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【目的】调查规模化舍饲羊场及散养羊消化道感染及环境污染寄生虫情况,为中国规模舍饲羊场羊消化道寄生虫综合防控提供参考。【方法】采用离心沉淀法、卢戈氏碘液染色法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法等技术,对采自河南和宁夏的4个规模舍饲羊场及12个散养户的1 025份羊粪便样品寄生虫感染和712份环境样品寄生虫污染情况进行检查,采用麦克马斯特法计数球虫阳性样品每克粪便中的球虫卵囊数(OPG)。选择汝州规模舍饲羊场进行季节动态调查,了解不同季节规模舍饲羊场羊消化道感染及环境污染寄生虫情况。【结果】羊消化道寄生虫总感染率为82.83%(849/1 025),共检出8种(类)寄生虫,分别为球虫、阿米巴、贾第虫、隐孢子虫、绦虫、鞭虫、细颈线虫和其他线虫。优势虫种为球虫(71.90%),其次为阿米巴(49.07%),球虫与阿米巴较易发生混合感染。环境样品寄生虫总阳性率为38.48%(274/712),共检出6种(类)寄生虫,包括球虫、阿米巴、贾第虫、鞭虫、细颈线虫和其他线虫,优势虫种是线虫(22.75%)。河南规模舍饲羊场羊消化道寄生虫感染率以及环境样品寄生虫检出率均显著低于宁夏规模舍饲羊场(P<0.05)。舍... 相似文献
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四川省某养麝场林麝内寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国预防兽医学报》2015,(5)
为了解川西北地区圈养林麝内寄生虫感染情况,本研究采用饱和食盐水离心漂浮法和贝尔曼法对四川省某养麝场204份林麝粪便样品进行寄生虫虫卵(或卵囊)和幼虫的检测分析。结果显示:粪便样品中检测到6种(类)寄生虫虫卵(或卵囊)和幼虫,总阳性率为57.84%。其中,球虫阳性率最高,达31.37%,OPG值为1 200~62 800;毛首线虫(鞭虫)阳性率次之,为30.88%,EPG值为200~1 100;而肺线虫(网尾属)幼虫、乳突类圆线虫卵、莫尼茨绦虫卵以及其它线虫卵的阳性率分别为9.80%、5.88%、3.92%和2.45%。该养麝场林麝寄生虫感染率较高,其中以球虫和鞭虫感染情况最严重。本研究调查结果为林麝内寄生虫病的防控提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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为了调查规模化驴场皮肤病的发病情况及病原,试验对山东省聊城地区的7个规模化驴场进行皮肤病发病情况调查,采用螨虫镜检、真菌培养、真菌18S rDNA测序鉴定、涂片镜检和饱和盐水漂浮法等方法分别对采集的皮肤、血液、粪便等共90份样品(皮肤样品42份、血液样品26份、粪便样品22份)进行研究。结果表明:7个规模化驴场皮肤病总发病率为13.0%～46.0%,皮肤样品中蠕形螨成虫阳性比例为71.4%(30/42),并分离得到白色念珠球菌(4/42)和毛癣菌(2/42);血液样品中丝状线虫(成虫)和绦虫比例为38.5%(10/26);粪便样品中虫卵(包括蛔虫、绦虫和线虫等)的比例为63.6%(14/22),平均每克粪便含有485个虫卵。说明寄生虫和真菌是引起驴皮肤病的主要病原,并且健康驴也存在较严重的寄生虫感染情况。 相似文献
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为掌握福建某规模化獭兔场兔球虫病的流行情况,采用麦克马斯特计数法(McMaster's method)和饱和氯化钠溶液漂浮法,对采集的494份獭兔粪便样品中兔球虫感染情况和卵囊种类进行调查分析。结果显示,该獭兔场兔球虫总感染率和平均每克粪便卵囊数(OPG值)分别为87.45%和2.56×104,各日龄段均有感染,其中以40日龄左右兔和65日龄左右兔感染率最高,分别达98.61%和98.95%;30日龄以下哺乳仔兔感染率和OPG值均最低,分别为19.23%和331,且该场兔球虫卵囊的OPG值分布符合负二项分布。本次调查共检出11种兔艾美耳球虫,均为混合感染,感染球虫种类多为3~7种;其中感染比例最高的4种兔球虫依次为穿孔艾美耳球虫(20.15%)、中型艾美耳球虫(16.79%)、小型艾美耳球虫(13.94%)和大型艾美耳球虫(13.48%)。 相似文献
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绵羊肠道寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了解河南省绵羊肠道寄生虫感染情况,应用寄生虫常规检测方法对5个规模化养羊场共1265份粪样进行了寄生虫感染情况调查。结果显示,共检出虫卵和卵囊5类,其中原虫2类(球虫、隐孢子虫)、线虫2类（类圆线虫、鞭虫）、绦虫1类。本次调查中共发现1178份粪便样品为寄生虫阳性,寄生虫总感染率为93.12％(1178／1265),5个绵羊场的隐孢子虫平均感染率为3.10％,球虫平均感染率为88.94％,鞭虫平均感染率为10.83％,类圆线虫平均感染率为59.11％,绦虫平均感染率为43.96%。本次调查发现绵羊寄生虫混合感染现象比较严重,其中球虫、绦虫和类圆线虫混合感染的比例达到60.10％;绵羊寄生虫感染率呈现随着年龄的增长而减少的趋势。 相似文献
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规模化全舍饲湖羊消化道寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解规模化舍饲湖羊消化道寄生虫感染情况,本研究应用饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法、饱和盐水漂浮法、卢戈氏碘液染色法、离心沉淀法和麦克马斯特氏计数法等对采自河南部分地区规模化全舍饲湖羊养殖场共计553份粪便样品进行了调查。调查结果显示:寄生虫总感染率高达97.47%,75.23%的样品混合感染,样品混合感染的寄生虫种类最多为5种;共查到球虫、隐孢子虫、贾第虫、阿米巴、鞭虫、圆线虫和绦虫7种寄生虫,感染率分别为90.42%、0.90%、4.88%、65.64%、12.48%、42.13%和4.88%;感染强度最大的为球虫,每克粪便的卵囊数(OPG)最高达652 000,其次为圆线虫,每克粪便的虫卵数(EPG)最高为7 000;湖羊消化道寄生虫感染无明显的年龄、性别差异(P0.05);季节流行动态显示,春、夏、秋三季的寄生虫感染率与冬季相比有较大差异。以上结果说明,湖羊消化道寄生虫感染较为普遍,应采取有效的综合防控措施,以保障羊群的健康发展。 相似文献
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为了解规模化舍饲湖羊消化道寄生虫感染情况,本研究应用饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法、饱和盐水漂浮法、卢戈氏碘液染色法、离心沉淀法和麦克马斯特氏计数法等对采自河南部分地区规模化全舍饲湖羊养殖场共计553份粪便样品进行了调查。调查结果显示：寄生虫总感染率高达97.47%,75.23%的样品混合感染,样品混合感染的寄生虫种类最多为5种;共查到球虫、隐孢子虫、贾第虫、阿米巴、鞭虫、圆线虫和绦虫7种寄生虫,感染率分别为90.42%、0.90%、4.88%、65.64%、12.48%、42.13%和4.88%;感染强度最大的为球虫,每克粪便的卵囊数（OPG）最高达652 000,其次为圆线虫,每克粪便的虫卵数（EPG）最高为7 000;湖羊消化道寄生虫感染无明显的年龄、性别差异（P>0.05）;季节流行动态显示,春、夏、秋三季的寄生虫感染率与冬季相比有较大差异。以上结果说明,湖羊消化道寄生虫感染较为普遍,应采取有效的综合防控措施,以保障羊群的健康发展。 相似文献
