In India, Kappaphycus alvarezii is the only alga being cultivated commercially for kappa carrageenan production and also being utilized for the socioeconomic upliftment of coastal rural population in India in the form of their cultivation and marketing. The production has been substantially increased from 21 dry tonnes to 1490 dry tonnes with increasing market purchase value from US$ 0.061 to 0.469 kg dry wt?1 during 2001–2013. In India, annual import for carrageenan is 1800–2000 M tons year?1 and its demand is reported to be increased by 5–6% every year (Mantri et al. 2017). To date, Aquagri Pvt Ltd is the only company in India producing kappa carrageenan from cultivated Kappaphycus alvarezii (Mantri et al. 2017). However, few other marine phycocolloid processing factories are producing kappa carrageenan from Hypnea musciformis and Hypnea valentiae at cottage level. The total annual production of carrageenan in India ranges between 100 and 132 tons. There is tremendous demand for other carrageenan such as iota and lambda carrageenan in food, beverage, and consumer product manufacturing industries. In order to ascertain suitability of unexplored other indigenous carrageenophytes for commercial cultivation in India, several red algal species such as Agardhiella subulata, Ahnfeltiopsis pygmaea, Laurencia caraibica, and Solieria robusta were collected from wild habitats in Kanyakumari (N 08°08′10.36″; E 077°34′28.06″) Tamil Nadu, India, and were evaluated for their mariculture potential and the presence of carrageenan. Preliminary cultivation experiments were carried out by raft culture method (1?×?1 m) for 45 days at two harvest cycles at Thonithurai (N 09°16′53.45″; E 079°11′19.22″), Tamil Nadu, South eastern coast of India. Except Ahnfeltiopsis pygmaea, all other seaweeds investigated showed daily growth rate (DGR) in the range of 1.59 to 3.822% and confirmed its mariculture potential. Phycocolloid was extracted with yield 4.5 to 29.37% from dry seaweed residues obtained after extraction of lipids using both water and aqueous alkali [5% Ca (OH)2 solution]. Water was found the better solvent in terms of higher yield of the Phycocolloid (29.37%) from Solieria robusta. FT-IR of the extracted phycocolloid indicated presence of characteristic bands for carrageenan in all the samples. However, from the band positions, the presence of iota carrageenan was ascertained in the Agardhiella subulata and Solieria robusta and hybrid iota/kappa carrageenan is expected to be present in Laurencia caraibica and Ahnfeltiopsis pygmaea.
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1.
响应曲面法优化麒麟菜卡拉胶碱处理工艺 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用响应曲面法研究了碱液质量浓度、浸泡时间和浸泡温度对麒麟菜（Eucheuma）卡拉胶的凝胶强度和产率的影响。在单因素试验基础上采用Box—Benhnken中心组合试验,以碱液质量浓度、浸泡时间和浸泡温度为影响因素,以凝胶强度和产率为响应值建立二次回归方程,通过响应面分析得到优化组合。结果显示,碱处理优化工艺参数为碱液质量浓度250g·L-1、浸泡时间3．5d和浸泡温度25℃,在此条件下提取的麒麟菜卡拉胶凝胶强度为721g·cm-2（质量浓度10g·L-1）,产率为35．17％。 相似文献
2.
凝胶强度是衡量卡拉胶质量的一个重要指标。碱处理能够提高很多藻类所含胶的凝胶强度,如碱处理能够提高江蓠属海藻所含琼胶的凝胶强度,碱处理还能够提高麒麟菜、沙菜等藻类所含卡拉胶的凝胶强度。由于藻类的种类、生长地点、采集季节的不同,碱处理 相似文献
3.
麒麟菜属红藻门、真红藻纲、杉藻目、红翎菜科、麒麟菜属,是经济价值较高的一种大型海藻。在我国养殖麒麟菜主要有3个品种：长心麒麟菜、琼枝麒麟菜和珍珠麒麟菜。目前,福建莆田地区引进的品种是长心麒麟菜,它原产于印度尼西亚、菲律宾,具有生长快、产量高、含胶量高等特点。麒麟菜体内含有大量的卡拉胶、多糖及粘液质,而卡拉胶是红藻细胞壁中的半乳糖硫酸酯聚合物,主要由麒麟菜和角叉藻提取,且卡拉胶主要用于食品工业,制造软糖和罐头,也可直接食用,所以需求量特别大,仅泉州市每年需要数亿元的卡拉胶。我国每年从东南亚国家进口大量的麒麟菜干品,用于加工卡拉胶。鉴于莆田市龙须菜浅海 相似文献
4.
