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胡萝卜中类胡萝卜素积累与主要合成基因转录水平相关性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以胡萝卜白色野生资源‘松滋野生’和欧洲橘色栽培品种‘Amsterdam’及其回交重组自交系（BILs）中的5个不同根色株系为试材,研究其根和叶中α–胡萝卜素、β–胡萝卜素合成途径分支点上LCYE、LCYB1、CHXE、CHXB1基因转录表达与类胡萝卜素含量之间的关系。cDNA测序结果表明,松滋野生和Amsterdam之间存在多个SNP变异位点。类胡萝卜素测定发现,Amsterdam叶中α–胡萝卜素含量（87.3 μg ? g-1）显著高于松滋野生（2.8 μg ? g-1）,而其β–胡萝卜素含量（122.7 μg ? g-1）显著低于松滋野生（237.9 μg ? g-1）。qRT-PCR结果显示,LCYE、LCYB1、CHXE和CHXB1在不同材料的根和叶中均表达,其中LCYE与根中α–胡萝卜素、β–胡萝卜素及总类胡萝卜素含量之间呈显著正相关;与叶中叶黄素和总类胡萝卜素含量之间呈显著负相关,说明LCYE对类胡萝卜素积累起着关键性作用。 相似文献
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以白色的野生胡萝卜‘松滋野生’(Ws)和橘色的栽培胡萝卜品种‘Amsterdam’(Af)为亲本构建的回交重组自交系(BIL)为试材,基于低倍重测序技术开发SNP标记,构建了由1 976个Bin标记组成,包含29 435个SNP标记的遗传图谱。图谱总距离834.28 c M,平均图距0.42 c M。通过对胡萝卜肉质根中类胡萝卜素含量相关QTL分析,在连锁群LG04和LG08中检测到调控α–胡萝卜素、β–胡萝卜素、ζ–胡萝卜素、叶黄素、玉米黄质和总类胡萝卜素含量的主效QTL(M-QTL)2、2、3、2、2和2个,表型贡献率为11.47%~19.18%;另检测到调控α–胡萝卜素、β–胡萝卜素、ζ–胡萝卜素、玉米黄质和总类胡萝卜素含量的上位性QTL(E-QTL)1、1、2、1和1个,表型贡献率为2.50%~3.66%。在M-QTL显著区间内共检索到36个有功能注释的预测基因,其中Dck018297为ζ–胡萝卜素脱氢酶2基因,与调控β–胡萝卜素合成和总类胡萝卜素含量有关;Dck008006为乙烯响应因子2.2的同源基因,与调控α–胡萝卜素、ζ–胡萝卜素合成有关;Dck029898为转录因子b HLH135的同源基因,与调控玉米黄质合成有关。 相似文献
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以9种不同类型彩叶植物为试材,分析比较了不同植物叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜紊和花青素含量及其比值的季节性变化规律,研究了彩叶植物叶片呈色的原因.结果表明:不同类型彩叶植物色素含量中叶绿素类含量以李树(对照)最高；类胡萝卜素的含量为金山绣线菊最高；花青素的含量为紫叶李最高.季节方面,叶绿素含量随着季节的变化为夏季最高,秋季最低；类胡萝卜素和花青素含量随季节变化趋势不稳定.色素比中,叶绿素/类胡萝卜紊、叶绿素/花青素的比值为夏季最高,秋季最低；类胡萝卜紊/花青素的比值为绿色植物秋季最高,春季最低；双色叶植物春季最高,夏季最低,其它彩色植物春季最高,秋季最低. 相似文献
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枇杷品种类胡萝卜素和水解氨基酸研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文分析了51个品种类型枇杷的类胡萝卜素含量和组成的百分数含量。品种间含量差异较大,‘软条白砂’最低(299.4μg/100g),‘山里本’最高(4391.2μg/100g),两者相差达13.6倍。枇杷类胡萝卜素的主要组成是β-胡萝卜素,隐黄质、叶黄质和玉米黄质,试验品种其组分虽不尽相同,但上述4种类胡萝卜素占绝大部分,其中又以β-胡萝卜素为主。根据类胡萝卜素的含量结合其组分,将枇杷品种划分为3大类群。此外,还分析了3大类群中典型品种的蛋白质和17种水解氨基酸。 相似文献
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类胡萝卜素是一类重要显色化合物,在花色形成中起重要作用,是赋予植物呈现黄色到红色的物质基础之一,其中α–胡萝卜素（α-carotene）、β–胡萝卜素（β-carotene）以及叶黄素类（Xanthophylls）等呈黄色,番茄红素（Lycopene）、虾青素（Astaxanthin）和辣椒红素（Capsanthin）等呈红色。近年来观赏植物花色相关类胡萝卜素的研究较多,本文就类胡萝卜素对花色呈现的影响,类胡萝卜素生物合成与降解途径及相关基因功能,类胡萝卜素代谢转录、表观遗传等分子调控3个方面来概述有关观赏植物类胡萝卜素组成及代谢调控的最新研究进展,为进一步研究植物花色提供参考。 相似文献
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番茄红素ε–环化酶(lycopene epsilon cyclase,LCYE)是类胡萝卜素合成途径中的关键酶。从‘津南实芹’中克隆获得番茄红素ε–环化酶基因AgLCYE。序列分析结果显示,AgLCYE包含1个1 590bp的开放阅读框,编码529个氨基酸。氨基酸序列多重比对表明,芹菜和其他物种的LCYE同源性为77.68%,AgLCYE和同属伞形科的胡萝卜LCYE氨基酸序列同源性高达98.07%。AgLCYE蛋白与胡萝卜LCYE蛋白进化关系最近。AgLCYE蛋白属于亲水性蛋白,预测的蛋白质三级结构中有9个α螺旋和18个β折叠。无序化分析结果表明,AgLCYE编码的氨基酸序列有4个无序化区域。用UPLC方法对30、45和60 d龄芹菜叶中叶黄素和α–胡萝卜素的含量进行测定,30 d时叶黄素含量最高,45 d时最低,45和60 d时无显著性差异,叶片中的叶黄素含量均高于叶柄。芹菜叶片和叶柄中均没有检测到α–胡萝卜素的存在。荧光定量表达分析结果显示,随着生长期的增加,叶片中AgLCYE的相对表达量逐渐升高;叶柄中逐渐降低。 相似文献
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日本大学渡边等通过柱层析和薄层层析等分析手段,研究了红、橙、黄三种不同果肉色西瓜品种的类胡萝卜素的种类和含量不同。试验用红果肉西瓜品种为“旭大和”,类胡萝卜素的主要成分是番茄红素,含量为35—50μg/g,并含有少量的叶黄素,微量的六氢番茄红素。β胡萝卜素、α胡 相似文献