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肉牛肠道寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解南乐县肉牛寄生虫感染情况,笔者随机选取4个规模化肉牛养殖场的共226份粪样进行寄生虫感染情况调查。结果共检出4种寄生虫的虫卵和卵囊,其中原虫2种(球虫、隐孢子虫),线虫2种（类圆线虫、鞭虫）。检测结果发现162份粪便样品为寄生虫阳性,寄生虫总感染率为71.68％(162／226),4个肉牛场的隐孢子虫平均感染率为4.42％,球虫平均感染率为51.12％,鞭虫平均感染率为15.84％,类圆线虫平均感染率为15.49％。本次调查发现肉牛寄生虫混合感染现象比较严重,混合感染的病例占总感染病例的63.58％,其中球虫、鞭虫和类圆线虫混合感染的病例占总感染病例的34.56％。调查还发现肉牛寄生虫感染率呈现随着年龄的增加而降低的趋势。 相似文献
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为了解宠物兔肠道寄生虫感染情况,采用卢戈氏碘液染色法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对1个宠物市场和2个宠物兔场的305份兔新鲜粪便样品进行检查。结果检出肠道寄生虫5种,总感染率为71.2%,其中球虫感染率最高,为47.2%,隐孢子虫、贾第虫、圆线虫和栓尾线虫感染率分别为2.0%、3.9%、29.5%和1.0%;不同采样点和不同年龄段宠物兔肠道寄生虫的感染率统计学差异均极显著(P<0.01),寄生虫感染随年龄增长呈递减趋势。数据表明宠物兔肠道寄生虫感染率较高,且存在人兽共患机会性原虫,应加强其寄生虫病的防治。 相似文献
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Ratanapob N Arunvipas P Kasemsuwan S Phimpraphai W Panneum S 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):741-745
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors for intestinal parasite infection in goats
raised in Nakhon Pathom Province. Fecal samples from 190 goats in 12 herds were collected per rectum. Questionnaires focusing
on the general information about the farm and farmers, and management practices on farms were completed. Modified McMaster
counting technique was performed to detect eggs of intestinal parasites. Each egg found was classified into three groups of
parasites based on its characteristics. Individual and herd prevalence were calculated. Multiple logistic regressions were
performed to analyze risk factors of infection. Herd prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 100%, while individual
prevalence was 79.47%. Strongyle group was the most common intestinal parasite found in this study. Moniezia spp. (8/190) and Trichuris spp. (1/190) were also found. The average number of eggs found was 1,176 eggs per gram of feces. Risk factors for intestinal
parasite infection were housing system, deworming interval, and type of goat in herd. Goats housed in groups had higher infection
rates compared with goats housed individually (odds ratio (OR) = 6.34; P value = 0.009). Goats in herds in which anthelmintic drugs were administered in intervals of greater than 3 months were more
likely to become infected with intestinal parasites (OR = 33.07; P value <0.001). Goats in herds that kept only dairy goats were less likely to become infected than herd that kept only meat
goats or kept both dairy and meat goats (OR = 46.20 and 8.75; P value <0.001 and 0.011, respectively). 相似文献
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Joe Luksovsky Thomas M. Craig Glenda M. Bingham Tracy Cyr David Forrest 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
A study was undertaken at the Texas A&M Horse Center to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of three anthelmintics—ivermectin, fenbendazole, and a combination of ivermectin and pyrantel pamoate—on fecal egg count reductions of cyathostomes and Parascaris equorum in 30 naturally infected foals. The foals were randomized into three treatment groups, with individuals being rerandomized after each 8-week observation period. The treatments of ivermectin and fenbendazole were given at the manufacturer's recommended doses, and the pyrantel treatment was given at two times the manufacturer's recommended