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《果树学报》2017,(8)
【目的】对授粉时未做去雄处理的‘满天红’ב红香酥’组合进行杂种鉴定和遗传变异分析,排除非双亲杂种单株,为利用该组合进行连锁分析奠定基础。【方法】用9对从转录组数据开发的在双亲间表现多态性的genic-SSR引物和1对自交不亲和基因检测引物对‘满天红’ב红香酥’组合所有单株进行杂种鉴定、标记偏分离分析和群体聚类分析。【结果】348个杂交单株中,有339株同时拥有母本和父本来源的特征片段,真正为‘满天红’和‘红香酥’的杂种,其余9株在部分位点未见父本条带,排除为双亲杂种的可能。卡方检验发现6个位点符合孟德尔分离定律,4个出现偏分离现象。双亲和339个真正杂种后代经遗传聚类分析分为3组:一组包含77个后代,与‘满天红’聚在一起;另一组包含183个后代,与‘红香酥’聚到一起。另有79个后代,单独聚在一起。【结论】利用Genic-SSR分析成功地对‘满天红’ב红香酥’组合梨杂种后代进行了鉴定,表明外来花粉污染是造成杂交群体中非双亲杂种污染的主要原因,产生自交后代污染的概率较低,聚类分析表明S-RNAse和部分SSR位点在该杂交群体中发生偏分离,半数以上的单株与父本‘红香酥’聚为一类。 相似文献
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SSR标记技术在甜瓜杂交种纯度检验中的应用 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
以两个甜瓜杂交品种(系) ‘东方蜜1号’和‘01231’及其亲本为材料, 用SSR分子标记技术研究杂种与其双亲之间扩增谱带的多态性, 以甄别真假杂种。所试验的23对SSR引物中有8对引物分别在两个甜瓜杂交种和其双亲之间存在扩增多态性, 表现为: 多数SSR引物对自交系的扩增只出现1条带,但部分引物在某些自交系中扩增出2条带, 杂交种条带均为父母本的互补型, 很适合做杂交种纯度鉴定。用引物M6 对‘东方蜜1号’和引物M17对‘01231’各100粒单种子进行SSR鉴定, 所测纯度分别为100%和96% , 与田间纯度99.6%和96.2%非常接近, 显示出SSR标记技术在甜瓜杂交种子纯度的室内快速检测中有广泛应用前景。 相似文献
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以中国古老月季品种‘月月粉’(Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’,用OB表示)为母本,‘无刺光叶蔷薇’(Rosa wichuriana‘Basye’s Thornless’,用W表示)为父本,构建F_1代共296个单株。从146对SSR标记中筛选出亲本间多态性好且条带清晰的23对SSR标记,对随机选择的94株F_1进行杂种鉴定和遗传分析。结果表明:筛选到3个纯合显性标记分别为Fv512、Fv609和305,可单独一次性鉴定全部杂种真实性;随机筛选的94株子代均为真杂种;20个SSR标记用于基因型分析,有9个标记出现了偏分离,并在统计上达到显著或极显著水平,偏分离率45%,说明该F_1群体基于SSR位点的基因型偏分离率较高,在进行高密度遗传图谱构建时应重视偏分离标记对作图的影响;UPGMA聚类分析显示,94株F_1的遗传变异大,且遗传多样性丰富,可划分为2个大类7个亚类。 相似文献
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<正>1997年以‘黄冠’(‘雪花梨’ב新世纪’)为母本,四川地方梨品种‘金花’(‘金川雪梨’自然实生)为父本进行人工杂交,当年获得杂交种子556粒,翌年春播种,获得实生苗176株,2002年定植于实生选种圃。2013年12月通过河北省林木品种审定委员会审定并命名。1品种特征特性树冠半圆形,树姿较开张,树势强。萌芽率和成枝力中等,以短果枝结果为主,幼树腋花芽结果明显,连续结 相似文献
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【目的】为了培育抗病抗寒无核葡萄新品种,【方法】以2个种子败育型无核品种‘波尔莱特’、‘红无籽露’作母本,以抗病抗寒的中国野生山葡萄株系‘黑龙江实生’、‘双优’及欧山杂种‘北醇’、‘00-1-10’(‘玫瑰香’ב黑龙江实生’)分别作父本杂交,授粉51 d后将胚珠分别接种于ER和MM4培养基上进行胚挽救,培养60 d后在WPM+BA 0.2 mg.L-1培养基上诱导成苗。【结果】结果表明,2个母本品种胚挽救的适宜培养基不同,‘波尔莱特’作母本适合于ER培养基,‘红无籽露’作母本适合于MM4培养基。2个母本基因型对胚珠的发育率和成苗率的影响差异不大,‘波尔莱特’略优于‘红无籽露’;但4个父本基因型对胚挽救效果影响较大,以欧山杂种‘00-1-10’和‘北醇’作父本的杂交组合胚株的发育率和成苗率明显高于山葡萄‘黑龙江实生’、‘双优’作父本的杂交组合。共获得无核葡萄胚挽救新种质50个株系。【结论】在胚挽救过程中,不同基因型的无核葡萄适宜于不同的基本培养基,欧山杂种比山葡萄更适宜于作杂交的父本。 相似文献
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苹果属部分观赏品种与中国野生种的亲缘关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
采用AFLP分子标记技术对47种苹果属植物进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析，其中24个为国外引进的观赏海棠品种。结果表明，筛选出的10对分辨率强的引物共扩增出589条带，其中多态性带534条，多态位点百分率达90.66%。观赏海棠品种在DNA分子水平上表现出极为丰富的遗传多样性。基于Jaccard系数对AFLP扩增结果进行UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean)聚类，以相似系数0.60为标准，将供试材料分为8组，以相似系数0.59为标准，将观赏海棠品种分为4组。分析认为，供试的24个观赏海棠品种中有22个品种与我国原产的苹果属植物亲缘关系较近。 相似文献
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梨新品种及其亲本的AFLP分析 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
利用荧光AFLP技术, 对20个梨新品种及其23个亲本(共43个品种) 进行研究。从64对引物组合中筛选出7对用于扩增, 共获得784条带, 其中多态性带699条, 多态性为89.2%。扩增结果显示, 7对引物组合在29个品种中扩增出特征带, 每对引物组合均能将所有品种鉴别开, 表明荧光AFLP技术用于梨品种鉴定的效率很高。通过聚类, 从分子水平对梨新品种及其亲本的遗传关系进行分析, 并对20个梨新品种进行分类, 为梨杂交育种的亲本选配提供了理论参考。 相似文献
