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1.
Soheila Espanani Mohammad Mahdi Majidi Ghodratollah Saeidi Hossein Alaei Vahid Rezaei 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(6):846-861
Possibility of using interspecific hybridization to increase genetic diversity of drought tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and effectiveness of different selection methods is poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of (a) interspecific hybridization to expand genetic diversity in safflower for agronomic traits and drought tolerance in advance generations and (b) different selection methods (direct vs. indirect) for improving seed yield. Interspecific hybridizations were performed between species of C. tinctorius × C. palaestinus (TP), C. palaestinus × C. oxyacantha (PO) and C. tinctorius × C. oxyacantha (TO). Based on the field screening of genotypes in F3 generation, four groups of selected genotypes (derived from combination of direct and indirect selection under both drought and normal environments along with selection based on drought tolerance index (STI)) were evaluated in F4 and F5 generations. Indirect selection for seed yield was significantly more efficient than direct selection. Selection in stress environment resulted to more efficiency than selection in normal environment. No significant difference was observed between direct selection and selection based on STI. The result showed that TP was the best population to combine high seed yield and drought tolerance in safflower. 相似文献
2.
A. Ashri 《Euphytica》1971,20(3):410-415
Summary The world collection of cultivated safflower, C. tinctorius L., containing about 2000 lines, was screened for resistance to one of its severest insect pests, the safflower fly, Acanthophilus helianthi R. Only 3 lines with low infestation levels were found but they cannot be considered reliable sources of resistance. Nine wild Carthamus species were also tested. Several species contained fly-free accessions, among them two species which are closely related to cultivated safflower, viz C. flavescens
Willd. and C. palaestinus
Eig. Breeding for earliness which will lead to more escapes, appears the best approach towards minimizing fly damage in the Mediterranean area. 相似文献
3.
Exploitation of wild annual Cicer species for widening the gene pool of chickpea cultivars 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mohar Singh Krishna Kumar Ishwari S. Bisht Manoranjan Dutta Mukesh K. Rana Jai C. Rana Kailash C. Bansal Ashutosh Sarker 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):186-192
Introgression of unadapted genes from the wild Cicer species could contribute to the widening of genetic base of important traits such as yield, yield attributes and resistance to major biotic and abiotic stresses. An attempt was made successfully to intercross two wild annual Cicer species with three cultivated chickpea cultivars. Four interspecific cross‐combinations were made, and their true hybridity was ascertained through morphological and molecular markers. These cross‐combinations were also studied for some important quantitative traits under real field conditions. The range, mean and coefficient of variation of agro‐morphological traits were assessed in the parental lines, their F1 and F2 generations to determine the extent of variability generated in cultivated chickpea varieties. A high level of heterosis was recorded for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant in F1 generation. Three cross‐combinations of ‘Pusa 1103’ × ILWC 46, ‘Pusa 256’ × ILWC 46 and ‘Pusa 256’ × ILWC 239 exhibited substantially higher variability for important yield‐related traits. The present research findings indicate that these wild annual Cicer species can be easily exploited to broaden the genetic base of cultivated gene pool for improving seed yield as well as adaptation. 相似文献
4.
Phytophthora root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most damaging diseases of soybean, for which management is principally done by planting resistant cultivars
with race specific resistance which are conferred by Rps (Resistance to Phytophthora sojae) genes. The Rps8 locus, identified in the South Korean landrace PI 399073, is located in a 2.23 Mbp region on soybean chromosome 13. In eight
cv. Williams (rps8/rps8) × PI 399073 (Rps8/Rps8) populations, this region exhibited strong segregation distortion. In a cross between the South Korean lines PI 399073 (Rps8/Rps8) and PI 408211B (multiple Rps genes) this region segregated in a Mendelian fashion. In this study, microsporogenesis was evaluated to identify meiotic
abnormalities that may be associated with the segregation distortion of the Rps8 region. Pollen was collected from greenhouse-grown plants of the parental genotypes: Williams, PI 399073, and PI 408211B;
as well as selected Rps8/rps8 RILs from Williams × PI 399073 BC4F2:3 and PI 399073 × PI 408211B F4:5 populations. There were no differences for pollen viability among the genotypes. However, for PI 399073, a mix of dyads,
triads, tetrads and pentads was observed. A high frequency of meiotic abnormalities including fragments, laggards, multinucleated
microspores; and microcytes containing DNA was also observed in Rps8/rps8 Williams × PI 399073 BC4F2:3 RILs. These meiotic abnormalities may contribute to the high degree of segregation distortion present in the Williams × PI
399073 populations. 相似文献
5.
