共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Gross and light microscopic features of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the urinary tract were examined in Beagle dogs used for the study of the long-term effects of low-dose, whole-body, 60Co gamma radiation. Thirty-eight cases of TCC occurred among 990 dogs that were from 0 to 14 years of age. There was no conclusive evidence of a radiation effect. The 38 TCC were equally divided between male and female dogs, but there was a significant difference in the sex distribution of urethra-origin TCC. Eleven males had a primary urethral TCC compared to only two females. There was no significant difference between the urethra-origin and bladder-origin TCCs in the number of tumors that caused clinical signs, metastasized, or that contributed to the death of the dog. All cases of urethral TCC in male dogs occurred in the prostatic urethra. The majority of these cases were not recognized to be neoplasms at gross necropsy, but microscopic examination revealed the TCC. Our findings differ from previous reports stating that TCC occurs more frequently in female than male dogs, and they especially differ from reports claiming that urethra-origin TCC is predominantly a disease of female dogs. 相似文献
2.
The mucosal margin of the urethra is best assessed by positive contrast urethrography, but ultrasonography offers complementary information such as urethral wall thickness and size of medial iliac lymph nodes. Ultrasonography of the urethra is quick, noninvasive and does not require sedation or general anesthesia. In patients with complete urethral obstruction, ultrasonography may be the only way to image the urethra. Twelve dogs which were presented to Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine with clinical signs referable to the urinary bladder, urethra or vagina were examined ultrasonographically. Seven were neutered females and five were neutered males. Each dog had a hyperechoic, nonshadowing line at the epithelial surface of the proximal urethra. In the seven female patients and one of the males, the urethral wall was also thick and hypoechoic to surrounding tissue. In the other males, the urethral epithelial changes were at the level of the prostate, and the limits of the urethra were not visible. In six dogs, the urethral change was the only abnormality seen, while in six, bladder wall, bladder luminal and/or prostatic parenchymal changes were also detected. Three patients had hydronephrosis, and one had enlarged medial iliac lyumph nodes. Biopsies were obtained via suction with urinary catheterization (n = 6), exploratory celiotomy (n = 3), urethroscopy (n = 2), or at post-mortem (n = 1). A histopathologic diagnosis of urethral transitional cell carcinoma was obtained in ten dogs. The ultrasonographic appearance was not pathognomonic for transitional cell carcinoma, as one dog with transitional cell dysplasia and one dog with severe ulcerative and necrosupperative cystitis and urethral stricture had similar findings. 相似文献
3.
G Jacobs J Barsanti K Prasse B Selcer 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(12):1748-1750
A urethral filling defect in the proximal portion of the pelvic urethra, suggestive of a mass, was detected by positive-contrast retrograde urethrography in 2 dogs with prostatic disease and Sertoli cell neoplasms. Extension of prostatic neoplasia into the urethra or primary urethral neoplasia were considered as explanations for the radiographic finding of an intraluminal filling defect in the pelvic urethra. Masses were visualized and biopsied during prostatic surgery. Masses were nonneoplastic and represented enlargement of the colliculus seminalis. 相似文献
4.
S D Moroff B A Brown D T Matthiesen R C Scott 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,199(2):247-251
Forty-one cases of infiltrative urethral disease in female dogs were reviewed. The cause was epithelial neoplasia in 29 dogs, granulomatous (chronic active) urethritis in 10 dogs, and leiomyoma in 2 dogs. Clinical signs of disease were similar in dogs with neoplastic and inflammatory disease and included strangury (36/41), hematuria (30/41), pollakiuria (20/41), vaginal discharge (16/41), and complete urinary obstruction (7/41). Results of aspiration biopsy of the urethra correlated with those of surgical biopsy in 11 of 15 dogs. In 4 of 15 dogs, results of cytologic and histologic examinations differed. Granulomatous (chronic active) urethritis is an infiltrative urethral disease in female dogs. Clinical findings are similar, but the prognosis is more favorable than that in dogs with urethral epithelial neoplasia. 相似文献
5.