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番茄红素ε–环化酶（lycopene epsilon cyclase,LCYE）是类胡萝卜素合成途径中的关键酶。从‘津南实芹’中克隆获得番茄红素ε–环化酶基因AgLCYE。序列分析结果显示,AgLCYE包含1个1 590 bp的开放阅读框,编码529个氨基酸。氨基酸序列多重比对表明,芹菜和其他物种的LCYE同源性为77.68%,AgLCYE和同属伞形科的胡萝卜LCYE氨基酸序列同源性高达98.07%。AgLCYE蛋白与胡萝卜LCYE蛋白进化关系最近。AgLCYE蛋白属于亲水性蛋白,预测的蛋白质三级结构中有9个α螺旋和18个β折叠。无序化分析结果表明,AgLCYE编码的氨基酸序列有4个无序化区域。用UPLC方法对30、45和60 d龄芹菜叶中叶黄素和α–胡萝卜素的含量进行测定,30 d时叶黄素含量最高,45 d时最低,45和60 d时无显著性差异,叶片中的叶黄素含量均高于叶柄。芹菜叶片和叶柄中均没有检测到α–胡萝卜素的存在。荧光定量表达分析结果显示,随着生长期的增加,叶片中AgLCYE的相对表达量逐渐升高;叶柄中逐渐降低。 相似文献
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以童期不同的海棠（Malus sp.）植株为试材,使用酶联免疫法（ELISA）测定花芽分化期间
短枝顶芽、幼叶、细根中内源激素含量的变化,以探讨内源激素对花芽分化的影响,为缩短果树童期、
开发利用早实海棠资源奠定基础。结果显示,早实植株与成熟嫁接植株的内源激素含量变化趋势相似。
花芽分化的前期阶段,芽和根中IAA 含量均逐渐减少,到9 月初开始上升,成熟植株含量整体低于未成
熟植株;成熟植株叶中内源IAA 含量高于未成熟植株。芽中GAs 先上升后下降再上升,成熟植株8 月份
达到最低,而未成熟植株9 月份处于最低水平;叶中GAs 含量在成熟植株均保持较低水平;根中GAs 变
化与芽相反。内源ZR 含量在不同器官均有大幅增加,成熟植株均高于未成熟植株,实生早实植株中的变
化幅度最大。成熟植株芽中ABA 含量在160 ~ 170 ng · g-1FW 上下波动,未成熟植株始终低于160
ng · g-1FW;叶和根中的ABA 含量变化趋势一致,即先升高后逐渐下降,9 月之后回升。成熟植株较未成
熟植株在芽与叶中均表现为高比值的ABA/GAs 与ZR/GAs,而根中与此相反。 相似文献
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枣树不同品种、发育时期和器官的cAMP和cGMP含量研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以26个枣优良品种为试材, 采集白熟、脆熟和完熟期的叶片、吊梗和果实的果皮、果肉4个器官的样品, 采用HPLC法测定分析了cAMP和cGMP的含量。结果表明: ①不同器官的cAMPcGMP含量均以果皮中最高, 果肉、叶片其次, 吊梗中最低; ②不同发育时期的cAMP和cGMP含量均以完熟期最高, 白熟期最低; ③不同品种的cAMP和cGMP含量存在极显著差异, 如南京鸭枣的cAMP含量( 553 155 μg·g- 1 ) 约为灌阳长枣(461 65μg·g- 1 ) 的12倍, 彬县晋枣cGMP含量(201 115 μg·g- 1 ) 约为山东梨枣(8186μg·g- 1 ) 的23倍; ④相同材料中, cAMP的含量多高于cGMP含量, 且在不同器官和发育期间的变化规律相似。 相似文献
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SummaryFlower-induction is the event that initiates the transition of a vegetative apex into a floral apex in response to an environmental or developmental cue. Under flower-inducing conditions, biochemical or physiological changes can be recognised. One possible change that could occur is in sugar content. In this study, levels of non-structural carbohydrates (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch) were measured in shoot tips, leaves and roots of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa cv. ‘Kordestan’) under flower bud-inducing conditions, and compared with non-induced plants. Runner plants were potted and grown for 4 weeks under non-inducing conditions (31º/25°C day/night; 16 h daylength). Half of the plants were then put under flower-inducing conditions (25°/15°C day/night; 8 h daylength) for 3 weeks. Samples for carbohydrate analysis were taken from induced and non-induced plants every 3 d over 3 weeks, and sucrose, glucose and fructose contents were determined by HPLC, and starch concentrations by the anthrone method. The most abundant soluble sugar, in all organs tested, was sucrose. Sucrose levels in shoot tips and leaves decreased at the beginning of the induction treatment, but soon increased to the levels recorded in non-induced plants. Fructose increased markedly in shoot tips of induced plants 3 d after the start of the short-day treatment, and declined thereafter. Starch contents in shoot tips, leaves and roots of non-induced strawberry plants were higher than those in induced plants on most sampling dates. From the results of this study, it appears that soluble carbohydrate contents in different organs of June-bearing strawberry may have a decisive role on flower-bud induction. 相似文献