Inheritance of Cercospora leaf spot resistance in mungbean was studied in 20 crosses involving crosses of resistant × susceptible, resistant × resistant, susceptible × susceptible lines. 3:1 ratio was observed in all 14 F2s involving resistant × susceptible parents. The inheritance of Cercospora leaf spot resistance is thus controlled by a single recessive gene. Our results are contradictory to observations of Thaklk et al. (1977 a, b) who found monogenic dominant inheritance of Cercospora leaf spot resistance in mungbean. 相似文献
6.
Worldwide, cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines is the most destructive pathogen on cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In the USA yield losses in 2001 were estimated to be nearly 60 million dollars. Crop losses are primarily reduced
by the use of resistant cultivars. Nematode populations are variable and have adapted to reproduce on resistant cultivars
overtime because resistance primarily traces to two soybean accessions. Recently cv. Hartwig was released which has comprehensive
resistance to most SCN populations. A virulent nematode population LY1 was recently selected for its reproduction on Hartwig.
LY1 population originated from a mass mating of Race 2 (HG Type 1.2.5-) females with Race 5 (HG Type 1.2-) males. LY1 nematode
population infects currently known sources of resistance except PI 567516C. The female indices obtained on PI 567516C and
Hartwig were 7% (resistant) and 155% (susceptible), respectively. However, the genetic basis of LY1 resistance in soybean
PI 567516C is not known. Resistant PI line 567516C was crossed to susceptible cultivar Hartwig to generate 105 F2:5 families. These families together with parents, seven indicator lines and a susceptible control cv. Lee-74 were evaluated
for response to LY1 nematode population in the greenhouse. Chi-square analysis showed resistance in PI567516C to LY1 was conditioned
by one dominant and two recessive genes (Rhg, rhg, rhg). Chi-square value was 0.15 and P = 0.70. This information will be useful to soybean researchers for developing resistant cultivars to nematode population
that infects Hartwig. 相似文献
7.
Rafael Augusto Vieira Carlos Alberto Scapim Lia Mara Moterle Dauri José Tessmann Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves 《Euphytica》2012,185(3):325-336
The combining ability and genetic parameters of maize grown in two different environments of diseases pressure were estimated
for partial resistance to northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcium, NLB) and gray leaf spot (Cercospora spp., GLS). Nine inbred lines were crossed in a complete diallel mating scheme including reciprocals. Two experiments were
carried out to test the hybrids using randomised complete blocks design with three replications during the growing season
2008/2009. The severities of NLB and GLS were assessed under natural infestation conditions. The first experiment was the
lowest NLB and GLS pressure environment, whereas the second was the highest. Data was evaluated using individual and joint
Griffing’s diallel analyses. General and specific combining abilities were significant (P < 0.10) for NLB and GLS resistance under both pressures. Although additive and nonadditive gene effects were significant,
the additive gene effects were more important for resistance to the diseases. The lines 1 (P83), 6 (P30F) and 7 (Pst) had the most outstanding general combining ability for NLB resistance, and the line 3 (P80) was outstanding for resistance to GLS. Based on both diseases resistance and grain yield, the synthetic composites 6 × 7 × 3
and (6 × 7) × 3 were recommended for intrapopulational breeding using recurrent selection. Three promising hybrid combinations
(the 3 × 6, and 5 × 7 for resistance to NLB, and 3 × 9 for resistance to GLS) were recommended for interpopulational breeding.
Resistance levels to NLB and GLS resistance were better discriminated under HP than LP conditions; however, promising lines
were detected under both pressures. 相似文献
8.
