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马立克氏病（Marek’。Disease，简称MD）是严重危害养鸡业的主要传染病之一。预防接种是控制该病的有效手段。但是近年来在有些以HVT疫苗免疫过的鸡群中，MD发病率仍然较高。本文就以MD单价苗、二价苗和三价苗免疫不同的鸡群所产生的不同效果进行观察与分析。正材料与方法1．二疫苗单价苗为HVT冻干疫苗，病毒为血清皿型HVT－FC126株，由南京生物制品厂生产。二价苗为MDVI型几株和HVT－FC126珠制备的细胞苗，由江苏家禽研究所生产、三价苗为MDV致弱株814株、Z＃和HVT－FC126组成的细胞苗，由哈尔滨兽医研究所生产。1．2试验… 相似文献
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刘长军 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2004,(1):51-51
鸡马立克氏病(MD)是由马立克氏病毒(MDV)引起的一种鸡的淋巴组织增生性疾病,引起鸡群的高死亡率及免疫抑制,对养禽业危害巨大。应用疫苗免疫是防制该病的主要方法。中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所研制的MD活疫苗814株及三价活疫苗可以有效地防制该病。MD活疫苗(814株)其疫苗种毒MDV“814”株系从多年未发生过MD的鸡场分离,属于MDV血清I型自然弱毒株,而非人工致弱毒株,实验室试验证明该疫苗预防效力比火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)疫苗高28.5%,实际预防效力能使MD的死亡率由HVT预防的>7%下降到<2%。而且814疫苗株的预防效力受同种母源抗体的… 相似文献
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鸡马立克氏病Z4＋HVT二价苗的免疫效力试验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
用鸡马立克氏病(MD)血清Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型病毒制备了几种二价苗和单价苗。在实验室以高度易感的SPF鸡和商品鸡进行疫苗的免疫效力试验。结果表明,马立克氏病病毒(MDV)血清Ⅱ型毒株和Ⅲ型毒株之间存在协同保护作用。由血清Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型病毒组成的二价苗免疫效果明显优于单价苗。在以SPF鸡进行的免疫效力试验中,Z_4+HVT、SB_1+HVT、HVT、Z_4和SB_1的保护指数分别为78.9、78.6、41.7、46.7、和45.0;在以商品鸡进行的免疫效力试验中,Z_4+HVT、SB_1+HVT、HVT、Z_4和SB_1的保护指数分别为93.9、88.1、64.3、69.4和60.8。我们还用琼扩试验检查了强毒攻击后不同时期鸡羽囊排毒情况,发现Z_4+HVT二价苗抑制排毒的作用要比SB_1+HVT二价苗强。 相似文献
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用814、SB-1和HVT FC-126三种血清型的马立克氏病(MD)疫菌株组合成二个MD双价疫苗和一个MD三价疫苗。免疫实验比较证明,MD三价疫苗的MD减少率均为90％以上;二个MD双价苗的MD减少率也都在80％以上。还测定了MD二价和三价疫苗中814,SB-1和HVT疫苗株组合的有效免疫配比剂量。区域性实验结果证明,MD三价疫苗可以有效地降低MD的发病率。 相似文献
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应用马立克氏病病毒（ Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ）２ 型 Ｚ４ 株和 ３ 型 Ｈ Ｖ Ｔ 联合和单独免疫鸡，结果表明，双价疫苗免疫的鸡，其 Ｈ Ｖ Ｔ 病毒血症与单独 Ｈ Ｖ Ｔ 免疫鸡相比，差异不显著，但是联合免疫能诱导机体产生更强的抗 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ１型的细胞和体液免疫应答。疫苗保护试验进一步证实，双价疫苗明显优于单价疫苗，能显著减少 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ 强毒在体内生产性感染和潜伏感染的水平，减少 Ｍ Ｄ 的肿瘤发生率。 相似文献
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本文对高效表达鸡马立克氏病(MD)血清Ⅰ型疫苗毒株CVI988／Kispem gB基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPV—gB/R)和火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)组成MD二价冻干疫苗时MD超强毒株(vvMDV)Md5和RB1B攻击后的免疫保护效果，实验室免疫效力试验的结果表明，HVT rFPV—gB／R二价冻千苗时超强毒株Md5和RB1B攻击时的免疫保护效果明显优于HVT冻干苗，接近CVI988／Rfispens的水平，本研究证明HVT rFPV—gB／R二价冻干疫苗是一种安全、方便、高效的疫苗。 相似文献
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为了解H5亚型重组禽流感Re-6株灭活疫苗在鸡、鸭免疫后的抗体消长规律,本实验分别选择一个鸡场和鸭场开展了临床免疫实验。实验鸡群于14日龄首免单价疫苗(Re-6株)和H5亚型二价疫苗(Re-6株+Re-4株)后,在30日龄~200日龄不同时间点采血检测Re-6抗体,结果表明,二价疫苗比单价疫苗免疫后的Re-6免疫抗体产生早、效价高、抗体整齐度好;40日龄二免后20 d,二价疫苗和单价疫苗的Re-6免疫抗体消长规律趋于一致。实验鸭群于17日龄分别采用禽流感(H5+H9)双价灭活疫苗和单价灭活疫苗(H5N1亚型,Re-6株)进行免疫,免后45日龄~205日龄不同时间点检测Re-6抗体,结果表明,双价疫苗与单价疫苗均可以诱导免疫鸭产生高水平抗体,而且两种疫苗的消长规律相似。此外,45日龄二免Re-6株疫苗的免疫程序要优于70日龄二免的免疫程序。本研究评估Re-6疫苗的防控效果,为家禽H5亚型禽流感免疫防制提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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选用SPF种蛋孵化的京白鸡60只,随机分为三组,即马立克氏病单价苗组(2000PFU HVT)、双价苗组(2000 PFU HVT 1200 PFU SB—1)以及攻毒对照组.应用组织学和透射电镜等手段对两种疫苗的免疫保护效应进行了比较病理学研究.结果证明,双价苗免疫鸡,MD发病数显著减少,发病时间推迟,病变程度明显减轻,法氏囊有大量具有分泌活性的浆细胞;单价苗免疫鸡发病数较对照组略有减少,但对延缓或减轻MD肿瘤的发生无明显作用,在法氏囊网状细胞胞浆中、核碎片附近和细胞间隙中存在大量无囊膜的马立克氏病病毒粒子,残存的细胞发生变性、坏死.由此认为,双价苗对实验性鸡马立克氏病的免疫效果明显优于HVT单价苗. 相似文献