dose. Fecal egg counts were performed at the time of treatment and at 2-week intervals after treatment for a total of 8 weeks. Each foal received a total of three treatments during the course of the study. Fecal egg counts were performed by a modified McMaster's test, with a sensitivity of 25 eggs per gram of feces, and by the modified Wisconsin double centrifugal flotation technique, with a sensitivity of 0.2 eggs per gram of feces. Fecal egg reduction percentages were calculated. Analysis of the results showed that ivermectin, either used alone or with pyrantel, was a more effective anthelmintic for cyathostome (small strongyle) control than fenbendazole. Fenbendazole and pyrantel showed a higher initial reduction in Parascaris egg counts when compared with the ivermectin-only-treated group, but this difference lessened over time. The use of the combination treatment showed the best results for controlling both parasites, indicating that a combination of anthelmintics may be necessary to control parasites on some equine farms. 相似文献
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Eleven rabbits were infected with 10 embryonated eggs of Toxocara vitulorum per g body weight on Days 0, 35 and 72. Embryonated eggs and larvae were enumerated in feces on Days 1-3 after each infection. Two rabbits were killed and larvae were enumerated in small intestine, liver, lungs, skeletal muscles, heart, kidney, brain, eye, uterus, and mammary glands on Days 5, 15, 30, 65 and 101. Serum was obtained on Days 0, 5, 15, 30, 42, 50, 65, 78, 86 and 101 to perform enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and Western blots against an extract of embryonated eggs. Between 4 and 10% of the administered parasites, almost all embryonated eggs, were found in the feces after the first or second infection, but 32% (27% of them larvae) after the third. Yields of tissue parasites were 4.1% of the administered dose on Day 5, 2% on Day 15, and 0.8% on Day 30 of the first infection, 0.1% on Day 30 of the second infection, and 0.06% on Day 30 of the third. Larvae were found only in liver, lungs and muscle, including heart. Larva content declined steadily in liver and lungs from Day 5 to 30 of the first infection, was absent in the liver at Day 30 of the second, and in both organs at Day 30 of the third. Muscle larva content increased from Day 15 to 30 of the first infection, and persisted throughout the third infection. Production of IgM antibody was minimal, IgG and the sum of IgMGA antibodies increased slightly or moderately after the first and second infections, but dramatically after the third. Western blots revealed the first antigens (12) by Day 15 of the first infection. Their total number increased with time and number of infections, but some antigens disappeared, whereas new antigens appeared in the course of the observations. Four antigens (32,500-41,000 mol.wt.) may be related to protection. Comparison of the Western blot patterns of two rabbits showed differences in the antigens, recognizable for each rabbit. 相似文献
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Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy heifers in western Canada 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Cox WR Lemiski D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(8):666-668
A survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing dairy replacement heifers in western Canada. Fecal samples were collected from 566 animals on 34 farms distributed over the three prairie provinces. Fecal egg counts were performed using a modified Wisconsin centrifugation technique. The overall mean farm fecal egg count was 16.0 eggs per gram feces (range 0.7-78.1 epg). Gastrointestinal nematodes were demonstrated on every farm examined, and 93.3% of all individuals tested were positive. 相似文献
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P.O. Okumu P.K. Gathumbi D.N. Karanja J.D. Mande M.M. Wanyoike C.K. Gachuiri 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(4):205-210
Background: The potential for rabbit production in Kenya is high. However, high morbidity and mortality of domestic rabbits were reported.Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the pathology, prevalence and the predisposing factors to coccidiosis in domestic rabbits in selected regions in Kenya.Animals and methods: A total of 61 farms keeping rabbits in six different counties were visited in the survey. A total of 2680 live rabbits were examined and 61 rabbits and 302 fecal samples were randomly collected from the farms and examined for coccidian oocysts by ante-mortem and post-mortem methods. The predisposing factors to coccidiosis were assessed through questionnaires and direct observation. Chi square (χ2) statistics was used with P values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 302 fecal samples, 85% (P < 0.001) contained coccidian oocysts and 2% harbored nematode eggs (Passalurus ambiguous). The overall prevalence of Eimeria spp. infestation was 85.1% in the study area and 90.2% in the individual rabbits, while prevalence of intestinal coccidiosis and hepatic coccidiosis was 29.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Higher counts of coccidian oocysts per gram of feces were recovered in weaners than in growers and adults rabbits (P < 0.001), rabbits that were kept in high density group housing (P < 0.05) and housing with more than two tiers.Conclusion: This study identified group housing of rabbits of different ages and inadequate control of concurrent infections as the major risk factors associated with coccidiosis in domestic rabbits in Kenya. 相似文献
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HU Su-hui ZHANG Zhen-jie LIU Zhen-zhen CHEN Kai-li ZHANG Gui-ling LI Jun-qiang ZHANG Long-xian WANG Rong-jun 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3592-3597
In order to understand the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dairy cattle in Hebei and Tianjin near to Bohai area, the centrifugal precipitation, Sheather's sugar flotation, and Lugol's iodine staining techniques were used to examine 1 040 fecal samples from 12 dairy cattle farms in Hebei and Tianjin areas. The overall infection rate was 61.63%, with the prevalence being 59.78% and 66.12% in Hebei and Tianjin, respectively. Eight parasite species were identified, including Coccidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., amoeba, Strongylus spp., Trichuris spp., cestode and trematode, and the infection rates were 40.96%, 1.63%, 8.46%, 33.27%, 2.02%, 3.56%, 0.96% and 0.96%, respectively. Coccidia spp. and amoeba were the predominant parasites. The present study indicated the prevalence of intestinal parasites were universal in dairy cattle in Hebei and Tianjin areas. Thus, the farms should take necessary prevention and control measures. 相似文献