Nolte DM Carberry CA Gannon KM Boren FC 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2002,38(6):527-532
Adrenal neoplasia is a common problem in middle-aged to older ferrets. Male ferrets may present for stranguria and dysuria due to prostatic/paraurethral tissue enlargement secondary to elevation in androgens produced by the neoplastic tissue. Progressive urethral compression followed by complete urinary obstruction can result. Urinary obstruction can persist for days following surgery requiring urinary diversion. Four ferrets presenting with signs consistent with urinary obstruction secondary to adrenal disease were immediately treated with urethral catheterization or cystocentesis followed by adrenalectomy and temporary tube cystostomy. The tube cystostomy placement and use were associated with minimal complications and allowed recovery from surgery. 相似文献
6.
Gary R. Johnston DVM MS Carl R. Jessen DVM PhD Carl A. Osborne DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(6):271-277
Retrograde urethrography with viscous contrast medium was performed in male and female dogs and cats before and after bladder distention. The viscosity of commercially prepared contrast medium was increased by addition of an aqueous lubricant. The diameter of the proximal urethra of female dogs (regions 1 and 2) was larger during urethrography (p<0.05) following bladder distention. The diameter of regions 1 and 2 of the proximal uretha of female cats in lateral recumbency was larger during urethrography (p<0.05) following bladder distention. The diameter of the distal urethra of female dogs and cats was not significantly different before or after bladder distention. The diameter of the prostatic urethra of male dogs was larger (p<0.003) following bladder distention. The diameter of the membranous and penile urethra of male dogs was not significantly different before or after urinary bladder distention. Similarly, the diameter of the urethral lumen in male cats was not significantly different before or after bladder distention. The increased viscosity of the contrast medium due to the aqueous lubricant failed to distend all areas of the male and female canine and feline urethra maximally during urethrography when the bladder was not distended. On the basis of the results of this study, the authors recommend urinary bladder distention with a lubricant-free positive contrast medium to generate intravesical hydrostatic pressure sufficient to induce urethral distention. The degree of bladder distention should be determined by digital palpation. 相似文献
7.
Repair of urethral defects using fascia lata autografts in dogs 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of urethroplasty using a free fascia lata (FL) graft in the dog. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo experimental study. ANIMALS: Mixed-breed dogs (n=14). METHODS: Half of the circumference of the urethra, approximately 1.5 cm long, was excised in 14 male dogs to induce a urethral defect. FL (approximately 2 cm x 2 cm) harvested from the lateral thigh was sutured to the urethra using a 3-0 polyglactin 910 continuous pattern. Dogs were monitored daily for bladder distention and had urethral catheters until normal voiding was observed. On day 60, each dog had a positive contrast urethrogram, and then 8 dogs were euthanatized for gross and histologic examination. Six dogs were monitored for urologic problems for 6 months, and a positive contrast urethrogram was repeated. RESULTS: All dogs recovered successfully; 4 dogs had difficulty voiding for 2-3 days and urine was aspirated from these dogs every 3 hours until signs of painful urination disappeared. On positive contrast urethrograms, urethral anatomy was considered normal except in 4 dogs that had an irregular contour. Gross urethral examination confirmed an absence of ulceration, stricture, diverticula, or fistula formation, and the FL-lined graft survived in all dogs. No degenerative and reparative responses were observed. On histologic examination of the penile urethra, the lumen was intact, covered with transitional epithelium, and surrounded by corpus spongiosum with cavernous spaces and blood-filled vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Free FL grafts are incorporated satisfactorily and would appear to be useful for repairing urethral defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: FL grafts should be considered for repair of urethral defects in dogs. 相似文献
8.