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Gladiolus is one of the important commercial flowers with a large number of cultivars. However, genetic relationships among its genotypes have not been reported. This study analyzed genetic relatedness of 54 gladiolus cultivars using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 24 AFLP primer pairs with three samples were initially screened, from which 9 primer sets that showed clear scorable and highly polymorphic bands were selected for AFLP reactions. Fluorescence-labeled amplification products were subjected to electrophoresis and then analyzed using an automated sequencer. A dendrogram was constructed by the unweighted pair group method using the arithmetic average (UPGMA). The number of AFLP fragments generated per primer set ranged from 10 to 151 with fragment sizes varying from 50 to 450 bp. A total of 660 AFLP fragments were detected, of which 658 (99.70%) were polymorphic. All the primers except E-AGG/M-CTA displayed 100% polymorphism. All cultivars were clearly differentiated by their AFLP profiles. The AFLP data were compared with previously obtained RAPD data and combined to generate a common dendrogram. The first cluster was dominated with indigenously bred cultivars while the second was dominated with exotic cultivars. This shows that most of the exotic cultivars as well as indigenous cultivars are closely related with each other. However, two indigenous cultivars viz., Pusa Suhagin and Pusa Archana share genetic similarity with exotic cultivars. Among the genotypes selected for the investigation, Pusa Gunjan was identified as the most distinct genotype. The AFLP markers developed will help future Gladiolus cultivar identification, germplasm conservation and new cultivar development. The assessed genetic relationships among gladiolus cultivars may enhance the efficiency of breeding program by selecting desirable parents with reduced breeding cycle. 相似文献
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变叶海棠起源的AFLP分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用4对AFLP引物组合( EcoRⅠAAC +M seⅠCAC, EcoRⅠACG +M seⅠCAG, EcoRⅠACC + MseⅠCTA, EcoRⅠACT +MseⅠCAG) 对花叶海棠、陇东海棠和变叶海棠不同的变异类型进行分析, 共得到扩增位点231个, 其中多态性位点211个, 多态性比例为91.34% , 区分率达100%; 利用AFLP标记对变叶海棠、陇东海棠、花叶海棠的亲缘关系进行分析, 结果与形态学、细胞学和同工酶的结果一致, AFLP数据表明变叶海棠是花叶海棠和陇东海棠的杂交种, 从而在分子水平上揭示了变叶海棠的杂种起源。变叶海棠的变异类型是在漫长的进化过程中变叶海棠与花叶海棠和陇东海棠产生渗入杂交的结果。 相似文献
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与黄瓜抗白粉病相关基因连锁的AFLP标记的获得 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29
以黄瓜抗白粉病母本Q9和感白粉病父本Q10及组合(津春3号)的F 分离群体为试材，采用BSA法建立了对白粉病的抗病组和感病组，AFLP引物组合P18M47在两组间表现多态，且呈共显性。经F2单株分析，在高抗个体和高感个体中分别仅扩增出约238 bp和236 bp的特异片段，而在中间类型个体中同时扩增出了该两个特异片段(238 bp／236 bp)，经连锁值测定，表明该特异带与白粉病抗病相关基因紧密连锁，连锁距离为5.56 cM。测序结果显示，目标片段的大小分别为238 bp和236 bp，且两个片段的差异仅为两个“T”碱基的插入或缺失。BLAST查询表明该两个片段为新发现的黄瓜DNA序列。 相似文献
