共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
1.
马立克氏病病毒感染雏鸡的SOD活性变化 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
１日龄肉用ＡＡ雏鸡被马立克氏病病毒（ＭＤＶ）强毒人工感染后，马立克氏病（ＭＤ）发病率６２％，死亡率３４％；脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、心脏、肝脏、肾脏和性腺超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性与健康雏鸡相比，Ｔ－ＳＯＤ和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ活性均有显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），而Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活性无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。 相似文献
2.
3.
家兔初乳免疫球蛋白和补体含量测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用琼脂单项免疫扩散法测定家兔初乳免疫球蛋白和补体含量。结果表明,初乳中免疫球蛋白和补体Ｃ３的含量极显著高于常乳（Ｐ＜０．０１）,补体Ｃ４的含量显著高于常乳（Ｐ＜０．０５）;初乳中免疫球蛋白和补体含量于产后２天达到高峰。 相似文献
4.
本试验采用邻苯三酚自氧化法，对奶山羊乳中ＳＯＤ活必进行了研究。结果表明：在泌乳期间初乳＞末乳＞常乳，其测定值分别为１９．８ｕ／ｍｌ，１２．８ｕ／ｍｌ和１０。９ｕ／ｍｌ。 相似文献
5.
本试验采用改进的邻苯三酚自氧化测定法、正交设计法和生物数学分析法对酸羊奶中ＳＯＤ活性进行了研究。结果表明：在单菌种间，其酸羊奶中ＳＯＤ活性是嗜热链球菌（１７．２）〉保加利亚杆菌（１６．５）〉乳酸链球菌（１５．０）〉嗜酸杆菌（１４．２），有链球菌（１６．１）大于杆菌（１５．４）的趋势。在混合菌种间，其酸羊奶中ＳＯＤ活性是以嗜热链球菌和保加利亚杆菌按１：１比例、采用４３℃发酵温度的组合为最高，由于菌种 相似文献
6.
采用３．０Ｍｒａｄ＾６０ＣＯ－γ射线辐照和高压熏（１２１℃，２０ｍｉｎ）ＳＰＦ鸡饲料，并对处理后中料营养成分于试验后７天进行分析，辐照后７天粗蛋白、ＶＡ、ＶＤ３、ＶＥ、ＶＢ１、ＶＢ２、ＶＢ６、ＶＢ１２、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｅ的损失率（％）依次为１．１、４．４、２．３、５．３、５．０、６．７、１０．０、０、０、０、。辐射后ＶＢ６、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｅ的损失率（％）依次为９．７、１１．５ 相似文献
7.
奶牛隐性乳房炎发生规律的研究 总被引：52，自引：6，他引：52
１９９６年１月至１９９７年３月,经对苏州市牛奶公司泌乳母牛进行隐性乳房炎的ＳＭＴ逐月检测结果显示：阳性牛的分布无明显季节性,但存在牛群差异性,而新感染阳性率与季节有明显关系（Ｐ＜０．０１）,以第３、第４季度为高;３、４胎牛阳性率显著高于其他胎次（Ｐ＜０．０１）;左侧乳区阳性率显著高于右侧乳区（Ｐ＜０．０１）;３～４泌乳月和第９个泌乳月以上牛新感染阳性率也高于其它牛。提示：奶牛隐性乳房炎的发生与环境因素、生理状态间存在显著关系。 相似文献
8.
9.
３日龄肉用ＡＡ雏鸡成髓细胞性白血病强毒（ｖＡＭＶ）人工感染后,鸡成髓细胞性白血病（ＡＭＢ）发病率８６．７％、死亡率７０％,脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、心脏、肝脏、肾脏和性腺超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性与健康对照雏鸡相比,Ｔ－ＳＯＤ和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ活性于１０日龄时均极显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,于１７日龄时则极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）,以后日龄亦有明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,而Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活性于１０和２４日龄无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）、１７日龄时显著或极显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,３０日龄则明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。 相似文献
10.