Daniel A. Feeney DVM MS Gary R. Johnston DVM MS Carl A. Osborne DVM PhD Michael J. Tomlinson DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1984,25(6):249-253
Prostatic and membranous urethral diameter was measured in 24 normal mature male Beagle dogs during maximum distension retrograde urethrocystography. This technique involved retrograde urethral distension by infusion with contrast medium until the urinary bladder was distended and the vesicourethral junction remained opened as observed by fluoroscopy. Lateral and ventro-dorsal radiographs were made during subsequent injections of 5–10 ml of contrast medium. The prostatic urethra was consistently greater in diameter than the membranous urethra. However, the numerical ratio between the prostatic urethral diameter and the membranous urethral diameter varied among these dogs by a factor of 2 at the numerical extremes. 相似文献
9.
Radiologic study of the canine urethra 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The structure and function of the canine urethra were studied during retrograde and voiding urethrography in 9 male and 8 female dogs. The lumen of the prostatic portion of the urethra was variable in diameter. During retrograde urethrography, the lumen was narrow with streaks of contrast medium outlining mucosal folds, but during voiding, it was dilated and a spindle-shaped seminal hillock was detected. Retrograde urethrography revealed other regions of the urethra of males and females had a smooth radiographic outline. During voiding urethrography, characteristic identical urethral contractions were observed in the caudal portion of the pelvic urethra (male) and in the caudal half of the urethra (female). Contractions were progressive, occurred where striated muscle was present in the urethral wall, and resulted in an intermittent flow of urine from the urethra. In the male, contractions had a rate of 2.02 +/- 0.23 contraction/s and 1.65 +/- 0.53 in the females. Contractions may have a role in the controlled voiding of small volumes of urine necessary for the repeated marking of territory, in the passage of the ejaculate along the male urethra during copulation, and in the clearance of any residual urine from the urethra at the completion of micturition. 相似文献
10.
11.
为了探索犬前列腺摘除术的不同通路及其关键技术,选择3～5月龄、3～5 kg体重的4只杂交犬,分成1、2组,分别采用翻开耻骨片和经腹底部正中切口牵拉膀胱以暴露前列腺的手术通路,对前列腺进行完整摘除后作尿道断端吻合,术后观察犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等情况,并于术后第3周进行剖检,观察膀胱及尿道断端的愈合情况。结果显示,采用上述2种手术通路进行前列腺摘除后,试验犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等一切正常,膀胱有少量出血点,尿道吻合处愈合良好。试验结果表明,采用6-0单丝尼龙线和结节缝合法是吻合尿道断端的可靠方法,而使用盆腔脂肪组织覆盖尿道吻合处能够有效地预防吻合处漏尿且与周围组织黏连,是保证吻合处良好愈合的有利因素。 相似文献
12.
Militerno G Bazzo R Bevilacqua D Bettini G Marcato PS 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2003,50(9):457-459
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis was found in two dogs, a 7-year-old male English Setter and a 11-year-old female Shetland shepherd. Affected dogs were presented for clinical examination without any specific symptoms but haematuria in case 1 and occurrence of whitish material in the urine of case 2; neoplastic disorders were discovered with ultrasonographic investigation and fine needle aspiration biopsy. Histopathological examination was carried out after nephrectomy and ureterectomy of the affected kidney of both dogs, and confirmed the diagnosis of non-invasive and low grade TCC in case 1 and of infiltrating TCC in case 2. The clinical, gross, cytological and histopathological features of these rare tumours originating from transitional epithelium of the renal pelvis are reported. 相似文献
13.
