共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
砜吡草唑是一种新型、高效、广谱的土壤处理除草剂，为探究其对玉米田常见杂草的除草活性及对玉米的安全性，通过室内生物测定和田间药效试验测定砜吡草唑的杀草谱、除草活性及其对玉米的安全性。室内生物测定结果表明，砜吡草唑在90g(a.i.)/hm2时，对牛筋草、马唐、狗尾草、稗草、碎米莎草、青葙、铁苋菜等多种常见秋熟作物田杂草均具有较好活性，鲜重抑制率均大于90%；对4种常见玉米田杂草马唐、稗草、青葙、碎米莎草的GR50分别为14.77、16.41、15.37、27.74g(a.i.)/hm2，除草活性在供试剂量下均高于对照药剂精异丙甲草胺。砜吡草唑在供试的3个玉米品种奥玉510、郑单958、蠡玉16和4种杂草马唐、稗草、青葙和碎米莎草之间具有较好的选择性，选择性指数为23.82～240.88。田间药效试验表明，砜吡草唑在250g(a.i.)/hm2时，对马唐、稗草、铁苋菜、碎米莎草的总鲜重防效达91.4%，对供试玉米蠡玉16安全。 相似文献
2.
异噁唑草酮防除玉米田杂草及玉米安全性效果测定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用室内生物测定和田间效果试验相结合的方法,研究异噁唑草酮在室内及田间对玉米田杂草活性及玉米安全性。室内试验结果表明,异噁唑草酮土壤处理对马唐、稗草、马齿苋和苘麻均有很好的效果且对玉米安全,其中对阔叶杂草马齿苋和苘麻的效果好于禾本科杂草马唐、稗草,对苘麻和马齿苋的GR_(90)值在2.69~6.39 ga.i./hm~2,对马唐和稗草的GR_(90)值在29.32~29.69 ga.i./hm~2。田间试验结果也表明,异噁唑草酮对玉米田杂草马唐、稗草、牛筋草、反枝苋、狗尾草均有很好的效果且对玉米安全。 相似文献
3.
4.
2016～2017年在东北春玉米种植区和黄淮海夏玉米种植区设立田间试验基地,研究除草剂异噁唑草酮·噻酮磺隆悬浮剂在不同区域玉米田播后苗前处理的杀草谱及除草效果、对玉米安全性及对下茬作物生长的影响。结果表明,26.7%异噁唑草酮·噻酮磺隆悬浮剂141.75～283.5 g ai/hm2在玉米播后苗前使用,对东北春玉米种植区主要杂草稗草、狗尾草、藜、反枝苋、苘麻、刺儿菜和黄淮海玉米种植区主要杂草马唐、牛筋草、反枝苋、马齿苋、铁苋菜等禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草均有理想效果,药后40～45 d,异噁唑草酮·噻酮磺隆上述处理对杂草鲜重防效仍在95%左右,可实现一次施药控制玉米全生长期的杂草,在玉米田具有较好的除草增产作用;对后茬播种的小麦、大豆、花生、油菜、菠菜生长无影响。 相似文献
5.
高山茶园杂草发生规律与防治对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高山茶园大多位于600m以上,新垦茶园以狗牙根、辣蓼为主,幼龄茶园春季主要是菵草、一年蓬、荠菜、小飞蓬、猪殃殃;秋季主要是马唐、牛筋草、虮子草、小旱稗、一年蓬、碎米莎草、铁苋菜、马齿苋等。投产茶园主要是马唐、狗尾草、蟋蟀草等大量滋生。春季一年蓬、菵草、猪殃殃、婆婆纳、繁缕、簇生卷耳为主;秋季马唐、牛筋草、一年蓬、小旱稗、铁苋菜、小飞蓬、爵床等为主;其中发生最为普遍和为害最严重的种类有马唐、狗尾草、狗牙根、辣蓼、白茅等几种,在比较潮湿的地段,则以香附子、酢桨草等为主;衰老茶园中一些瓜蒌、海金砂等攀缠性杂草数量增多。根据其生长和危害季节差异,可分为春季和夏秋杂草两大类,防治对策:农业和化学防除,在每年3次杂草旺发前进行防治,注意化学除草的方式和方法,提高防除效果。 相似文献
6.
