共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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赵体顺 《中南林业调查规划》1988,(3)
目前我国对农田林网的研究多集中在防护效益和粮食产量方面,对农田林网中林木的物质生产、积累与分配以及光能利用等则研究较少。揭示农田林网生态系统中林木的物质生产、积累、分配、循环的规律有助于挖掘土地生产潜力,提高光能利用率,进一步提高农田林网生态系统的生产力。杨树是华北平原农田林网的主要树种,所以我们对杨树生物量进行了初步研究。 相似文献
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筏子溪位于我国台湾地区台中市区城市与乡镇结合的位置,有大面积的农田,常年多风害,农业生产环境不稳定。通过对农田林网的研究梳理及案例研究,归纳出林网的布局、林带的构成、树种的选择和作物的种植方式4个构建农田林网的要素。对筏子溪流域的农地从树种选择、林网构建、时序设计3个方面进行设计实践,完善农田林网景观的设计体系。最后,讨论了农田林网的生态效应、经济效益、文化服务3种景观服务功能。农田林网景观设计是农业生产应对全球气候变化和可持续发展的有效途径。 相似文献
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In a 4-year study, we investigated changes in leaf physiology, crown morphology and whole-tree biomass allocation in seedlings and saplings of shade-tolerant sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and intermediate shade-tolerant yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) growing in natural understory light (0.5 to 35% of full sunlight) or in understory light reduced by 50% with shade nets to simulate the effect of gap closure. Leaf physiological parameters were mainly influenced by the light gradient, whereas crown morphological and whole-tree allocational parameters were mainly influenced by tree size. No single physiological, morphological or allocational trait was identified that could explain the difference in shade tolerance between the species. Yellow birch had higher growth rates, biomass allocation to branches and leaf physiological plasticity and lower crown morphological plasticity in unmodified understory light than sugar maple. Sugar maple did not display significant physiological plasticity, but showed variation with tree size in both crown morphology and whole-tree biomass allocation. When sugar maple was small, a greater proportion of whole-tree biomass was allocated to roots. However, physiological differences between the species decreased with decreasing light and most morphological and allocational differences tended to disappear with increasing tree size, suggesting that many species differences in shade-tolerance are expressed mainly during the seedling stage. Understory trees of both species survived for 4 years under shade nets, possibly because of higher plasticity when small and the use of stored reserves when taller. 相似文献
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Current knowledge on tree carbon (C) allocation to wood is particularly scarce in plants subjected to disturbance factors, such as browsing, which affects forest regeneration worldwide and has an impact on the C balance of trees. Furthermore, quantifying the degree to which tree rings are formed from freshly assimilated vs. stored carbohydrates is highly relevant for our understanding of tree C allocation. We used (13)C labelling to quantify seasonal allocation of stored C to wood formation in two species with contrasting wood anatomy: Betula pubescens Ehrh. (diffuse-porous) and Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl. (ring-porous). Clipping treatments (66% shoot removal, and unclipped) were applied to analyse the effect of browsing on C allocation into tree rings, plus the effects on tree growth, architecture, ring width and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs). The relative contribution of stored C to wood formation was greater in the ring-porous (55-70%) than in the diffuse-porous species (35-60%), although each species followed different seasonal trends. Clipping did not cause a significant depletion of C stores in either species. Nonetheless, a significant increase in the proportion of stored C allocated to earlywood growth was observed in clipped birches, and this could be explained through changes in tree architecture after clipping. The size of C pools across tree species seems to be important in determining the variability of seasonal C allocation patterns to wood and their sensibility to disturbances such as browsing. Our results indicate that the observed changes in C allocation to earlywood in birch were not related to variations in the amount or concentration of NSC stores, but to changes in the seasonal availability of recently assimilated C caused by modifications in tree architecture after browsing. 相似文献
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以广东省惠州市4个区/县绿化景观林带为调查对象,选取5种生境中共19种景观林带树种进行7次周期性样方调查,结果表明：水田洼地生境的景观林带树种胸径、树高增长系数值相对较高,分别在0.23～0.97和0.16～0.47之间。水田洼地美丽异木棉（Chorisia speciosa）树高生长显著优于沿海荒地生境和宜林荒地生境（P <0.05）;凤凰木（Delonix regia）在宜林荒地生境胸径生长显著优于碎石荒山生境和难造林坡地生境（P <0.05）;红花羊蹄甲（Bauhinia blakeana）在水田洼地生境中胸径生长优于碎石荒山生境、难造林坡地生境和沿海荒地生境,黄槐（Cassia surattensis）在碎石荒山生境中胸径生长显著低于难造林坡地生境和沿海荒地生境（P <0.05）。树种成活率最高值和最低值分别出现在水田洼地生境和碎石荒山生境,海滨木槿（Hibiscus hamabo）、红花羊蹄甲、麻楝（Chukrasia tabularis）、美丽异木棉、秋枫（Bischoifa javanica）、桃花心木（Swietenia mahagoni）在水田洼地生境成活率都为100%,而幌伞枫（Heteropanax fragrans）在宜林荒地生境成活率为15%。关联性聚类分析显示19个树种主要聚为两大分支,其中成活率和相关系数值较高的树种在聚类图中聚为一类。结合调查数据统计和分析,提出5种生境条件下景观林树种最佳配置模式。 相似文献
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The productivity and biomass allocation strategies of two early successional (ES) and two late successional (LS) tropical tree species were compared and related to their successional status. Apart from distinct differences in clean bole length, crown depth, maximum crown width and leaf area index (LAI), the ES species showed higher allocation to the shoot, particularly to the bole, whereas the LS species had higher allocation to the root. The ES species with shallow root system had more root biomass within the upper 20 cm of the soil profile while the LS species with deeper roots had a higher proportion of root biomass distributed below the 20 cm depth. The productivity of the shoot of ES species was significantly higher than that of LS species. However, root productivity for ES species was higher only up to 4 years of age; the differences were not significant between 5 and 7 years. The implication of these results for agroforestry and mixed plantation forestry is emphasized. 相似文献
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张鸿斌 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2012,(6):67-68
文章针对以往高速公路通道绿化存在树种选择单一、树种(品种)选择不当、树种配置不合理、经营管理和管护不到位等问题,在高速公路通道绿化中既要坚持因地制宜,适地适树原则,又要统筹园林景观效应,采取科学合理的应对措施,抓质量,抓效果,突出特色,体现个性,以人为本,真正打造一流路域环境,满足人们的需求。 相似文献
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The chemical bioregulator, 2-(3, 4-dichlorophenoxy)-triethylamine (DCPTA), which has markedly stimulated photosynthesis, carbon allocation, and above- and below-ground growth of several agricultural crops, caused small growth effects on red pine (Pinus resinosa L.) germinants and one and two-year-old seedlings, mainly to foliage and stems. At low DCPTA concentrations, i.e. 10 ppm, growth tended to be promoted, whereas at 100 ppm growth appeared to be suppressed. Continued testing of the bioregulator's effect on growth and physiology of other tree species is recommended. 相似文献