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[目的]分析山东口岸进境矿产品植物疫情截获情况,提高矿产品有害生物疫情检出率,有效保护国门生物安全.[方法]分别从截获植物疫情变化规律、疫情类别、矿产品类型、检疫性有害生物与一般有害生物情况、来源地、不同隶属关截获情况等方面对山东口岸2008—2017年进境矿产品截获的各类疫情进行了统计分析.[结果]山东进境矿产品中截获有害生物总计54种(属),2560种次,1574批次,检疫性有害生物4种(属),29种次.进境矿产品中有害生物截获种类和种次均呈现中间多两端少的特点,以昆虫、线虫和杂草截获种类最多,占截获种类总数的87.04％,昆虫截获种次最多,占截获总种次的65.70％;有害生物的截获种类和种次均以非金属矿产截获最多,金属矿产次之;共截获4种(属)、29种次检疫性有害生物,50种(属)、2531种次一般性有害生物;截获种次前三位国家分别是朝鲜、韩国、印度尼西亚.[结论]研究结果对口岸进境矿产品疫情截获及防控提供了理论和数据支持. 相似文献
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本文通过对2013—2018年温州空港口岸截获的入境旅客植物及其产品情况进行分析,发现温州空港口岸有害生物检出种类呈增长态势。6年共查获管制的植物和植物产品7495批次,截获有害生物110种,其中检疫性有害生物13种,占比11.82%。有害生物种类以昆虫居多,共55种,占比50%;热带水果检出有害生物最多,8种热带水果中检出12种检疫性有害生物。旅客携带物的有害生物检出具有时间季节效应,疫情来源地以东南亚中国台湾、中国香港、越南和泰国等国家和地区为主等特点。根据截获温州空港口岸入境旅客携带植物及其产品检出有害生物特点,因地制宜对入境旅客携带物检验检疫提出相关应对策略。 相似文献
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木霉对植物的促生及诱导抗性研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
木霉不仅能够直接抑制植物病原菌的生长,还可通过定殖于植物的根部引起植物新陈代谢的改变。本文综述了木霉在植物根部定殖后,通过产生植物生长调节剂、抑制或降解根际有害物质、增加养分利用率以促进植物生长以及通过产生激发子诱导植物形成胞壁沉积物、合成抗菌物质以诱导植物局部或系统抗性的研究进展,以期为进一步扩大木霉在农业生产中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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植物他感化合物在植物保护上的应用研究及展望 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
植物他感化合物对昆虫具有引诱、驱避、拒食以及毒杀、增效等作用 ,利用植物他感化合防治害虫和抗虫育种在植物保护中具有重要意义。本文对其在植物保护上的研究、应用现状进行概述。 相似文献
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N. M. Pasiecznik I. M. Smith G. W. Watson A. A. Brunt B. Ritchie L. M. F. Charles 《EPPO Bulletin》2005,35(1):1-7
Never before has the need for accurate distribution data for plant pests been so important. CAB International (CABI) and EPPO are international organizations with a long history and strong involvement in collating and disseminating information on the global distribution of plant pests. Distribution Maps of Plant Pests and Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, first published in 1951 and 1942, respectively, are respected, referenced sources of such data, expertly compiled and validated and used by plant health organizations around the world. They have been joint CABI/EPPO publications since 1997, and provide an essential complement to expanding knowledge on plant pest distribution. The Distribution Maps continue to be the most authoritative sources of information on the presence and extent of specific plant pests, sourced from the 4.5 million records in CAB Abstracts as a basis and numerous other sources. They also feed directly into CABI's Crop Protection Compendium (CPC) and EPPO's Plant Quarantine Data Retrieval System (PQR) databases. Their history, compilation and value are discussed. 相似文献
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采用样方法调查了呼和浩特市22个典型样地中植物的种类和数量,其中17个样地有牛膝菊的入侵,进一步分析其物种丰富度指数、优势度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数,结果表明:22个样地中共有84种植物,隶属于28科65属,其中菊科(Compositae)植物最多(17种),占22.238%;禾本科(Gramineae)植物次之(14种),占16.667%,藜科(Chenopodiaceae)植物占7.143%;常见植物有24种。通过牛膝菊重要值与多样性指数之间关系的分析,发现牛膝菊入侵的样地与对照组CK相比,四种指数表现出基本一致的下降趋势,并且随着牛膝菊重要值的增大,Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)显著降低(P<0.05),Simpson指数(D_i)和Pielou指数(J)极显著降低(P<0.01),牛膝菊的入侵降低其分布区的植物多样性。 相似文献
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Actinomycetes as plant pathogens 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Romano Locci 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1994,100(3-4):179-200
Biology, taxonomy, pathogenicity and control of plant disease inducing actinomycetes are reviewed. Recent progress in the study of potato, sweet potato, blueberry and fruit and forest tree diseases is illustrated. The role in potato scab pathogenesis of the newly discovered phytotoxins, thaxtomins, is discussed.Abbreviations ATCC
American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Md, USA
- IMRU
Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
- ISP
International Streptomyces Project
- PCNB
pentachloronitrobenzene
- 3,5-D
3,5-dichlorofenoxyacetic acid 相似文献
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Herbicide hormesis is commonly observed at subtoxic doses of herbicides and other phytotoxins. The occurrence and magnitude of this phenomenon are influenced by plant growth stage and physiological status, environmental factors, the endpoint measured and the timing between treatment and endpoint measurement. The mechanism in some cases of herbicide hormesis appears to be related to the target site of the herbicide, whereas in other examples hormesis may be by overcompensation to moderate stress induced by the herbicides or a response to disturbed homeostasis. Theoretically, herbicide hormesis could be used in crop production, but this has been practical only in the case of the use of herbicides as sugar cane ‘ripeners’ to enhance sucrose accumulation. The many factors that can influence the occurrence, the magnitude and the dose range of hormetic increases in yield for most crops make it too unpredictable and risky as a production practice with the currently available knowledge. Herbicide hormesis can cause undesired effects in situations in which weeds are unintentionally exposed to hormetic doses (e.g. in adjacent fields, when shielded by crop vegetation). Some weeds that have evolved herbicide resistance may have hormetic responses to recommended herbicide application rates. Little is known about such effects under field conditions. A more complete understanding of herbicide hormesis is needed to exploit its potential benefits and to minimize its potential harmful effects in crop production. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献