光照强度对琼枝麒麟菜生长及色素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了进一步提高琼枝麒麟菜的养殖产量,研究探讨了不同光照强度对琼枝麒麟菜生长及其色素含量的影响.琼枝麒麟菜对光照强度适应范围比较广,在光照强度500～11 000 lx均可生长.当光照强度在2 000～3 000 lx时,琼枝麒麟菜的日生长率为1.5％,叶绿素浓度95.5 μg/g,为最大.随着光照强度的增加,藻蓝蛋白(PC),别藻蓝蛋白(APC)和藻红蛋白(PE)的浓度分别下降;琼枝麒麟菜表面颜色也会逐渐发生改变,由棕红色变成黄绿色.光照强度对琼枝麒麟菜生长率和色素含量有很大的影响. 相似文献
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麒麟菜多糖的研究——Ⅰ.琼枝多糖的性质及其红外光谱 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
琼枝多糖是琼枝(Eucheuma gclatinae)分离得到的一种硫酸酯化半乳聚糖。构成这种多糖的单糖主要是 D-半乳糖和3,6-脱水-D-半乳糖。分子量为 1.99×10~5,比旋光度为正值。大多数碱金属阳离子和碱土金属阳离子能使此多糖的胶凝能力提高。用碱或石灰处理时,琼枝多糖便部分脱去硫酸酿基团,3,6-脱水-D-半乳糖的含量增加。红外光谱分析证明,琼枝多糖在1240cm~(-1) 、930cm~(-1)和845cm~(-1)有吸收峰。用氯化钾分级时,琼枝多糖可分为溶于氯化钾溶液和不溶于氯化钾溶液两个级分;前者的红外光谱除了同后者一样在 1240cm~(-1),930cm~(-1)和845cm~(-1)有吸收峰外,在 820cm~(-1)处还有吸收峰。根据琼枝多糖的组成,性质和红外光谱,可以推断,溶于氯化钾溶液的级分是类 mu-卡拉胶;不溶于氯化钾溶液的级分是类 kappa—卡拉胶。 相似文献
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<正>长心麒麟菜(Eucheuma alvarezii Doty)属红藻门、真红藻纲、杉藻目红翎菜科、麒麟菜属。是经济价值较高的一种大型海藻。在我国养殖麒麟菜主要有三个品种:长心麒麟菜、琼枝麒麟菜、珍珠麒麟菜。目前莆田地区引进的品种是长心麒麟菜,它原产于印度尼西亚、菲律宾,具有生长快、产量高、含胶量高等特点。然而长心麒麟菜在福建的养殖还有一个重要的瓶颈,就是苗 相似文献
8.
本文主要研究了NP粉对卡拉胶凝胶强度的增效作用和粘度的影响,以及如何制备高强度卡拉胶的方法。试验中以角叉菜卡拉胶,异枝麒麟菜卡拉胶和沙菜卡拉胶为试验材料,采用国内资源丰富、价格便宜、无毒的天然食品原料——NP粉经精制后作为增效剂。研究结果表明、NP粉是卡拉胶(主要是K—卡拉胶)凝胶强度的理想增效剂;其增效作用优于国外目前普遍采用的角豆胶。 相似文献
9.