Bacterial culture and cytology of semen, bacterial culture and cytology of prostatic fluid washings, urinalysis, bacterial culture of urine, and blood leukocyte counts were performed on specimens from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis, or prostatic neoplasia. Hemorrhage was the most frequent abnormal finding in semen from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Bacterial culture of semen was sensitive but not specific for chronic bacterial prostatitis, due to false-positive results from urethral contamination. Hemorrhage was the most frequent abnormal finding in prostatic fluid washings from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Abnormal epithelial cells were found after prostatic massage in 4 dogs with neoplasia, although these cells were difficult to identify as neoplastic. Prostatic fluid washings were not useful for detecting chronic bacterial prostatitis, due to an inability to detect increases in bacterial counts in the fluid when urine bacterial counts were high. Hematuria was the predominant abnormal finding in urinalysis from dogs with hyperplasia and neoplasia. Pyuria was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Urine was usually culture-positive when there was prostatic infection. Blood leukocyte counts were normal in dogs with prostatic hyperplasia and usually normal in dogs with neoplasia. Leukocytosis, a left shift, and toxic white blood cells were predictive of abscessation, although the blood leukocyte count was not a very sensitive indicator for infection without abscessation. 相似文献
14.
James W. Ticer Crispin P. Spencer Norman Ackerman 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1980,21(1):12-17
ansitional cell urethral carcinoma in four female dogs is reported. Lesion distribution in the proximal two thirds of the urethra and the radiographic appearance with retrograde positive contrast urethrography were similar in each dog. The normally smooth longitudinal urethral striations were replaced by multiple small, poorly marginated intraluminal masses that resulted in a generalized moth-eaten appearance. Extension of contrast medium into the periurethral tissues also occurred. Retrograde urethrography, a simple diagnostic technic, aided in establishing a differential diagnosis in dogs that had urine retention and stranguria. 相似文献
15.
R. N. WHITE BSc BVetMed CertVA Diplomate ECVS J. V. DAVIES BVetMed PhD DVR Diplomate ECVS S. P. GREGORY BVetMed PhD DVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1996,25(6):503-510
Vaginourethroplasty was performed in six bitches with infiltrative, obstructive urethral disease. The initial clinical signs included dysuria, hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria. Diagnosis was based on the clinical signs, plain radiography and contrast vagino-urethrogram examination, and urethral biopsy. Five dogs were diagnosed as having urethral neoplasia; the sixth dog had granulomatous urethritis. In all six dogs, up to 50% of the urethra and the urethral tubercle were resected to ensure adequate surgical margins. One dog was euthanatized 4 months after surgery for recurrence of a transitional cell carcinoma at the surgical site. Long-term resolution of the problem (minimum of 12 months) was achieved in the other five dogs. The frequency of serious complications, including urinary incontinence and ascending lower urinary tract infections, was low. 相似文献
16.
C. E. LAYTON DVM MS H. R. FERGUSON DVM PHD DIPLOMATEACVS J. E. COOK DVM PHD DIPLOMATEACVP M. M. GUFFY DVM MS DIPLOMATEACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1987,16(2):175-182
Three intrapelvic urethral anastomosis techniques were performed on 12 mature male dogs to compare the degree of stricture. The intrapelvic urethra was transected 1 cm caudal to the prostate, and anastomosis was performed using either suturing of the urethra over an indwelling catheter, suturing of the urethra without an indwelling catheter, or apposition of the urethra without sutures over an indwelling catheter. Postoperatively, the dogs were evaluated using clinical urination patterns, biochemical tests, radiography, and pathology. Three of four suture-catheter dogs and one of four catheter-only dogs had normal urinary patterns. Stricture (25-84%) with urethral dilation or fistulas tracts was visible on retrograde, positive contrast urethrograms of 3 of 12 intact dogs 20 weeks after surgery, and on all 12 excised lower urinary tracts. Suture-catheter dogs subjectively had the least amount of stricture. All eight dogs (1 suture-catheter dog, 4 suture-only dogs, and 3 catheter-only dogs) with severe stricture (greater than 60% lumen diameter reduction) had histopathologic signs of chronic, inflammatory urinary tract disease, including four with chronic, ascending lymphocytic pyelonephritis. Hydroureter and hydronephrosis developed in two catheter-only dogs. Complete urethral transection resulted in some degree of stricture, regardless of technique used for anastomosis. Urethral anastomosis over an indwelling catheter appeared to result in a lesser degree of stricture and clinical and histopathologic derangement. 相似文献
17.
