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1.
用MTDFREML方法估计大白猪遗传参数 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本研究应用ＭＴＤＦＲＥＭＬ方法对３４１窝大白猪选育群和１４７０头测定猪繁殖性状、生长性状、体型性状等进行遗传力和遗传相关估计,窝总产仔数和活产仔数遗传力分别是０．１１和０．１３。１６５日龄校正体重的遗传力是０．３１。校正背膘厚遗传力０．３８～０．５０。窝总产仔数与校正体重的遗传相关为－０．０２。窝总产仔数与肩部、腰部、荐部及三点平均膘厚的校正背膘厚的遗传相关是－０．３４～－０．６６。活产仔数与校正背膘厚的遗传相关是－０．０８～－０．１１。 相似文献
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3.
本文引用８年间生产的１６个组合中筛选出的４个较佳组合,研究梅山猪杂交组合的产仔数和断奶窝重等繁殖性状,试验采用引进良种、计划选育、合理营养和科学管理等方法,使产仔数稳定在１３．６５￣１４．７４头,产仔高峰期二和三元分别为５￣８和４￣６胎次,４５日龄断奶窝重三元比二元提高１６．９３￣３８．９３ｋｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１）或（Ｐ〈０．０５）。 相似文献
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本试验将３０头“长莱”二元杂交母猪随机分为二组,以研究早期断奶和应用性激素在缩短母猪产仔间隔,提高母猪繁殖率方面的效果。结果表明,在产仔数、初生重两个方面,两种方法的差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）;但４５日龄存活率,用性激素组高出近４个百分点,差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时,４５日龄个体重,性激素组高出０．８９ｋｇ／头,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。 相似文献
5.
２１只泌乳母兔根据其产仔数分为５个小组，进行一个月的饲养试验，试验结果表明，泌乳期间母兔的体重变化与产仔数关系各组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），与仔兔的增重呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８９８）。母兔产仔后２０日龄体重降到最低点，以后母兔体重开始逐渐恢复，而窝产仔数与个体初生重呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．８４９ 相似文献
6.
生长激素对猪生长、胴体组成及肉质的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选用体重６４ ｋｇ 左右的大大二三元杂种猪１８ 头， 随机分为２ 组， 试验组和对照组各９ 头。试验组每头每天肌肉注射猪生长激素（ｐＳＴ）５ ｍｇ ，共１４ ｄ， 对照组肌注生理盐水。饲养结束时进行屠宰测定， 取背最长肌进行肉质分析。结果表明： ｐＳＴ 处理组平均日增重显著高于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０－０５） ， 料重比下降２１－６８ ％ ， 胴体重提高２－６２ ％ ， 三点膘厚下降７－７８ ％ ， 肝重提高１４－８６％ ， 心重提高１８－０７ ％ ， 肌肉失水率提高１２－６８ ％ ，切割力提高１－６８ ％ ， 大理石纹提高１５－０９ ％ ， 但差异均不显著（ Ｐ ＞ ０－０５） 。ｐＳＴ 对其它指标均无显著影响 相似文献
7.
本文采用双重和三重配种对本场－千多头母猪的产仔力进行观察结果三重配种显著提高母猪产仔数和产活仔数（Ｐ〈０．０１），两种配种法对仔猪初生重无显著影响（Ｐ〉０．０５）。 相似文献
8.
本研究用新老丹系长白猪组建基础群,应用ＢＬＵＰ育种软件,开展常年大群种猪测定,严格按ＥＢＶＳ值形成核心群,经过２个世代选育,品系主要性能指标：产仔数１１．０４头,产活仔数１０．１０头,２５～１００ｋｇ平均日增重９６９．５克,料重比２．５２,体重达１００ｋｇ日龄１５０．２天,背膘厚１３．７ｍｍ,胴体瘦肉率６６．５１％,肉质优良,较好地保持长白猪优良性能,同时开展长大杂交优势研究,繁殖性状杂交效果显著。 相似文献
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在１７个县（市）共测７个杂交组合、２个母本对照组的９４０窝仔猪。结果证明,以甘肃白猪、甘肃黑猪为主体母本,用杜洛克、汉普夏、大约克和长白公猪与其杂交的组合的窝产仔数、容产活仔数与纯繁对照组相近,３５日龄、７５日龄育成窝仔数比纯繁对照组增加０．４８头（Ｐ〈０．０５）和０．５头（Ｐ〈０．０５）;初生、３５日龄、７５日龄个体重比纯繁对照组分别高０．１１ｋｇ（Ｐ〉０．０５）、０．８ｋｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１）、３ 相似文献
10.