肌注维生素促进停乳母猪同期发情试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用长宁Ｆ１泌乳母猪７２头，随机分为４组（ＶＡＤ２，ＶＥ，ＶＡＤ２＋ＶＥ和对照组），每组１８头，维生素处理的３组母猪，在停乳前１周，停乳当天分两次肌注ＶＡＤ２，ＶＥ及ＶＡＤ２＋ＶＥ。经３个月的试验结果表明，ＶＡＳ３组母猪停乳１周内的发情率，配种率为９４．３％，停乳至发情的平均时间间隔为１１０ｈ±８ｈ ，配种后２１ｄ内的返情率为５．７％；ＶＥ组依次为８７．７％，１１２ｈ±１４ｈ，４．９％；ＶＡＤ 相似文献
11.
Fat and cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of mares' colostrums and milk during five lactation months 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this study, the effect of the lactation stage on changes in the fat and cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of colostrum and milk of Wielkopolska mares' was investigated. Colostrum and milk samples from 10 lactating mares were collected at the beginning of lactation, on the 1st and 2nd day after foaling and then, starting from the first month of lactation, at 4 weeks' intervals up to the fifth month of lactation. Statistically significant differences were found between mares' colostrum and milk in the fat and cholesterol content as well as in the percentage rate of total fatty acids which occurred in significant quantities. Together with the lengthening of the lactation time, the content of fat and cholesterol in the mares' milk was observed to decrease. The authors also found a significant impact of the lactation period on changes in the ratio of polyenoic fatty acids from the n-6 to n-3 family. Bearing in mind the fat and cholesterol content and a more favourable (from the nutritional point of view) ratio of fatty acids from the family of n-6 to n-3, it is recommended to collect milk from mares in the 4th and 5th month of lactation. 相似文献
12.
Ewa PECKA Zbigniew DOBRZAŃSKI Andrzej ZACHWIEJA Tadeusz SZULC Katarzyna CZYŻ 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(2):162-168
The aim of the study was to determine the changes in composition and physicochemical features (pH, density, thermostability and acidity) of mare colostrum and milk, and of protein fraction contribution (serum albumin, β-casein, γ-casein, α-lactalbumin, G class immunoglobulins) depending on lactation stage. The research material was colostrum and milk samples from 12 Arabian mares. Colostrum samples were collected within 2 h after parturition and milk samples were collected twice, in the 3rd and 6th weeks of lactation. The level of basic milk components decreased significantly (only lactose content increased) as compared to colostrum. Total bacteria count and somatic cell count decreased significantly with an increase in resistance and urea level. The changes observed were connected to differentiated contribution of particular protein fractions and their relative proportions. Lower levels of γ-casein (P ≤ 0.05), β-casein, serum albumin as well as α-lactalbumin were observed in colostrum as compared to those in milk. Any relationship between lactation stage and β-casein content was observed. Serum albumin and α-lactalbumin content increased in subsequent milkings. The level of G class immunoglobulins decreased significantly and its highest level was noted in colostrum. Any significant differences between the 3rd and 6th lactation weeks were obtained. 相似文献
13.
An experiment was conducted with the objective of measuring the concentrations of total milk solids (TMS), CP, and 5'monophosphate nucleotides in sow colostrum and milk. Twelve multiparous sows (Landrace x Yorkshire x Duroc) were used. Litter size was standardized at 11 piglets for all sows at farrowing. Sows were fed an 18.45% CP corn-soybean meal-based diet throughout lactation. The experimental period was the initial 28 d of lactation, with colostrum collected within 12 h of farrowing and milk collected on d 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Colostrum and milk samples were analyzed for TMS, CP, adenosine 5'monophosphate (5'AMP), cytidine 5'monophosphate (5'CMP), guanosine 5'monophosphate (5'GMP), inosine 5'monophosphate (5'IMP), and uridine 5'monophosphate (5'UMP). Total milk solids decreased (P < 0.05) from 26.7% on d 0 to 23.1% on d 3. The TMS further decreased (P < 0.05) to 19.3% on d 7, but remained relatively constant thereafter at 18.2, 18.8, and 19.2% on d 14, 21, and 28, respectively. The concentration of CP decreased from 16.6% in colostrum to 7.7, 6.2, 5.5, 5.7, and 6.3% in milk collected on d 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively (linear and quadratic effect; P < 0.05). Concentrations of 5'AMP, 5'CMP, 5'GMP, and 5'IMP increased from d 0 to d 3 and d 7, and then decreased during the remaining lactation period (quadratic effect; P < 0.05). The concentration of 5'UMP decreased from d 0 to 28 of lactation (linear and quadratic effects; P < 0.05). In colostrum, 5'UMP represented 98% of all 5'monophosphate nucleotides, and in milk, 5'UMP accounted for 86 to 90% of all nucleotides, regardless of day of lactation. The results of this experiment suggest that the concentrations of TMS and CP in sow mammary secretions changed during the first week of lactation, but were constant thereafter. Likewise, the concentrations of 5'monophosphate nucleotides changed during the initial week postpartum, but during the last 2 wk of a 4-wk lactation period, the concentrations were constant. 相似文献
14.
