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东北产4种鹿角的无机元素分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
对东北产的梅花鹿角、马鹿角、驼鹿角和狍角进行了 2 1种元素的测定 ,结果表明 ,4种鹿角的必需宏量元素钙、镁、磷的含量非常高 ,同时富含铁、铜、锌、锰等必需微量元素 相似文献
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梅花鹿三杈茸、二杠茸、角盘中钙、磷含量比较 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为探讨梅花鹿茸内在指标性成分 ,于 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年对吉林省 11个国营鹿场人工饲养的梅花鹿三杈茸、二杠茸及其角盘中钙、磷含量进行了对比分析。结果表明 ,二杠茸钙、磷含量及钙磷之和均略高于三杈茸 ,分别为 7 32 % (Ca)、6 0 9% (P)及 13 4 1% (Ca +P) ;7 0 6 % (Ca)、5 76 % (P)及 12 82 % (Ca +P) ,二杠茸钙、磷以及钙磷之和的比较差异均不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而鹿角盘中的钙、磷及钙磷之和分别为 7 71% (Ca)、7 4 7%(P)及 15 18% ,明显高于二杠茸和三杈茸 (P <0 0 5 )。 相似文献
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1配种准备工作
首先,应根据历年的产茸情况、种用能力及育种方向选择好种公鹿,年龄3~7锯、精力充沛、性欲旺盛、精液品质好、产茸量高的作种公鹿。要求产茸量为梅花鹿锯标准三杈茸鲜重单产在3.5千克以上、马鹿为5.5千克（三杈）或7.5千克（四杈）以上。 相似文献
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为了探索阿拉善戈壁驼与沙漠驼骨骼肌纤维类型差异,随机选取6,8,10齿龄的健康阿拉善戈壁驼与沙漠驼,每个品种、每个齿龄各6峰,共36峰,分别采集臂三头肌、背最长肌、股二头肌组织,采用组织切片ATP酶染色法对阿拉善戈壁驼与沙漠驼骨骼肌纤维类型及组织学性状进行比较研究,用LAS 4. 0软件分析图片,采用SAS软件进行方差分析。结果表明:6,8,10齿龄阿拉善戈壁驼MyHCⅠ型、MyHCⅡa型、My HCⅡb型肌纤维含量与阿拉善沙漠驼相比差异显著或极显著(P0. 05或P0. 01)。阿拉善戈壁驼MyHCⅠ型、MyHCⅡa型、MyHCⅡb型肌纤维直径与横截面积均显著或极显著小于阿拉善沙漠驼(P0. 05或P0. 01),而单肌纤维密度、肌纤维平均密度、肌纤维总密度显著或极显著大于阿拉善沙漠驼(P0. 05或P0. 01)。说明阿拉善戈壁驼产肉量大于阿拉善沙漠驼,与肌纤维类型、含量、直径和密度差异有关,其中MyHCⅡb型肌纤维对产肉量的影响最大,其肌纤维直径最小,单肌纤维密度最大;在阿拉善沙漠驼中,MyHCⅡb型肌纤维直径最大,而单肌纤维密度最小。 相似文献
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2011 ～2014年,作者在内蒙古自治区大兴安岭林区进行了驼鹿种群数量和分布调查研究.采用三阶抽样及大样方法在6个林业局和1个自然保护区进行了数量调查,结果表明：内蒙古大兴安岭林区的驼鹿种群密度为0.051 2±0.003 05只/km2（置信区间80％）,种群数量2 648±158只,调查精度78.37％.与2008年该区域内的3 015±290只相比较,减少率12.2％,年均减少率为2.16％.采用实地调查与走访调查相结合的形式获得了驼鹿的分布范围,内蒙古大兴安岭驼鹿分布区总范围约88 512 km2,栖息地总面积约51 715 km2.与1989年对比,减少24 730 km2,缩小21.8％,年递减率0.98％.与2008年栖息地面积比较,减少2 665 km2,减少率4.9％,年递减率0.83％.最近6 a的数量、栖息地下降趋势减缓,说明了经过内蒙古大兴安岭林区野生动物保护工作的不懈努力,野生动物资源的保护与管理取得了一定的成效,这与天保工程等国家、地方宏观保护政策密切相关.但亟待寻求除森林禁伐、限伐、管护之外的驼鹿栖息地生态恢复与有效管理措施,遏制驼鹿种群和栖息地继续下降,从而使这一珍贵的濒危物种得到恢复. 相似文献
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四川省外种猪ESR基因对繁殖及生长性状的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试验以四川省外种母猪的 3个品种 (大约克、长白、杜洛克 )为研究对象 ,采用PCR -RFLps的方法测其ESR基因的PvuⅡ多态性 ,分析了该产仔数及生长性状之间的关系。结果表明 :初产胎次中 ,ESR基因型间总产仔数 (TNB)和产活仔数 (NBA)差异极显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,BB和AA纯合子间TNB和NBA分别相差 5 97和 3 72头 ,基因加性效应分别应为每个B基因 2 98和 1 86头。对于经产胎次 ,总产仔数在AA ,AB基因与BB基因型的差异达到极显著水平 (P <0 0 1 ) ,产活仔数在AA基因型与BB基因型间差异显著 (P <0 0 5 ) ,TNB和NBA母猪每窝BB纯合子比AA纯合子分别多 3 6 8和 2 89头 ,基因的加性效应为每个B基因分别为 1 83和 1 4 4头。头胎和经产胎次ESR基因型在初生窝重、2 0日龄头数和窝重、30或 4 5日龄头数和窝重以及 70日龄窝重之间的差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ;但是以上 6个性状在ESR基因的 3种基因型间存在BB >AB >AA的趋势 相似文献
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表 1某鹿场畸形茸的分类情况部 位基 部 畸 形眉 枝 畸 形干 部 畸 形顶部畸形类 型丛生多枝瘤型枝无眉枝小计多枝双尖折曲小计多枝无分枝扁挺小计多枝掌状小计 合 计数 量 (支 ) 1116114 3 2 162 92 7192 42 5 2 2 488百分比 (% ) 12 .5 0 6.82 1.14 15 .90 3 6.3 618.182 .2 710 .2 3 3 0 .682 1.5 92 .2 74.5 5 2 8.412 .2 72 .2 74.5 5 10 0 .0 0及损伤 ,则会影响新生组织层各部位组织细胞生长的均衡性 ,从而促使茸角的畸变 ,导致鹿茸角畸形化生长发育。在生产中 ,因角柄损伤而长出畸形茸的例子并不鲜见。角柄皮肤剥脱… 相似文献