The present study evaluated the individual plants reaction of F2 hybrid generation of C. annuum: ATZ1 × PO and ATZ1 × CDT as well as two interspecific hybrids: C. frutescens × C. annuum ATM1 and C. frutescens × C. chinense on androgenesis conditions in in vitro anther cultures. The experiment was carried out following a modified method of Dumas
de Vaulx et al. (Agronomie 1:859–864, 1981). There were demonstrated clear differences in the effectiveness of androgenesis
both between the pepper hybrid forms as well as among individual plants of all the genotypes tested. The highest effectiveness
of androgenic embryos development was observed for the cultivated form of C. annuum: (ATZ1 × PO)F2. Anthers of most of the plants of this hybrid produced embryos at the level higher than 5%, while in anther cultures of the
second C. annuum hybrid (ATZ1 × CDT)F2 almost 3-fold fewer embryos and plants were produced. Anthers isolated from flower buds of interspecific hybrids formed much
lower number of embryos. A positive reaction was recorded for five hybrid plants of (C. frutescens × C. annuum ATM1)F2, while in case of (C. frutescens × C. chinense)F2 androgenic embryos were obtained from anthers of two plants. Only in the case of a one of these plants did the effectiveness
of androgenesis exceed 5%. The ploidy level of the regenerants was determined by flow cytometry. Among the regenerants there
were observed both haploid forms and the plants with the diploid number of chromosomes. 相似文献
9.
Tatiane da Costa Barbé Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves Rosana Rodrigues Carlos Alberto Scapim 《Euphytica》2010,171(3):337-343
Genetics of resistance to ascochyta blight was studied using different generations of fifteen crosses of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Six parents comprising two susceptible varieties GL 769, C 214 and four resistant lines GG 1267, GL 90168, GL 96010
and GL 98010 were used to develop one S × S, eight S × R and six R × R crosses and some of the back crosses and F3 generations were developed. Field screening technique was used to evaluate the different generations for disease reaction
using mixture of ten prevalent isolates (ab1–ab10) of ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei). Inheritance study showed digenic recessive control of resistance in the cross GL 769 × C 214, whereas monogenic recessive
control of resistance was found in the crosses GL 769 × GL 98010 and C 214 × GL 98010. Digenic dominant and recessive control
of resistance was found in the crosses GL 769 × GG 1267 and C 214 × GG 1267 while the crosses GL 769 × GL 90168 and C 214 × GL
96010 showed the monogenic dominant control of resistance. Trigenic dominant and recessive control of resistance was observed
in the crosses GL 769 × GL 96010 and C 214 × GL 90168. Allelic relationship studies showed that three resistant parents viz.,
GG 1267, GL 96010 and GL 90168 possessed allelic single dominant gene for resistance. Besides, GG 1267 possessed two minor
recessive genes for resistance, one of them was allelic to the minor recessive gene possessed by GL 90168 and other with GL
96010. The resistant parents GL 90168 and GL 96010 possessed non-allelic minor gene for resistance. The resistant parent GL
98010 possessed two minor recessive genes for resistance which were allelic to respective single recessive gene for resistance
possessed by the susceptible parents GL 769 and C 214. The susceptible parents GL 769 and C 214 also possessed single independent
inhibitory dominant susceptibility gene. The inhibitory gene was epistatic to the corresponding recessive gene for resistance. 相似文献
10.
The spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus, is one of the most important pests of sorghum, and host plant resistance is an important component for the management of
this pest. Most of the sorghum hybrids currently under cultivation are based on cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS). In order
to develop a strategy for resistance to stem borer, we studied the traits associated with resistance, and their nature of
gene action in F1 hybrids derived from resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible CMS and restorer lines. The hybrids based on stem borer-resistant,
moderately resistant, or susceptible CMS and restorer lines were equally resistant or susceptible as the parents for leaf
feeding [Damage rating (DR) 5.8 to 6.6 vs. 5.9 to 6.6], and had significant and decreasing trend in deadheart formation (resistant
CMS × resistant restorer lines < moderately resistant CMS × moderately resistant restorer lines < susceptible CMS × susceptible
restorer lines), respectively. Proportional contributions of restorer lines were greater than those of the CMS lines for leaf
feeding, deadhearts, recovery and overall resistance, stalk length, nodes per plant, stem borer holes per plant, and peduncle
tunneling. The general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) estimates suggested that leaf feeding score, number of nodes,
overall resistance score, panicle initiation, recovery score, and stalk length (dominance type of gene action) have been found
to be associated with resistance to spotted stem borer, governed by additive type of gene action, their correlation and direct
effects in the same direction, and explained 65.3% of the variation in deadhearts, and thus could be used as marker traits
to select and breed for resistance to C. partellus in sorghum. The parents having significant SCA effects for two or more resistance traits for either or more parents have
also been discussed for their use in the stem borer resistance breeding. 相似文献
11.