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Seedlessness is a desirable trait in citrus and has been an important breeding objective. In this study, we employed the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique to find molecular markers linked to the seedless trait in the Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). After screening with 72 primer pairs, 5 AFLP markers were identified that putatively correlated with the target trait. Their association was also tested by analyzing the AFLP profile from pooled individual accessions. The five fragments were cloned and sequenced, and BLAST searches showed that four of the markers had high homology to functional genes, providing some promising information that may aid in understanding the molecular mechanism of seedlessness in citrus. Based on the sequence information, eight specific primers were designed and eventually fragments AFLP-2 and AFLP-5 were successfully converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Thus, the markers detected could be useful for accelerating citrus breeding programmes by enabling early screening for seedlessness mutations using marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
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YOung Hee Joung 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):316-321
SummaryThis research was initiated to identify the parentage of putative Ornithogalum hybrids using DNA fingerprinting techniques. Seeds were harvested from Ornithogalum thyrsoides hybrid ‘Chesapeake Starlight’ (‘CS’) and five seedlings (SD1-SD5) were selected and evaluated for growth and flowering. These seedlings varied in scape length, flower shape and colour, and the presence or absence of pollen. Ornithogalum conicum, Bokbaai type of O. thyrsoides 7050A, 7050B and a seedling from a cross between O. conicum x O. thyrsoides 7050C which were considered as possible paternal parents of the seedlings were also analysed for DNA fingerprinting.A total of 169 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) bands were produced, of which 90 (53%) were polymorphic. Based on the p-distance value, O. conicum was initially excluded as a potential source of pollen and Bokbaai type of Ornithogalum 7050A, and 7050B was considered to be the most likely pollen source. However, the possibility that all seedlings could result from self-pollinated progenies of ‘CS’ was not excluded. Five randomly selected primer pairs for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis generated a total of 298 fragments, of which 191 (63.4 %) were polymorphic bands. The presence of marker 109 in all four seedlings, SD1, SD 2, SD 4, and SD 5 and in O. conicum x 7050C suggests that marker 109 was inherited from 7050C. According to the p-distance and nonmaternal band analysis performed with RAPD and AFLP, it was concluded that the seedlings were not the result of self-pollination, and O. thyrsoides 7050C could be the paternal parent. Ornithogalum species such as O. thyrsoides, instead of O. conicum, should be used in future breeding efforts to breed a paper white flower with cup-shaped florets. 相似文献
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辐射诱变和芽变柑橘品种(系)的AFLP分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了对广东省近年来新选育的16个60Co-γ辐射诱变和芽变柑橘优良品系(株系)进行遗传差异分析,应用AFLP技术,对3个亲本和16个辐射诱变和芽变的柑橘品种(系)进行了遗传差异分析。从64对引物中筛选出9对多态性高、分辨能力强的引物进行分析,结果表明:(1)与各自的亲本相比,供试16个辐射诱变和芽变的柑橘变异类型的遗传基础均已经发生了不同程度的变化。(2)利用引物EcoRⅠAAG+MseⅠCTT绘制供试样品的AFLP指纹图谱,并根据各自的差异带或特征带区分了19个柑橘试材。(3)对AFLP扩增结果进行聚类分析,根据相似系数0.77的水平可将19个样品分为4组。红江橙品系中的华青1号与亲本间的相似性系数仅为0.647 7,可将其单独划为一组。可为柑橘新品种选育研究的早期鉴定提供参考依据。 相似文献