单性状选择生长速度或背膘厚母猪身体组成的变化及其与繁殖性能的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究利用荷兰大白猪单性状选择生长速度或背膘厚2个品系的实验数据，分析了母猪身体组成性状的相关变化及其与繁殖性能的相关。选择性状175日龄体重和背膘厚与第一肥产仔数的相关为0．17和0．41，母猪身体组成性状体重和背膘与产仔存在正的较强相关，并表现年龄趋势，配种前体重、背膘是繁殖性能更好的预测者。哺乳期失重的遗传力为0．25，与下一胎产仔数的遗传相关为－0．76，与175日龄体重和背膘厚的遗传相关为－0．47和－0．41。快速生长系母猪身体组成性状的遗传趋势均为显著正值，低背膘系则相反。结果表明：选择生长速率，母狸身体组成和产仔数为正向变化，选择低背膘厚则相反；哺乳期失重存在较大的遗传变异，并与随后胎次的产仔数相关密切，应引起猪育种者的重视。 相似文献
11.
为优化母猪繁殖效率,探究妊娠期不同背膘厚对母猪繁殖性能和分娩产程的影响,本研究以广西某公司2 969头大白母猪和1 787头长白母猪为试验群体,收集2017年1月至2017年10月妊娠期3个阶段(妊娠30、80和107 d)背膘厚与分娩接产记录数据,分析背膘厚与分娩产程、总产仔数、产活仔数和初生窝重等性状的关系。研究结果表明,大白母猪分娩产程时间显著短于长白母猪(P<0.05),大白母猪总产仔数、产活仔数和初生窝重显著优于长白母猪(P<0.05)。在妊娠30 d时,背膘厚在18～20 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大;背膘厚在18～20 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高。在妊娠80 d时,背膘厚≥20 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大、产程最短;背膘厚在16～18 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重较高、母猪产程较短。在妊娠107 d时,背膘厚在14～16 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大,但母猪产程与其他组差异不显著(P>0.05);背膘厚≥20 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重较大。妊娠期背膘厚减少1～2 mm的大白母猪,其总产仔数和产活仔数最高,初生窝重较小,产程较长。而背膘厚减少>2 mm的长白母猪,其总产仔数和产活仔数最高,初生窝重较大,产程较短。上述试验结果说明,在母猪妊娠期间,合适的背膘厚可有效提高母猪繁殖性能和母猪分娩期间的福利水平。养殖场可以根据营养配方和猪群品种建立背膘数据库,通过精准饲喂将母猪背膘厚调整至最佳范围,同时合理控制妊娠期背膘变化。 相似文献
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Twenty-eight primiparous sows were used to determine the effect of litter size on the growth of mammary glands and nursing pigs during lactation. Litter size was set to 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 pigs by cross-fostering immediately after birth. Four sows were allotted to each litter-size group. Sows were allowed to consume a daily maximum of 13.6 Mcal ME and 46.3 g of lysine during lactation. Sows were slaughtered on d 21 (20.6+/-1.1) of lactation. Mammary glands were collected at slaughter and trimmed of skin and the extraneous fat pad. Each gland was separated, weighed, and ground for chemical analysis. Dry matter, dry fat-free tissue (DFFT), crude protein, ash, and DNA contents were measured. Only glands known to have been nursed were included in the data set. Wet and dry weights and the amounts of DFFT, protein, DNA, ash, and fat in individual nursed mammary glands linearly decreased (P<.05) as litter size increased. Percentages of DFFT, protein, and DNA were quadratically affected (P<.05) by litter size on d 21 of lactation. Total mammary wet and dry weights and total DFFT, protein, DNA, fat, and ash amount of all nursed mammary glands of each sow were increased as litter size increased (P<.05). Changing litter size from 6 to 12 pigs resulted in 2,098, 432, 253, 227, 4.4, 178, and 20 g increases in the amounts of total mammary wet weight, dry weight, DFFT, protein, DNA, fat, and ash, respectively, on d 21 of lactation. Litter weight gain was 18.1 kg greater in sows with 12 pigs than in sows with 6 pigs. Sows with a larger litter size had a greater increase in total mass of mammary gland tissue and litter weight but had lower growth of individual nursed mammary glands and individual pigs than sows with the smaller litter size. The need for nutrients to support additional mammary gland and litter growth as litter size increases should be considered when estimating nutrient requirements for lactating sows. Sows need an additional .96 g lysine per day to account for mammary gland growth for each pig added to a litter. 相似文献
13.