To select superior seed parents for vegetable hybrid seed production, we conducted interspecific crosses between male sterile Brassica juncea (2n = 36, AABB) and eight inbred lines of Brassica rapa (2n = 20, AA). Alloplasmic lines of B. rapa with the cytoplasm of B. juncea were developed from B. juncea × B. rapa hybrids by repeated backcrossing using B. rapa as the recurrent male parent until the BC3 generation. Seed fertility, male sterility and chlorophyll content were investigated in these plants cultivated under four different temperature conditions (5, 10, 12 and 20°C). At 10°C, the alloplasmic lines of B. rapa with the cytoplasm of B. juncea were male sterile with partly chlorotic leaves. The alloplasmic B. rapa had lower chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents than those of the original B. rapa. The leaves recovered from chlorosis when the plants were cultivated at 20°C. An alloplasmic line of B. rapa (A6) is available as a seed parent for vegetable hybrid seed production and contributes seed fertility, slight chlorosis and stable male sterility. 相似文献
12.
For the transfer of valuable traits from wild species into the cultivated tomato, excised globular-stage embryos 13 and 15 days after pollination (DAP) were cultured in vitro. Plants were regenerated from interspecific crosses of Lycopersicon esculentum cv. ‘Early pink’×L. peruvianum PI270435, and backcrosses of L. esculentum‘Giban (JF) No. 1’× (‘Early pink’× PI270435). Somatic embryos and single cotyledons emerged on hypocotyl sections of the embryos. Five to nine plantlets per embryo were obtained by clonal propagation. The hybrid nature of the plants is confirmed by comparing hybrids and parents in their ability to regenerate shoots from leaf segments in vitro, by comparing plant morphology and characteristics and by chromosome number. This study describes an efficient ‘embryo rescue’ method, as well as somatic embryogenesis by clonal propagation. A novel and simple method for the characterization of the interspecific hybrids is also reported. 相似文献
13.
Krishna Datta Puri Sunder Man Shrestha Gopal Bahadur Khhatri Chhetri Krishna Dev Joshi 《Euphytica》2009,165(3):523-532
Rice blast (Magnaporthe
oryzae) is the most destructive and epidemic disease of rice. Use of host resistance is the best alternative for disease management.
The leaf and neck blast resistance of 182 rice breeding lines were assessed for leaf and neck blast and classified relative
to a susceptible check-Masuli and resistant check-Laxmi, from greenhouse experiment in 2005 and 2006. The test plants were
inoculated with 105 conidial suspension/ml of M. oryzae at 21 days old seedlings for the leaf blast, and at neck base for the neck blast. Among them, for leaf blast, 77 rice lines
were resistant, 43 were moderately resistant, 39 were moderately susceptible and 23 were susceptible. While among the selected
31 rice lines evaluated for neck blast, 4 lines were resistant, 4 were moderately resistant, 16 were moderately susceptible
and 7 were susceptible. Leaf and neck infection was significant and positively correlated (r = 0.30, P = 0.05). The rice lines, Barkhe 1032, Barkhe 1034, Barkhe 1035, Barkhe 1036, Barkhe 2014, Barkhe 2024, Barkhe 3019, Super
3004 were resistant to leaf blast and Barkhe 1006, Barkhe 1032, Barkhe 1035, Barkhe 3004 were resistant to neck blast. The
rice lines with identification # 11, 69, 137, 168, 182 from Masuli × MT4 parentage, and Barkhe 3017 were susceptible to both
leaf and neck blast. Progenies of Irradiated Pusa Basmati (IPB), Kalinga III/IR64 (KIII/IR64), and Masuli/IR64 were resistant
to both leaf and neck blast. However, most progenies from Masuli/MT4 showed susceptible reaction to both leaf and neck blast.
Thus, rice lines form the IPB, KIII/IR64 and Masuli/IR64 will be promising resistant sources for rice blast in breeding programme. 相似文献
14.
The wild tomato accession Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum ‘PI 134417’ is a promising source of resistance to arthropods
in tomato. It is self compatible and intercrosses easily with the cultivated species Lycopersicon esculentum. It is resistant
to several arthropods, including spider mites, and these resistances have been related to the presence of high contents of
2-tridecanone (2-TD) and other methyl ketones in the leaves. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution
of 2-TD concentration in the leaflets of Lycopersicon for resistance to the spider mites Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836)
and T. ludeni Zacher, 1913. Plants of two segregating generations (F2) were evaluated through the thumbtack bioassay (Weston & Snyder, 1990) in two different assays. Both experiments included
as checks L. esculentum ‘TSWV-547’ (mite susceptible), L. hirsutum f. glabratum ‘PI 134417’ (resistant) and the interspecific
hybrid F1 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417). In the first experiment, 10 genotypes selected from F2 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417), with contrasting 2-TD concentrations in the leaflets, were tested for resistance to T. urticae. In
a second experiment, seven genotypes of the F2 (TSWV-547 × BPX-318p1#230), also with contrasting 2-TD concentrations, were used to evaluate the resistance to T. ludeni.