为明确甲磺草胺在蔗田的应用前景,采用温室盆栽法土壤处理对其杀草谱、除草活性及其对甘蔗的安全性进行了测定。结果表明:甲磺草胺对蔗田常见的禾本科、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草有较好活性,当处理剂量为有效成分70 g/hm2时,对光头稗(Echinochloacolonum)、牛筋草(Eleusineindica)、马唐(Digitariasanguinalis)、香附子(Cyperusrotundus)、绿苋(Amaranthusviridis)和龙葵(Solanumnigrum)的鲜重抑制率均高于90%,对筒轴茅(Rottboellia cochinchinensis)、铜锤草(Oxalis corymbosa)和鹅绒藤(Cynanchum chinense)的鲜重抑制率高于80%;甲磺草胺对光头稗、牛筋草、马唐和香附子等4种主要蔗田杂草的除草活性均显著高于敌草隆;甲磺草胺在甘蔗品种‘新台糖22号’与光头稗、牛筋草、马唐和香附子之间的选择性系数依次为2.04、2.67、2.95和2.25,均明显高于对照药剂敌草隆的1.74、1.68、1.80和1.24;在甘蔗品种‘桂糖46号’与杂草间的选择性系数与‘新台糖22号’相近。研究结果表明甲磺草胺对蔗田多种主要杂草防效较好,且对广西种植面积最大的两种甘蔗品种安全,因此可以作为蔗田苗前除草剂的备选药剂。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
采用温室盆栽法研究了氟啶草酮的除草活性以及对棉花的安全性。结果表明,氟啶草酮对禾本科杂草的抑制效果优于阔叶杂草。在剂量（有效成分）为18～576 g·hm－2时,氟啶草酮对禾本科杂草狗尾草、牛筋草的鲜物质质量抑制率均为100%;氟啶草酮对阔叶杂草马泡瓜、反枝苋、苘麻、鳢肠的鲜物质质量抑制率随剂量增加而增加,在剂量为144 g·hm－2时,分别为96.77%、93.56%、96.34%和100.00%。氟啶草酮对狗尾草、牛筋草、稗草、马唐、马泡瓜、反枝苋、苘麻、醴肠的ED50均小于36 g·hm－2。氟啶草酮在夏棉50与8种杂草之间的选择性指数均大于10,高于银山1号与杂草之间的选择性指数。综上,氟啶草酮在棉花出苗前进行土壤喷雾处理能够有效防除多种棉田杂草,且对棉花安全性较高。该药剂可作为化学防除棉田杂草的理想候选药剂之一,推荐剂量为144 g·hm－2。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
采用倒置“W”取样法对唐山、秦皇岛主要春玉米产区的田间杂草进行调查，利用茎叶处理法对烟嘧磺隆+莠去津药剂组合进行最佳配比筛选。结果表明，冀东地区发生优势度较大的杂草有马唐、稗草、鸭跖草、虎尾草、藜、反枝苋、马齿苋、苘麻、苣荬菜、铁苋菜、小马泡、豚草、葎草、狗尾草共14种。秦皇岛地区以藜、反枝苋、马齿苋、马唐、稗、苘麻、鸭跖草、苣荬菜和虎尾草为主，Shannon''s指数H''为0.63，Shannon''s均匀度指数E为0.09，Margalef物种丰富度指数DMG为0.98；唐山地区以藜、马唐、鸭跖草、反枝苋、铁苋菜、苘麻、小马泡、豚草、葎草为主，Shannon''s指数H''为0.51，Shannon''s均匀度指数E为0.11，Margalef物种丰富度指数DMG为1.56。药剂筛选结果显示，与其他处理相比，烟嘧磺隆+莠去津(30 g/hm2+285 g/hm2)组合对玉米田主要杂草的防效最高，药后14 d的株防效为93.55%，药后28 d的株防效和鲜重防效分别为95.32%和93.24%。 相似文献
13.
14.