母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对产仔性能和胎盘脂质氧化代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探讨母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对产仔性能和胎盘脂质氧化代谢的影响,以探索母猪妊娠期脂肪沉积与繁殖性能的关系。本试验度量了846头经产大白母猪妊娠第109天时的背膘厚度,并分为3组,背膘厚度≤18 mm的为第1组(母猪192头),背膘厚度为19~22 mm的为第2组(母猪265头),背膘厚度≥23 mm的为第3组(母猪389头)。记录母猪分娩后的产仔性能,测定胎盘组织中脂质、氧化产物水平及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明:1)尽管母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对总产仔数、产活仔数及木乃伊数无显著影响(P0.05),但显著影响了死胎数、初生窝重、初生头重和胎盘效率(P0.05)。其中,第2组的初生头重、初生窝重及胎盘效率显著高于其他2组(P0.05);第2组的死胎数显著低于第1组(P0.05),与第3组差异不显著(P0.05)。值得注意的是,母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度显著影响每窝初生重≤0.9 kg的仔猪数和每窝初生重≤1.0 kg的仔猪数(P0.05),第3组的每窝初生重≤0.9 kg的仔猪数和每窝初生重≤1.0 kg的仔猪数均显著高于其他2组(P0.05)。2)在第3组的胎盘组织中,不仅甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及游离脂肪酸(FFA)的水平显著高于其他2组(P0.05),而且丙二醛(MDA)和活性氧(ROS)水平也显著高于其他2组(P0.05),同时超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著低于其他2组(P0.05)。3)妊娠末期母猪胎盘组织中ROS水平与总产仔数、初生窝重及胎盘效率呈显著负相关(P0.05),而MDA水平与总产仔数呈显著负相关(P0.05)。由此可知,母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度与产仔性能密切相关。妊娠末期维持背膘厚度在19~22 mm,母猪可获得较高的产仔性能;背膘厚度≤18 mm时,会增加死胎数;而背膘厚度≥23 mm时,会引起胎盘组织中脂质过度沉积,从而加剧胎盘氧化应激的发生。 相似文献
14.
Effects of sarcoptic mange on lactating swine and growing pigs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The impact of Sarcoptic mange on sows and on performance of their offspring from birth to slaughter was determined. Sows naturally infested with Sarcoptic mange were paired, mated to the same boar, and assigned randomly to treated or control farrowing groups. Treated sows received ivermectin s.c. at 300 micrograms/kg body weight; control sows received the vehicle s.c. Sow performance was evaluated via sow feed consumption, litter size, litter birth weights, litter weaning weights and piglet death loss from birth to weaning. Seven replicates (farrowing groups), each with six sow pairs, were included in the trial. Offspring from treated and control sows, 35 head/group, were fed to slaughter weights. Untreated sows had litters that weighed 4.14 kg less than ivermectin-treated sow litters at 21 d (P less than .07). Treated sows consumed 1.95 kg less feed per weaned piglet and .13 kg less feed per kilogram of weaned piglet (P less than .05). Piglets from treated sows were 5.79 kg/head heavier at slaughter (P less than .05) and had a .05 kg/d superior average daily gain (P less than .05). 相似文献
15.
该试验旨在验证１９９６年的小试结果，试验设两个组；试验组饲喂４９２５／４９２６预混料，共１８８头母猪，对照组馈喂３８６４预混料，共２２０头猪。试验在母猪胎次、饲养管理条件基本相似，公、母猪品种基础饲粮完全相同的条件下进行，其试验结果：窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、活仔窝重，试验组较对照组分别提高０．４５头、０．６２头、０３９ｋｇ；断奶窝仔数、断奶窝重、断奶个体重，试验组较对照组分别提高０．４头、６．０ｋｇ 相似文献
16.
波尔山羊繁殖性状遗传参数的估计 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
对 2 4 8窝波尔山羊的胎产羔数、羔羊初生重和 2月龄体重的资料进行了遗传分析。结果表明 :公羊和胎次均对母羊产羔数具有显著的影响(P <0 0 5)。不同产羔季节对羔羊初生重和 2月龄体重也具有显著影响。产羔数的遗传力为 0 1 52 ,属低遗传力 ,而羔羊初生重和 2月龄体重 2个性状 (0 433 ,0 347)有中等或较高的遗传力。波尔母羊胎产羔数与羔羊初生重、 2月龄体重之间存在显著或极显著的表型相关 ,但是它们之间却存在显著或极显著的负遗传相关 (P <0 0 5或 P<0 0 1 )。羔羊的初生重和 2月龄体重间 ,无论是表型相关还是遗传相关 ,都呈极显著的正相关(P <0 0 1 )。 相似文献
17.