BPX-318p1#230 is a single plant selected from the segregating population F2 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417) for its high 2-TD content. In both experiments, high negative correlations (r = − 0.88; − 0.91 and
− 0.93 in the first experiment, and r = − 0.78, − 0.99 and − 0.96 in the second experiment) were found between the 2-TD content
and average distance travelled by the spider mites after 60, 90 and 120 minutes, respectively. The level of resistance (repellency)
to spider mites T. urticae and T. ludeni in the genus Lycopersicon appears to be mediated by the 2-TD levels present in the
tomato leaflets. The similar results of both experiments showed that selection for high 2-TD content in leaflets can lead
to genetic improvement in the direction of increased levels of spider mite resistance in tomato.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Angular leaf spot (ALS), caused by the fungus Phaeoisariopsis griseola is an economically important and widely distributed disease of common bean. Due to the co-evolution of P. griseola with the large and small seeded bean gene pools, stacking Andean and Mesoamerican resistance genes is a strategy most likely
to provide lasting resistance to ALS disease. This strategy requires identification and characterization of effective Andean
and Mesoamerican resistance genes, and the development of molecular markers linked to these genes. This study was conducted
to elucidate the genetics of ALS resistance in the Andean accession G5686 using an F2 population derived from a G5686 × Sprite cross. Segregation analysis revealed that three dominant and complementary genes
conditioned resistance of G5686 to P. griseola pathotype 31-0. Three microsatellite markers, Pv-ag004, Pv-at007 and Pv-ctt001 segregated in coupling phase with the resistance
genes in G5686. Microsatellites Pv-ag004 and Pv-ctt001, located on opposite ends of linkage group B04 segregated with resistance
genes Phg
G5686A
, Phg
G5686B
at 0.0 and 17.1 cM, respectively, while marker Pv-at007, localized on linkage group B09 segregated with resistance gene Phg
G5686C
at 12.1 cM. Parental surveys showed that these markers were polymorphic in Andean and Mesoamerican backgrounds. The usefulness
of G5686 ALS resistance genes in managing the ALS disease, and the potential utility of identified molecular markers for marker
assisted breeding are discussed. 相似文献
16.
A. D. Munshi Bishwajit Panda Bikash Mandal I. S. Bisht E. S. Rao Ravinder Kumar 《Euphytica》2008,164(2):501-507
The genetics of resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii R. Alef, the wild progenitor of cultivated cucumber was assessed by challenge inoculation and by natural infection of CMV.
Among the 31 genotypes of C. sativus var. hardwickii collected from 21 locations in India the lowest mean percent disease intensity (PDI) was recorded in IC-277048 (6.33%) while
the highest PDI was observed in IC-331631 (75.33%). All the four cultivated varieties (DC-1, DC-2, CHC-1 and CHC-2) showed
very high PDI and susceptible disease reaction. Based on mean PDI, 8 genotypes were categorized as resistant, 13 as moderately
resistant, 9 as moderately susceptible and one as susceptible. A chi-square test of frequency distribution based on mean PDI
in F2 progenies of six resistant × susceptible crosses revealed monogenic recessive Mendelian ratio 1(R):3(S) to be the best fit.
This monogenic recessive model was further confirmed by 1(R):1(S) ratio as the best fit for back cross with resistant parent
and no fit for either 3:1 or 1:1 in the back cross with the susceptible parent. The results revealed that CMV resistance in
C. sativus var. hardwickii was controlled by a single recessive gene. Considering the cross compatibility between C. sativus var. hardwickii and cultivated cucumber, the resistance trait can be easily transferred to cultivated species through simple backcross breeding. 相似文献
17.