菲律宾耳突麒麟菜卡拉胶的提取工艺探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一、前言卡拉胶(Carrageenan)又称角叉菜胶(Irishmoss)、鹿角藻胶(Chondrus cripus),是从某些红藻(角叉菜属、杉藻属、麒麟菜属等)提取的一种极有经济价值的多糖。由于它具有类似于琼胶的物理化学性质而被广泛应用于食品、纺织、化妆、建筑和医药等工业。目前,已知含有卡拉胶的海藻种类多达上百种,其卡拉胶的产率和理化性质除因海藻的种类、产地、采收季节不同而异外,生产方法也有较大的影响。一些学者为提高凝胶强度,改进产品质量,进行了不少关于“碱改性”的研究。如中山静一等采用添 相似文献
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江蓠琼胶的研究Ⅰ.琼胶的提取与处理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
琼胶(Agar),又称琼脂、冻粉,是由某些红藻(石花菜、江蓠、伊谷草等)加水煮沸提取出的一种极有经济价值的多糖。它在80℃以上时形成溶胶,而在30—40℃时则转变成凝胶。琼胶分子主要是由D-半乳糖和3,6-内醚-L-半乳糖交替地通过C1,3和C1,4相结合成的长链;另外尚含有一定量的SO_4、Ca、糖醛酸等。琼胶由于具有特殊的物理化学性质,因而在食品工业、医药卫生以及其他科学研究方面有广泛的用途。解放前,我国的琼胶产量非常少,国内消耗大量依靠进口;解放后,琼胶工业得到了较迅速的发展。我国琼胶工业一向是用石花菜作原料,当前石花菜还是完全依靠天然生长的,产量比较有限,加之藻体生 相似文献
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14.
Yue Zhang 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(5):553-565
The gelatin yield and gel strength of gelatin extracted from the skins of smoked salmon were determined. The skins had a crude protein content of 43.5 ± 1.2% and an estimated collagen content of 23.6 ± 1.0%. Following an alkali extraction process under varying extraction conditions, the protein content varied from 2.78% to 32.1%, and the gelatin yield ranged from 2.23% to 22.4% of the initial skin weight. The gelatin purity (gelatin/protein) ranged from 55.4% to 100%, with the highest Hyp/protein sample arbitrarily designated as being 100% pure, i.e., an assumption of pure gelatin. Statistical analysis showed that HCl concentration, pretreatment temperature, and extraction temperature significantly affected the protein yield and gelatin yield. The wide range of gel strengths indicates that the gelatin might have been hydrolyzed to different extents during the different extraction and cooling processes. Statistical analysis did not show that any of the factors studied affected the gel strength. However, the data indicated that low NaOH concentrations and HCl concentrations might not prevent hydrolysis during the extraction process. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) showed that the gelatins contained α- and β-chains and that the gelatins composed of higher concentrations of larger molecular weight polypeptide chains had higher gel strengths. 相似文献
15.
以日本笼目海带为原料进行笼目海带风味果冻加工工艺探究。通过单因素及正交试验确定海带汁的最佳脱腥工艺和复配胶比。研究结果表明,最优脱腥工艺为:绿茶添加量0.15%,脱腥时间25 min,温度90℃;最佳复配胶比例为:卡拉胶∶魔芋胶∶琼脂=10∶2∶1。采用正交试验获得笼目海带风味果冻加工优化工艺为:以20%笼目海带汁为底物,复配胶添加量1.3%(卡拉胶、魔芋胶、琼脂),KCl 0.06%,白砂糖3.0%,浓缩果汁(苹果、橘子)添加量10.0%,pH 4.0。制作的笼目海带果冻色泽均匀,酸甜适中,风味独特,符合国家果冻食品卫生要求(GB 19299-2015)。 相似文献
16.
Cultivation of the macroalga Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux was conducted from April 1987 to January 1988 at Praia do Forte (State of Bahia, Brazil), utilizing floating racks, Biomass, reproductive state, carrageenan yield and viscosity of algae artificially grown in situ were compared with those from natural populations. Temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, organic and inorganic suspended matter and phosphate in surface waters were similar in all experimental phases. Algae growing on the racks exhibited significantly higher daily biomass increase (0·94-9·69g/m2day dw) than plants from natural reefs (1·39-1·74g/m2/day dw). Cultivated algae presented a dominance of tetrasporic stages, while algae from the reefs had a high occurrence of vegetative stages. Both cultivated and natural plants showed higher numbers of cystocarpic specimens during the summer. Carrageenan yield of cultivated plants was significantly higher than those growing under natural conditions only during summer-time experiments, presenting values of 3972% and 38-28% for experiments and a range of 22·7-34·88% for the reef plants. However, carrageenan viscosity of cultivated algae was always higher (40·33 ± 4·62 centipoise) and less variable than that found for the reef growing algae (35·71 ± 19·92 centipoise). 相似文献
17.