Composition of sow milk during lactation 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The composition of sow colostrum and milk was quantitated in 25 sows at 14 time points throughout lactation. All animals belonged to the same experimental herd of German Landrace, farrowed within 4 d, and were of various lactation numbers and various litter sizes. In the first 6 h of lactation colostrum total solids (TS) and protein contents were higher, while fat and lactose contents were lower than in mature milk. Decreased total protein and whey protein contents and concomitantly increased fat and lactose content, with nearly unchanged TS levels, indicate transition from colostrum to mature milk. The high protein content of colostrum was largely due to immunoglobulin (Ig). During the first 6 h, IgG accounts for nearly all the protein in colostrum but plays a decreasing role in sow milk as lactation proceeds. After 2 wk, IgA levels begin to increase and at the end of lactation, IgA constitutes 40% of the total whey protein. No influences of lactation number and litter size on milk composition could be ascertained in this study. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgG activity in serum and milk samples of experimentally infected lactating ewes with the nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta as well as its relationship to the degree of infection. In a previous study 28 pregnant ewes were divided into two homogeneous groups, with high (H) and low (L) level of parasitism, respectively. Blood and milk samples were taken weekly after lambing until the end of the lactation, 126 days post-partum (pp). IgG against T. circumcincta were measured by means of an indirect ELISA. The kinetic of the immunoglubulins in serum samples showed a very low activity at the beginning but gradually increased throughout the lactation; H group showed higher values most of the sampled days than L group. Contrary, IgG in milk samples remained high during the first month pp, then decreased around 38% and by the end of the study rose again. Antibodies in both samples were correlated and especially during the second month of lactation (r=0.3; p<0.001). With the aim to correlate the immune response and the degree of infection we found an inverse relationship (r=-0.2; p<0.05) during the second month of lactation between eggs and IgG in serum. However the correlation with immunoglobulins in milk was positive, mainly, on the last third of lactation (r=0.2; p<0.01). As a conclusion, the individual detection of total IgG antibodies against T. circumcincta in lactating ewes is highly dependent on the stage of lactation. Therefore, these associations should be confirmed under field conditions. 相似文献
16.
The aim of the study was to compare antioxidative/oxidative profile in blood, colostrum and milk of early post‐partum cows during their first and second lactation. A total of 19 healthy, primiparous cows were included in experiment and samples were collected during 2 years from the same animals immediately after parturition, 24, 48 h as well as 6 and 12 days later. All parameters including the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the content of vitamin A, C as well as the contents of products of lipid and protein peroxidation were determined by the use of spectrophotometric methods. Comparing the profile within lactation, TAC and GSH‐Px activity in blood showed decreasing trends, while parameters of lipid and protein peroxidation fluctuated. All examined parameters in colostrum and milk except from intermediates of lipid peroxidation exhibited increasing trends. These results which showed dynamic changes of antioxidative/oxidative profile not only in blood but also in colostrum/milk within examined period of time suggested appropriate answer of organism to current challenge. Moreover, not uniform but detectable changes between first and second lactation suggested that two consecutive lactations are not the same. Comparing first and second lactation, TAC and parameters of lipid and protein peroxidation in blood showed increasing tendency in second as first lactation while GSH‐Px activity was opposite. The content of antioxidative vitamins and SH groups in colostrum/milk showed increasing tendency in second as first lactation, while TAC and content of end products of lipid peroxidation showed opposite trend, and GSH‐Px together with intermediates of lipid peroxidation remained stable. Molecular and biochemical background for it require further elucidation. 相似文献
17.