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Protective efficacy of Marek's disease virus (MDV) CVI-988 CEF65 clone C against challenge infection with three very virulent MDV strains 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Comparative 50% protective dose (PD50) assays were performed using a plaque-purified preparation of Marek's disease virus (MDV) strain CVI-988 at the 65th chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) passage level (MDV CVI-988 CEF65 clone C) and three commercial MD vaccines: herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) FC126, MDV CVI-988 CEF35, and a bivalent vaccine composed of HVT FC126 and MDV SB-1. In addition, comparative PD50 assays were performed in groups of chickens with maternal antibody to each of the three vaccines. Three representatives of the newly emerged biovariant very virulent (vv) MDV strains-RB/1B, Tun, and Md5-were employed as challenge virus. The experiments made feasible the differentiation between virulent MDV and vvMDV strains, within serotype 1. Vaccination with CVI-988 clone C vaccine resulted in PD50 estimates of about 5 plaque-forming units (PFUs) against challenge infection with each of the three vvMDV strains. The PD50 estimate of CVI-988 clone C vaccine was 12-fold below the PD50 of HVT FC126. The protective synergism of bivalent vaccine, composed of HVT and SB-1, was confirmed by groups given the lowest vaccine doses. The bivalent vaccine, however, resulted in incomplete protection in groups given the highest vaccine doses. Homologous maternal antibodies to serotype 1 caused a fivefold increase in the PD50 estimate of CVI-988 clone C. Heterologous maternal antibodies against HVT did not interfere with efficacy of CVI-988 clone C vaccination. However, the combination of maternal antibodies against both HVT and SB-1 (serotypes 2 and 3) showed a strong adverse effect on CVI-988 clone C vaccine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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由于CVI988/Rispense疫苗优良的免疫特性,已经被认为是目前防控马立克氏病（Marek＇sdisease,MD）效果最好的疫苗。然而,近年来随着马立克病毒（Marek＇sdisease virus,MDV）毒力的不断增强。CVI988/Rispense需要与MDV-Ⅱ或者HVT联合使用才能防止免疫失败的发生。本实验通过空斑计数和间接免疫荧光相结合的方法测定了马立克病毒CVI988/Rispense＋FC126二价活疫苗的效价。结果显示批次A中CVI988为4400PFU/dose,HVT为2600/dose;批次B中CVI988为4800PFU/dose,HVT为2400PFU/dose;批次C中CVI988为4600PFU/dose,HVT为2800PFU/dose。所得结果均显著高于国家标准CVI988不少于2000PFU/dose,HVT不少于1000PFU/dose,并且批次之间非常稳定,适合用作鸡群马立克氏病的防控。 相似文献
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鸡马立克氏病活疫苗免疫效力比较试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用ＨＶＴ冻干苗、ＨＶＴ细胞结合苗、ＣＶＩ９８８细胞结合苗、ＳＢ１＋ＦＣ１２６双价活疫苗、３０１Ｂ／１＋ＦＣ１２６双价活疫苗和Ｚ４＋ＦＣ１２６双价活疫苗等６种鸡马立克氏病（ＭＤ）疫苗免疫ＳＰＦ白来航鸡或普通伊莎鸡，用鸡马立克氏病病毒（ＭＤＶ）强毒ＧＡ株、京－１血毒以及鸡马立克氏病超强毒ｖｖＭＤＶ－Ｍｄ５毒株分别攻击进行免疫效力比较试验。试验表明，ＭＤ单价苗的免疫效力强弱顺序依次是ＣＶＩ９８８、ＨＶＴ细胞结合苗和ＨＶＴ冻干苗，这３种ＭＤ单价苗均能给免疫鸡群提供有效的免疫保护力。ＳＢ１＋ＦＣ１２６、Ｚ４＋ＦＣ１２６和３０１Ｂ／１＋ＦＣ１２６等３种ＭＤ双价苗免疫效力显著高于ＭＤ单价苗，均能给免疫鸡群提供较强的免疫保护力，并能有效地抵抗ｖｖＭＤＶ－Ｍｄ５毒株的致瘤作用。Ｚ４＋ＦＣ１２６和３０１Ｂ／１＋ＦＣ１２６ＭＤ双价苗免疫效力无显著差异 相似文献
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鸡马立克氏病三价疫苗的安全性及免疫效力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将MD三价疫苗以25000PFU／只的剂量颈部皮下接种1日龄SPF雏鸡，结果表明，疫苗的接种不影响鸡体重的增加；不引起鸡法氏囊、脾脏等组织器官发生MD组织病理学变化，对鸡安全无毒性。用SPF鸡评价MD三价疫苗的免疫效力，三批疫苗对RB1B超强毒株攻击的平均保护效力为95．99％，而且无论是用RB1B超强毒株还是用BJMDV-1血毒攻击，MD三价疫苗的保护效力明显高于HVT＋SB1二价疫苗及HVT冻干苗，好于CV1988疫苗；接种MD三价疫苗的4个品系的商品鸡群，抗RB1B超强毒株攻毒的平均保护效力为94．60％；在模拟MD强毒自然传染的试验中，MD三价疫苗的保护效力达到95．65％。上述效力试验的结果说明：MD三价疫苗的免疫接种可使鸡形成抗MD强毒攻击的坚强免疫力。 相似文献