PETER C. RAKESTRAW MA VMD Diplomate ACVS SUSAN L. FUBINI DVM Diplomate ACVS ROBERT O. GILBERT BVSc M MED VET Diplomate ACT JEFFREY O. WARD DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(6):498-505
Tube cystostomy was used to treat 13 goats and two sheep with obstructive urolithiasis. The cystostomy tube was intermittently occluded 3 to 4 days after placement to determine if urine could be voided through the urethra. If the animal showed no discomfort during urination after the cystostomy tube had been occluded for several days, the tube was removed. This procedure was successful in relieving urethral obstruction in 12 animals. The mean time until the animal could urinate freely and until the cystostomy tube was removed was 11.5 and 14.4 days respectively. Follow-up was available for 10 animals; seven were alive with no recurrence of urinary obstruction. One goat died from causes unrelated to urinary obstruction 1 year postoperatively. One goat died from unknown causes, and one goat died after urinary obstruction recurred. 相似文献
18.
Adams LG Berent AC Moore GE Bagley DH 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(11):1680-1687
OBJECTIVE: To describe use of transurethral cystoscope-guided laser lithotripsy for fragmentation of cystic and urethral uroliths and determine procedure duration and short-term and long-term outcome in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 73 dogs with naturally occurring uroliths in the urinary bladder, urethra, or both. PROCEDURES: Transurethral cystoscope-guided laser lithotripsy was performed in all dogs, and medical records were reviewed for short-term and long-term outcome and complications. RESULTS: Laser lithotripsy resulted in complete fragmentation of all uroliths in all 28 female dogs and a majority of male dogs (39/45 [86.7%]). Dogs with urethroliths had shorter median laser time than dogs with cystic uroliths. Basket extraction and voiding urohydro-propulsion were successful for removal of the urolith fragments following laser lithotripsy. Complications related to cystoscope-guided laser lithotripsy occurred in 5 of 28 (17.9%) female dogs and 6 of 45 (13.3%) male dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Transurethral cystoscope-guided laser lithotripsy was successful in female dogs and most male dogs for fragmentation of cystic and urethral uroliths. Short-term complications were most commonly related to urethral swelling and resolved with placement of an indwelling urinary catheter. There were no long-term complications. 相似文献
19.
Prepubic tube cystostomy was performed in 10 dogs and one cat. Indications include urinary bypass following urethral trauma or surgery (six cases), following surgery for prostatic abscesses or cysts (four cases) and bladder atony secondary to urethral obstruction (one case). Tubes were left in situ for a minimum of seven days. All patients returned to normal micturition following tube removal. Urine leakage occurred for up to four days after tube removal by which time the stoma was granulating. Nosocomial infection was a consistent finding, but was controlled with antibiotic treatment following tube removal. Tube cystostomy was considered an effective means for diverting irritant urine from healing epithelium and thereby minimising the risk of urethral cicatrisation. It may also be indicated in the management of urinary retention as an alternative to repeated urethral catheterisation. This study indicates that tube cystostomy is readily performed, with few unexpected or serious complications. 相似文献
20.
Percutaneous nephrostomy catheters modified by cutting off the tubing connectors were implanted in three dogs with prostatic neoplasia to relieve or prevent stranguria. One catheter was implanted with a guide wire through a perineal urethrotomy, and two catheters were implanted via celiotomy and cystotomy. Morbidity and complications were minimal. Inflammation of the abdominal incision was present from day 4 to day 8 in the dogs with celiotomy. Urinary incontinence was continuous in one dog and intermittent in two dogs. Hematuria occurred in two dogs. The retained urethral catheter was a suitable palliative treatment for urethral obstruction in three dogs with prostatic neoplasia. 相似文献