Background
Parturition is supposed to be related to oxidative stress, not only for the mother, but also for the newborn. Moreover, it is not clear whether consecutive pregnancies, parturitions, and lactations are similar to each other in regards to intensity of metabolic processes or differ from each other. The aim of the study was to compare dynamic changes of antioxidative parameters in colostrum and milk of sows taken during 72 h postpartum from animals in consecutive lactations. Activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione transferase (GSH-Tr), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and amount of vitamin A and C were measured. Healthy pregnant animals were divided into 4 groups according to the assessed lactation: A -1st lactation (n = 10), B - 2nd and 3rd lactation (n = 7), C - 4th and 5th lactation (n = 11), D - 6th - 8th lactation (n = 8). The colostrum was sampled immediately after parturition and after 6, 12, 18 and 36 h while the milk was assessed at 72 h after parturition. Spectrophotometric methods were used for measurements.Results
The activity of antioxidative enzymes and the concentration of vitamin A increased with time postpartum. The concentration of vitamin C was the highest between the 18th and 36th h postpartum.Conclusions
Dynamic changes in the values of antioxidant parameters measured during the study showed that sows milk provides the highest concentration of antioxidants in the 2nd and 3rd and 4th and 5th lactation giving the best defence against reactive oxygen species to newborns and mammary glands. 相似文献18.
牦牛初乳中酶活力的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
测定了８头麦洼牦牛初乳中酶活力的动态变化。结果显示，初乳中酶活力存在较大个体差异，分娩当天（即泌乳第１天）乳中碱性磷酸酶、淀粉酶、γ－谷氨酰转肽酶的活力及乳蛋白、乳脂含量均显著高于分娩第７天，而乳过氧化物酶活力和乳糖含量以分娩当天为最低，蛋白酶活力未见有明显变化。实验还测定了处于不同泌乳阶段的２８头耗牛和１１头犏牛乳中蛋白质、乳糖、乳脂含量及酶活力。 相似文献
19.
Chamekh Latifa Khorchani Touhami Dbara Mohamed Hammadi Mohamed Yahyaoui Mohamed Habib 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):3187-3194
This study aimed to investigate the milk production potential and the impact of nongenetic factors on milk yield and composition of Tunisian dromedary camels. Milk recording and sampling were carried out at monthly intervals over complete lactation for 3 years from 95 camels reared in intensive and semi-intensive systems. The overall means of daily milk yield and fat, protein, total solids, and ash contents were 4.21 ± 1.98 l/day, 2.45 ± 0.9%, 2.67 ± 0.74%, 10.75 ± 1.41%, and 0.85 ± 0.08%, respectively. The total milk yield was 1388.41 ± 575.46 l/lactation for 11 months of lactation. The daily milk yield increased regularly throughout lactation until it reached its peak in the 4th month postpartum and then decreased until the 17th month postpartum. The chemical components, except ash, followed an opposite trend to the milk yield. Their minimum contents were recorded during the 7th and 8th months postpartum, while the maximum levels were observed during the 17th month postpartum. Regarding seasonal variation, the highest daily milk yield was recorded during summer (June), whereas the lowest was found in winter (December). In contrast, the maximum and minimum contents of fat and protein were observed during winter (December) and summer (July), respectively. Similarly, total solids content was maximum in January and minimum in August. Parity had no effect on daily milk yield, while all chemical components were higher in milk from primiparous than multiparous camels. Calf sex and management system did not affect the milk yield and composition. These results are useful in order to develop feeding strategies and breeding programs for improving milk production.
相似文献