Onouma Kaewdang Thummanoon Prodpran Thammarat Kaewmanee Hideki Kishimura 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(8):1190-1201
ABSTRACTGelatins extracted from the swim bladder of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores) using various alkaline pretreatments were characterized. Alkaline mixtures (Na2CO3:NaOH) at different ratios (9:1, 8:2, 7:3, and 6:4) with a concentration of 4% (w/v) were used. The corresponding gelatins termed “G1,” “G2,” “G3,” and “G4” had yields of 9.78, 14.91, 35.96, and 13.60% (dry weight basis), respectively. All gelatins had α-chains as the major components. Fourier transform infrared spectra of obtained gelatins revealed the significant loss of molecular order of the triple-helix. G3 having the highest imino acid content and exhibited the highest gel strength (p < 0.05), compared with others. The microstructure of G3 gel was finer with smaller voids, compared with others. With increasing proportion of NaOH, the L*-value of gelatin gel increased with coincidental decrease in ΔE*-value. Gelling and melting temperatures of swim bladder gelatin were 12.3–15.1 and 21.3–22.3°C, respectively. 相似文献
18.
Veeragurunathan V. Prasad Kamalesh Alphons Sequeira Rosy Meena Ramavatar Gajanan Kavale Monica Grace P. Gwen 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(4):2001-2015
19.
17β—雌二醇对雄性金鱼卵黄原蛋白的诱导作用 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
采用腹腔注射17β-雌二醇的方法诱导雄性金鱼卵黄原蛋白产生,注射浓度为0.05mg·g-1BW,诱导2周后取尾静脉血,离心分离血浆,进行血浆常规聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,通过对卵黄原蛋白特性基团磷、脂和糖蛋白的染色,确定了卵黄原蛋白在电泳图谱上的位置,开发了一种简便、高效的定性卵黄原蛋白的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法。电泳结果表明,在0.05mg·g-1BW的注射浓度下,2周后17β-雌二醇诱导了雄性金鱼卵黄原蛋白产生,并通过ELISA检测卵黄原蛋白的平均含量为690.2ng·mL-1,与对照组雄性金鱼平均含量为10.7ng·mL-1的差异极显著(P<0.01),比雌性对照组检出量285.5ng·mL-1高1倍多;17β-雌二醇诱导组雄鱼血浆钙离子和血总蛋白含量明显增加。 相似文献
20.
Nazlı Savlak Özlem Çağındı Gizem Erk Birsen Öktem Ergün Köse 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(6):592-602
ABSTRACT Seabream fish bone powder was produced using different chemical methods and tap water. The effect of different chemical procedures (sodium hydroxide (NaOH); NaOH + citric acid; NaOH + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); NaOH + ethanol (EtOH); and NaOH + hydrogen chloride (HCl)) and tap water on proximate composition, yield, mineral composition, color, and sensorial odor was investigated. Despite its high bone powder yield (59.39%), tap water treatment was not an efficient method due to low calcium (Ca2+, 232.13 g/kg) and phosphorus (P, 111.63 g/kg) concentration and heavy fish odor. Sensorial odor analysis of seabream fish bone powder showed that tap water received the lowest scores (1.71/5), while chemically treated samples received sensorial odor scores higher than 4.00, with an average of 4.61, indicating that they had a very slight odor. The best fish bone powder yield was obtained using NaOH treatment (21.46%), where Ca2+ (276.73 g/kg) and P (147.23 g/kg) content was also high. The utilization of chemicals in combination with NaOH did not increase the sensorial odor score of seabream fish powders but resulted in a decrease in powder yield. Moreover, the mineral composition of all chemical processing techniques was comparable. Processing by-products of seabream fillet production with 8% NaOH will contribute to daily Ca2+ and P intake of individuals. 相似文献
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