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Field trials to test the efficacy of polyvalent Marek's disease vaccines in broilers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The efficacies of trivalent (Md11/75C + SB-1 + HVT), bivalent (SB-1 + HVT), and turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccines against Marek's disease (MD) were compared in commercial broiler flocks in four trials involving 11 farm locations and 486,300 chickens. In all four trials, chickens receiving polyvalent vaccines had lower leukosis (MD) condemnation rates than chickens vaccinated with HVT alone; when data were summarized for each vaccine type in each trial, condemnation rates for the bivalent- or trivalent-vaccinated groups were 56-96% (mean 78%) lower than those for HVT-vaccinated chickens. Polyvalent vaccination was clearly mor efficacious than HVT in 8 of 11 individual farms, although it did not always reduce leukosis condemnations to acceptable levels. Body weights of chickens vaccinated with polyvalent vaccines did not differ consistently from those vaccinated with HVT. Chickens inoculated with the trivalent vaccine had slightly lower overall leukosis condemnation rates (0.24%) than those inoculated with the bivalent vaccine (0.45%) in trials 1-3, where direct comparisons were made. Bivalent vaccines containing either 1,500 or 200 plaque-forming units of SB-1 virus were equally effective; thus, HVT may need to be supplemented with only small amounts of SB-1 to obtain the benefits of protective synergism. SB-1 virus did not appear to carry over from polyvalent-vaccinated flocks to subsequent HVT-vaccinated flocks in the same houses, even when old litter was used. 相似文献
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White leghorn chickens on five farms were given a bivalent Marek's disease (MD) vaccine consisting of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) and SB-1 (a nononcogenic MD virus); other chickens received only HVT. The farms had histories of "vaccination failures," presumably owing to an exceptionally virulent challenge MD virus. The bivalent vaccine uniformly protected chickens better than HVT alone between 12 and 16-20 weeks of age, when serious MD losses occurred. During that period, total mortality in groups given both viruses ranged from 0.39 to 1.26% (mean 0.86%), whereas that in HVT-vaccinated groups not exposed to SB-1 varied from 1.92 to 7.44% (mean 3.43%). Chickens in pens or rows with close contact to those given bivalent vaccine also had low MD mortality rates (0.46-1.06%, mean 0.77%), probably from the spread of SB-1. 相似文献
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Sung HW 《Avian diseases》2002,46(3):517-524
The incidence of Marek's disease (MD), an important neoplastic disease of chickens, suddenly increased in 1997 in Korea. Most MD cases of this country were detected in chickens over 20 wk of age. Five MD viruses were isolated from field flocks in which severe MD losses had occurred, and one of the viruses was studied to compare its pathotype with the prototype JM strain. The isolate KOMD-IC induced severe depression not only in body weight but also in relative bursal weight, and the depression by KOMD-IC was more severe than that induced by JM strain. In addition, the incidence of MD tumor caused by KOMD-IC was higher than that caused by the JM strain. The protective capacity of several MD vaccines was studied against challenge with KOMD-IC. The protective levels of several MD vaccines such as herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT), HVT plus SB1, and Rispens were usually lower against challenge with KOMD-IC than those challenged with JM strain, even if the chickens vaccinated with serotype 1 were not completely protected against challenge with KOMD-IC. The above results indicate that the virulence of KOMD-IC isolated recently was increased, and the increase of MD outbreak in Korea may be related to the virulence increase of the virus. Various MD vaccine programs were applied to reduce MD loss to a broiler breeder farm where severe MD loss had occurred. Serotype 1 vaccine could dramatically decrease the mortality due to MD, and the best results were obtained from the flocks vaccinated with bivalent vaccine of Rispens and HVT. 相似文献