A total of 124 Duroc and 99 Landrace primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned, within breed and contemporary group, to control (N) or 10% added fat (F) diets on d 105 of gestation based on parity and genetic line (control or selected for improved sow productivity), to determine the effects of genetic line and fat addition to the lactation diet on sow and litter performance. Weekly feed intake was not affected (P greater than .10) by genetic line for Duroc and Landrace sows but feed intake was reduced (P = .08) during wk 1 to 4 for Duroc sows and during wk 1 and 4 for Landrace sows (P less than .05) when they were fed diet F compared with diet N. Select (S)-line Duroc and Landrace sows lost more weight during lactation (P less than .01) than did control (C)-line sows. Select-line Landrace sows lost more backfat during lactation (P less than .05) than did C-line sows. Landrace sows lost less weight during lactation (P less than .05) when fed diet F than when fed diet N. The total number of pigs born, born alive, and alive at 21 d and at weaning were higher (P less than .01) for S-line Duroc sows, and litter size at 21 d and at weaning was higher (P less than .01) for S-line Landrace sows than for C-line litters within each breed. Pig survival from birth to weaning was increased (P = .07) for Duroc sows fed diet F but not for Landrace sows.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
以华南某1 500头规模种猪场2009年到2010年1 502窝长白猪分娩信息进行优化、选配减少近交畸形的研究,结果显示血缘选配优化时将近交系数控制在1%比3%效果明显,平均产活仔数从10.39头/窝提高到10.46头/窝(P＞0.05),畸形率从10.30%下降到4.79%(P＜0.01);对其中402窝出现畸形仔猪... 相似文献
19.
为充分利用地方猪种资源,培育优质、高效的专门化母本新品系,以长白猪、梅山猪、通城猪和湖北白猪为遗传资源,进行了湖北白猪新品系的选育。经过6个世代持续选育,各品种在品系的血统比例分别为45.15%、23.39%、7.08%和24.38%。湖北白猪优质系初产母猪产仔数达12.13头/窝,经产母猪达13.52头/窝,经产母猪产活仔数12.74头/窝;肥育期平均日增重达到621.39 g,达90 kg体重日龄为179.26 d,料重比3.15。90 kg体重阶段屠宰率为74.96%,屠体背膘厚为2.64cm,瘦肉率为58.69%,眼肌面积为38.02 cm2,肌内脂肪含量3.05%。 相似文献
20.
The purpose of this study was to determine growth performance of nursing pigs in relationship to teat order and to observe teat preference by pigs. In the first experiment, litter size of 13 primiparous sows was adjusted to 9 (8.7 +/- 1.5) pigs and teat order of each litter was observed on the day before slaughter. Another group of eight sows was killed on d 0 (within 12 h after farrowing). In the second experiment, litter size was adjusted to 9 (8.9 +/- 1.4) pigs for 20 primiparous sows and teat order for each litter was observed 1 d before slaughter. The weights of sows and individual pigs were recorded at farrowing, weekly, and on the day before slaughter. Mammary glands were collected at slaughter on d 21 of lactation and trimmed of skin and the extraneous fat pad. Individual glands were separated, weighed, and ground for measurement of dry matter, dry fat-free tissue, protein, fat, ash, and DNA contents. Middle mammary glands had the greatest wet weight among glands obtained within 12 h after weaning (P < .05). For sows completing the 21 d lactation, only glands known to have been nursed were included in the data sets. Greater than 60% of the first four pairs of mammary glands were nursed, and less than 40% of the seventh and eighth glands were nursed by pigs during lactation. Pigs that nursed the first five pairs of anterior glands gained faster than pigs nursing the remaining glands. The first five pairs of anterior glands had greater wet and dry weights, and greater protein and DNA contents compared with the remaining glands. Pigs that nursed heavier glands gained weight faster (r = .68, P = .0001), and those heavier glands contained greater amounts of protein (r = .98, P = .0001) and DNA (r = .66, P = .0001). Variation in weight gain of pigs nursing the anterior and middle glands was not statistically significant. The functional superiority of anterior and middle glands was positively correlated with body weight gain of nursing pigs. 相似文献