Efficacy of postemergence herbicides tankmixes in aryloxyphenoxypropionate-resistant grain sorghum 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. Joy M. Abit Kassim Al-Khatib Brian L. Olson Phillip W. Stahlman Patrick W. Geier Curtis R. Thompson Randall S. Currie Alan J. Schlegel Johnathon D. Holman Kurt A. Hudson Douglas E. Shoup Michael J. Moechnig W. James Grichar Brent W. Bean 《Crop Protection》2011,30(12):1623-1628
The development of aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP)-resistant grain sorghum could provide additional opportunities for postemergence herbicide grass control in grain sorghum. Field experiments were conducted in Texas (Bushland, and Yoakum), Kansas (Dodge City, Garden City, Hays, Manhattan, Colby, Ottawa, and Tribune), and South Dakota (Highmore) to evaluate the efficacy of quizalofop tank mixes in APP-resistant grain sorghum. Quizalofop was applied alone or in combination with dicamba, 2,4-D, prosulfuron, 2,4-D + metsulfuron methyl, or halosulfuron methyl + dicamba. Herbicides were applied when sorghum was 12–50 cm in height. Overall weed control was greater when quizalofop was applied with other herbicides than when applied alone. At 2 and 4 weeks after treatment (WAT), large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), and green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.] control were greater than 90% when quizalofop was applied alone or in combination with dicamba, halosulfuron methyl + dicamba, or prosulfuron. Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.), puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris L.), and tumble pigweed (Amaranthus albus L.) control were greater than 90% in all treatments except when quizalofop was applied alone. Herbicide treatments, except those that included 2,4-D, caused slight to no sorghum injury. Grain sorghum yield was greater for all herbicide treatments compared to the weedy check. This research showed that application of quizalofop in combination with broadleaf weed herbicides provided excellent weed control in sorghum. 相似文献
15.
硝磺草酮与二氯吡啶酸复配应用于玉米田除草效果测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用室内生物测定方法,研究硝磺草酮与二氯吡啶酸复配联合作用类型,对复配制剂进行田间效果试验。结果表明,硝磺草酮对马唐、稗草效果较好,对马齿苋、铁苋菜效果差;二氯吡啶酸对马齿苋、铁苋菜效果较好,对马唐、稗草近无效。两者复配后优势互补,作用类型均为相加作用。硝磺草酮与二氯吡啶酸两者混配剂可作为备选药剂进行田间试验,茎叶处理防除玉米田杂草,推荐比例为0.67~2.67∶1。田间试验结果表明,硝磺草酮与二氯吡啶酸复配后综合两种单剂优势,对试验田杂草马唐、马齿苋、铁苋菜和苘麻均有很好效果。 相似文献
16.
对河口低热河谷区辣木林四季杂草种类、群落组成进行调查。结果表明,该辣木林有杂草73种,隶属22科65属,其中外来入侵种19种,占杂草总数的26.0%。通过分析四季主要杂草的优势度得出,春、夏、秋季优势杂草主要是菊科的鬼针草(Bidens pilosa),禾本科的马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、十字马唐(Digitaria cruciata)、光头稗(Echinochloa colona)、牛筋草(Eleusine indica)等组成;冬季优势杂草主要有菊科的鬼针草、小飞蓬(Conyza canadensis)、鼠麴草(Gnaphalium affine)、野茼蒿(Gnaphalium affine)组成。其中,鬼针草为常年优势杂草,在四季杂草组成中外来入侵杂草优势明显。 相似文献
17.
Pyroxasulfone is a new herbicide being considered for registration in sweet maize in Canada; however, there is still little information on the doses required to provide 90% control of annual grass and broadleaved weeds found in southwestern Ontario. The objective of this study was to determine pyroxasulfone doses that would provide at least 90% control of several economically important weeds, without impacting final sweet maize yield by more than 5% in comparison to a weed-free control. Six field trials were conducted over a two-year period (2007 and 2008) at three Ontario locations to evaluate the effectiveness of pyroxasulfone at doses ranging from 31.25 to 1000 g a.i. ha−1. The doses required to reduce weed biomass by at least 90% (I90) varied by weed species. Doses of 93, 499, and 111 g a.i. ha−1 were required to reduce the biomass by 90% of redroot pigweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail, respectively. There was greater than 95% control of velvetleaf, large crabgrass and barnyardgrass with 31.25 g a.i. ha−1, the lowest dose tested. Sweet maize yield could not be consistently maintained within 5% of the weed-free control. There are several factors that may have contributed to the reduced yield, including soil texture effects, competition as a result of poor common lambsquarters control, and hybrid sensitivity. These results show that biologically effective weed control with pyroxasulfone may be achieved at lower than proposed doses for several weed species; it remains unclear if this is economically sustainable due to the potential impacts on yield. 相似文献