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Attenuated revertant serotype 1 Marek's disease viruses: safety and protective efficacy. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
R L Witter 《Avian diseases》1991,35(4):877-891
In earlier studies, a revertant serotype 1 Marek's disease virus (MDV), clone Md11/75C/R2, was found to be a highly protective vaccine virus but was mildly pathogenic for susceptible chickens. The term "revertant" indicates that the virus, after attenuation, gained virulence following backpassage in chickens. The present study is an attempt to develop a more attenuated but still protective vaccine virus from Md11/75C/R2. Forty-two derivative viruses or clones from Md11/75C/R2 were evaluated. Two of these, designated clones R2/23 and R2/29, induced viremia but little or no pathology in preliminary trials and were selected for further study. In a series of nine trials, both clones provided protection against challenge with very virulent MDV strains that was superior to that induced by turkey herpesvirus (HVT) and was not significantly different (P greater than 0.05) from that induced by a bivalent (HVT + SB-1) vaccine. Both clones appeared fully attenuated based on pathogenicity tests in susceptible antibody-negative chickens. Both clones gained virulence on backpassage in chickens, but this seemed of little concern because neither virus spread by contact to other chickens. Although the two clones were very similar, clone R2/23 appeared to have a slightly lower pathogenic potential following backpassage and thus best meets the combined criteria of safety and efficacy. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of varying the doses of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine and Marek's disease virus (MDV) challenge at two intervals after vaccination on the protection of chickens against challenge with MDV. DESIGN AND PROCEDURE: Experiment 1, a dose response study, consisted of 11 doses of HVT vaccine administered at hatch followed by challenge with 100 plaque forming units (pfu) of MDV 5 days post vaccination. Experiment 2, a 2 x 6 x 2 factorial design, included two HVT vaccine types, six different doses of HVT vaccine and 50 pfu and 200 pfu of MDV challenge 2 days post vaccination. All chickens were reared up to day 56 post challenge when all survivors were killed humanely. Dead and killed chickens were examined for gross MD tumours. RESULTS: Experiment 1 showed a significant positive linear relationship between dose of HVT vaccine and protective index in chickens challenged 5 days post vaccination. However the range of protective index observed was limited. In Experiment 2 neither HVT vaccine provided significant protection at any dose. There was no significant effect of vaccine type or MDV challenge dose on overall protection against challenge. Chickens challenged with 200 pfu of MDV had significantly higher mortality and MD incidence than those with 50 pfu. CONCLUSIONS: HVT vaccine dose had a significant impact on protective index, but vaccination to challenge interval appeared to have greater impact on the protective efficacy of vaccination. A fourfold increase in challenge dose increased mortality rate and incidence of MD. 相似文献