during pulmonary artery occlusion using Swan-Ganz catheter. Radioaerosol ventilation images were obtained and rate of clearance from normal and occluded lungs determined. Perfusion studies using technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) immediately followed. Clearance half-times (T1/2) were found to be significantly increased (p < 0.05) in acutely occluded lungs; however, the small magnitude of this change was visually difficult to detect on the ventilation images. Good quality initial ventilation and perfusion images were obtained and provided ready evaluation of ventilation (V), perfusion (Q), and induced V/Q mismatches. A clinical case of pulmonary thromboembolic disease was also evaluated with diagnostic result, indicating that this method of V/Q scintigraphy can provide useful information in those clinical cases in which pulmonary thromboembolism is suspected.  相似文献   

17.
This retrospective, methods comparison study aimed to compare skeletal scintigraphy and 18F-NaF positron emission tomography (PET) for the detection of abnormalities in the fetlocks of Thoroughbred racehorses. Thirty-three horses (72 limbs) imaged with both scintigraphy and 18F-NaF PET, for investigation of lameness or poor performance related to the fetlock, were included. Seven observers, including experienced racetrack practitioners, surgery and imaging residents, and a board-certified veterinary radiologist, independently reviewed all data for evidence of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in 10 different regions of interest. The interobserver agreement was higher for PET (Kappa-weighted (K-w) 0.73 (0.51–0.84)) (median (range)) than for scintigraphy (0.61 (0.40–0.77)) (P < 0.0001). When scintigraphy and PET were compared, the agreement was fair (K-w 0.29). More sites of increased uptake were identified using PET compared with scintigraphy. Agreement between the two modalities was higher for the palmar/plantar metacarpal/metatarsal condylar regions (K-w 0.59) than for the proximal sesamoid bones (K-w 0.25). Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake was detected in the medial proximal sesamoid bone in 6.9% and 22.2% of limbs with scintigraphy and PET, respectively. The high interobserver agreement for PET, despite the recent introduction of this technique, demonstrates the ease of clinical interpretation of PET scans. The higher number of lesions detected with PET compared with scintigraphy can be explained by the higher spatial resolution and cross-sectional nature of this modality. Study findings supported using PET in a clinical population of racehorses, in particular for the assessment of the proximal sesamoid bones.  相似文献   

18.
In this study, 25 dogs each with a histopathologically diagnosed appendicular or axial osteosarcoma were prospectively and consecutively examined by methylene diphosphate nuclear scintigraphy. Scannings that revealed scintigraphically enhanced focal increased activity via bone uptake of the 99mTc methylene diphosphate radionuclide at sites other than the primary tumor site were compared with scintigrams obtained from dogs without osteosarcoma. Secondary scintigraphic sites were evaluated by survey radiography and, if possible, by histologic examination (biopsy or necropsy specimens). On the basis of our findings, scintigraphy seems to be more efficient than physical examination and radiographic bone survey for the diagnosis of multicentric, metachronous, or metastatic canine osteosarcoma.  相似文献   

19.
OBJECTIVE: To use nuclear scintigraphy to establish a range of gastric emptying half times (t1/2) following a liquid or solid meal in nonsedated cats. ANIMALS: 12 clinically normal 3-year-old domestic shorthair cats. PROCEDURE: A test meal of 75 g of scrambled eggs labeled with technetium Tc 99m tin colloid was fed to 10 of the cats, and solid-phase gastric emptying t1/2 were determined by use of nuclear scintigraphy. In a separate experiment, 8 of these cats plus an additional 2 cats were fed 18 ml (n = 5) or 36 ml (n = 5) of a nutrient liquid meal labeled with technetium Tc 99m pentetate. Liquid-phase gastric emptying t1/2 then were determined by use of scintigraphy. RESULTS: Solid-phase gastric emptying t1/2 were between 210 and 769 minutes (median, 330 minutes). Median liquid-phase gastric emptying t1/2 after ingestion of 18 or 36 ml of the test meal were 67 minutes (range, 60 to 96 minutes) and 117 minutes (range, 101 to 170 minutes), respectively. The median t1/2 determined for cats receiving 18 ml of the radiolabeled liquid was significantly less than that determined for cats receiving 36 ml of the test meal. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The protocol was tolerated by nonsedated cats. Solid-phase gastric emptying t1/2 were prolonged, compared with liquid-phase t1/2, and a major factor governing the emptying rate of liquids was the volume consumed. Nuclear scintigraphy may prove useful in assessing gastric motility disorders in cats.  相似文献   

20.
Somatostatin receptors expressed by insulinomas in 5 dogs were imaged in vivo by means of indium in 111 pentetreotide (OctreoScan) scintigraphy. The diagnosis in each dog was supported by the presence of hypoglycemia (<60 mg/dL), hyperinsulinemia (>20 microU/mL), and histopathologic review of neoplastic tissue. All insulinomas expressed high-affinity somatostatin receptors of subtype sst2, as shown by receptor autoradiography in vitro using 125I-[tyrosine3]-octreotide and 125I-[leucine8, Dtryptophan22, tyrosine25]-somatostatin-28 with an sst2 subtype-selective analogue. Scintigrams were obtained at 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after the i.v. administration of 74-222 MBq of OctreoScan to each patient. Abnormal foci of activity were 1st observed from 1 hour after administration of the radioligand in dog 3, to 24 hours after its administration in dog 4; in dogs 1 and 2, abnormal foci of activity were visible from 12 hours. Dog 5 showed a questionable abnormal focus of activity at 12 hours, but not at 24 hours. Scintigraphy enabled accurate prediction of the anatomical location of the primary tumor in 1 of 4 dogs, but was unable to differentiate a right- from a left-pancreatic lobe tumor, or vice versa, in 3 dogs; the 5th dog had equivocal results. 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy is a useful diagnostic adjunct to the clinical evaluation of the insulinoma patient, but is unable to localize the tumor in some cases.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号