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Sukhada Mohandas 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):514-518
SummaryPapaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Coorg Honey Dew is one of the most popular cultivars grown in Southern India, but it requires high doses of inorganic phosphorus (P) fertilisation for growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to improve plant growth and nutrient uptake, especially the uptake of P and micronutrients. As papaya plants respond well to high levels of P, inoculation with AMF was studied to see if AMF could fulfill the requirement for P in plants grown under field conditions. Papaya seedlings (n = 36 per AMF) were colonised separately, in polybags, for 45 d by two species of AMF, Glomus mosseae and G. fasciculatum. Seedlings were then transplanted to the field, with uninoculated seedlings as controls, in a replicated randomised block design. Three levels of P were applied [50, 75, or 100% of the recommended dose (240 g plant–1 year–1) of P fertiliser, as super-phosphate]. Plants were studied for root colonisation by AMF, for growth parameters, and for leaf nutrient contents (especially, P, Zn, and Cu). Acidic and alkaline phosphatase activities in the roots of AMF-colonised plants were recorded as these enzymes are involved in the mobilisation of P. The yields of plants up to 18 months-old, and fruit quality, measured by total soluble solids contents (TSSC) and β-carotene contents, were recorded. AMF-inoculated plants performed better than uninoculated control plants at all levels of P applied. G. mosseae was more effective at improving plant growth, fruit yield, and P and Zn contents than G. fasciculatum at the 75% and 50% P-levels. Cu contents increased at all P-levels in G. fasciculatum-colonised plants. Total soluble solids contents showed marginal improvements at the 75% P level with both fungi. β-carotene contents increased significantly in G. mosseae-colonised plants at the 50% and 75% P-levels, and in G. fasciculatum-colonised plants at the 75% P-level. The feasibility of applying on-farm produced AMF inoculum to improve papaya cultivation and to save 25% of the P applied during papaya cultivation is discussed. 相似文献
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Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) were measured in leaves of twelve plant species from seven different locations in Shanghai, China. Unwashed and washed new and old leaves were considered, and the correlations among the heavy metal concentrations in soils and in plant leaves and deposited by the atmosphere were analyzed. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the stomatal density and structure of the leaves.The background site (Chenshan Botanical Garden) had lower mean metal concentrations than the other sites. The highest Cu contents were found in Nerium indicum and Platanus acerifolia, the highest Zn content was found in Pittosporum tobira, and the highest Pb and Cd contents were found in Cedrus deodara. The lowest heavy metal contents were found in Ginkgo biloba, potentially because Platanus acerifolia and Pittosporum tobira leaves have higher densities of stomata than on Ginkgo biloba leaves (according to SEM results). However, Magnolia grandiflora had the highest metal accumulation index (MAI) (4.27), and Cedrus deodara had the lowest MAI (1.53). When comparing the heavy metal contents in the washed leaf samples with the unwashed leaf samples, Nerium indicum captured more rare-earth elements (determined using the capture rate (CR)), including Cu (92.7%) and Zn (36.9%). Magnolia grandiflora had higher CR values for Pb (63.4%) and Cd (49.1%), and Cedrus deodara had lower CR values for Cu (0), Zn (8.90%), Pb (5.93%) and Cd (2.97%). In addition, the Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in plant needles potentially originate from the soil, and the Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the leaves of broad-leaved plants potentially originate from bulk atmospheric deposition. This hypothesis is supported by the relationship between the heavy metal concentrations in the soils and the washed new and old leaves. In addition, the concentration factor (CF) of heavy metals supported this model. 相似文献
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Plantago major L. (common plantain) has been used in folk medicine all over the world, mainly for the healing of wounds. This species already has a high market demand in Asia, and attempts to domesticate P. major as a medicinal crop in horticulture are emerging also in Europe. Both polysaccharides and polyphenols have been proposed to have bioactive effects. In this study, major phenols were analysed in leaves, flower stalks and seeds of P. major plants from five homogenous offspring families, as verified by DNA-marker analysis. Furthermore, leaves were harvested and dried at different temperatures. The contents of plantamajoside, verbascoside and a hitherto unidentified compound, P1, differed greatly between plant organs. Degradation of leaf polyphenols increased with an increase in drying temperature, and consequently, freeze-drying resulted in the highest content of phenols. Thus it is important to select plant material of a suitable organ or combination of organs, and to use the lowest possible drying temperature to obtain a high content of a specific phenolic compound in P. major. 相似文献
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两种果树叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量相关性分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为探究杏、枣树叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量的相关性,采用SPAD-502叶绿素计与分光光度法分别测定"金太阳"杏与"灵武"长枣叶片的SPAD值、叶绿素含量,分析其相关性,建立拟合方程,并进行检验。结果表明:"金太阳"杏、"灵武"长枣的叶片SPAD值与叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量间的相关性极显著;"金太阳"杏叶片总叶绿素含量与SPAD值的回归方程为:y=0.0576SPAD-0.4648(R2=0.849**),"灵武"长枣叶片总叶绿素含量与SPAD值的回归方程为y=0.0859SPAD-0.7461(R2=0.8923**)。"金太阳"杏与"灵武"长枣叶片叶绿素含量的实测值与回归方程预测值间均无显著差异。采用回归方程,通过SPAD值可以预测"金太阳"、"灵武"长枣叶片的叶绿素含量。 相似文献