Genetic analysis of resistance of plant introduction (PI) 438489B to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) have shown that this PI is
highly resistant to many SCN HG types. However, validation of the previously detected quantitative trait loci (QTL) has not
been done. In this study, 250 F2:3 progeny of a Magellan (susceptible) × PI 438489B (resistant) cross were used for primary genetic mapping to detect putative
QTL for resistance to five SCN HG types. QTL confirmation study was subsequently conducted using F6:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the same cross. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism
(SNP) markers were employed for molecular genotyping. Interval mapping (IM), permutation tests, cofactor selection, and composite
interval mapping (CIM) were performed to identify and map QTL. Results showed that five QTL intervals were associated with
resistance to either multiple- or single-HG types of SCN. Among these, two major QTL for resistance to multiple-SCN HG types
were mapped to chromosomes (Chr.) 8 and 18, consistent with the known rhg1 and Rhg4 locations. The other QTL were mapped to Chr. 4. The results of our study confirmed earlier reported SCN resistance QTL in
this PI. Moreover, SSR and SNP molecular markers tightly linked to these QTL can be useful for the near-isogenic lines (NILs)
development aiming to fine-mapping of these QTL regions and map-based cloning of SCN resistance candidate genes. 相似文献
18.
Summary Resistance to septoria nodorum blotch in Triticum monococcum, T. tauschii, T. timopheevii, T. dicoccum and T. durum was evaluated on plants at the three-leaf stage in greenhouse tests. A high frequency of resistant genotypes was found in T. monococcum, T. tauschii and T. timopheevii, but not in T. dicoccum and T. durum. The resistance of F1 plants of crosses of resistant T. monococcum (PI 289599) and T. timopheevii (PI 290518) accessions with susceptible common wheat cv. Park and durum wheat cv. Wakooma, respectively, was evaluated on the basis of percentage leaf necrosis, lesion number, lesion size and incubation period. No dominance was found for long incubation period, but various dominance relationships occurred for low percentage leaf necrosis, low lesion number and small lesion size, depending on the cross. Multiple regression analysis showed that lesion number contributed more to percentage leaf necrosis than lesion size or incubation period. Resistance to septoria nodorum blotch was transferred successfully from T. timopheevii to cultivated durum wheat. Resistant BC1F7 lines, recovered from the T. timopheevii (PI 290518) × Wakooma cross, showed normal chromosome behaviour at meiosis (14 bivalents) and were self-fertile. However, an effective level of resistance was not recovered in lines derived from the other interspecific crosses. 相似文献
19.
Ginette Séguin‐Swartz Jacqueline A. Nettleton Connie Sauder Suzanne I. Warwick Richard K. Gugel 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(4):390-396
The potential for gene flow between Camelina sativa, a promising edible and industrial oil crop in Canada, and its wild North American relatives C. alyssum, C. microcarpa and C. rumelica subsp. rumelica, was investigated. Sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) was used to differentiate Camelina species and/or accession‐specific nucleotide markers and identify interspecific F1 hybrids. ITS analysis identified hybrids in progeny of C. alyssum × C. sativa, C. microcarpa accession 36010 × C. sativa and C. sativa × C. rumelica subsp. rumelica. Seed set on C. alyssum × C. sativa F1 and F2 progeny was similar to the parents; few seeds were produced on hybrid progeny of C. microcarpa accession 36010 × C. sativa and C. sativa × C. rumelica subsp. rumelica. The study provided evidence that should the species have sympatric distributions and overlapping flowering periods, gene flow between C. sativa and its wild North American relatives is possible and that it would most likely occur with C. alyssum given the high fertility of the F1 hybrids recovered. 相似文献
20.
Interspecific hybrids and backcross generations between the wild perennial species Helianthus resinosus, Helianthus paucifiorus, Helianthus laevigatus, Helianthus nuttallii ssp. nuttallii T. & G. and Helianthus giganteus, resistant to broomrape (Orobanche cernua) and susceptible inbred lines were obtained to study crossability to cultivated sunflower and the transmission and expression of resistance to this parasitic weed. Conventional crosses with all the species tested were successful except for the crosses with diploid H. giganteus, for which embryo rescue techniques were needed to overcome hybrid incompatibility. Pollen viability and seed set were highest for F1 hybrids with hexaploid species and lowest for those with the diploid H. giganteus. We evaluated F1, BC1F1, some BC2F1 plants and the wild and cultivated parents. The wild species and interspecific hybrids were resistant to broomrape infection except for H. nuttallii, which showed segregation, indicating that the resistance is dominant. The crossability and resistance of F1, and back-cross generations of species with different ploidy levels indicate that the transfer of broomrape resistance to cultivated sunflower is feasible. 相似文献