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P.R. Wilson K.J. Stafford D.G. Thomas D.J. Mellor 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):182-187
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of various routes of administration and doses of local anaesthetic (LA) to provide analgesia of the velvet antler of adult stags. Methods: In Experiment 1, antlers from 50 red deer stags, ≥2-years-old were allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 25 antlers/group) to receive injections with 2% lignocaine hydrochloride as follows: High-dose (1 ml/cm pedicle circumference) or Low-dose ring-block (0.4 ml/cm pedicle circumference) or; High-site or Low-site regional nerve block (5 ml per site, both of which included the auriculopalpebral nerve). An electrical stimulus was applied before application of LA and then each min for up to 4 min after LA injection. If no response was observed, analgesia was tested with a saw cut. If no response occurred, the antler was cut at that time. If the animal responded, a further wait time was applied until 4 min had elapsed, at which time observations ceased. In Experiment 2, 10 primary and 50 re-growth antlers were given a High-dose ring-block and tested with a saw cut after 1 min (n = 30) or 2 min (n = 30). If no response occurred, the antler was removed. If a response occurred, further 1-min wait periods were applied. Results: In the High-dose ring-block and High-site nerve-block groups, 24/25 and 21/25 antlers were removed without response by 2 min, compared with 20/25 and 15/25 antlers in the Low-dose ring-block and Low-site nerve-block groups, respectively. The High-dose ring-block provided more effective analgesia after 3 min than the Low-dose ringblock, as assessed by the number of stags that did not respond to the electrical stimulus (p = 0.008), or subsequent antler removal (p = 0.050). The numbers of antlers removed without response after 1 or 2 min were greater using the High-site nerve-block than the Low-site nerve-block (p = 0.002 and p = 0.037, respectively). In all but the High-dose ring-block group, at least 1 stag required further LA after 4 min, before antler could be humanely removed. In Experiment 2, stags reacted to a saw-cut test on 6/30 antlers, 1 min after a High-dose ring-block, compared with 1/30 antlers after 2 min (p = 0.051). Conclusion: The High-dose ring-block produced the most effective and rapid analgesia. Clinical relevance: A High-dose ring-block with a 2-min wait period should be the preferred method for achieving local analgesia for velvet antler removal. 相似文献
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AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of various routes of administration and doses of local anaesthetic (LA) to provide analgesia of the velvet antler of adult stags. METHODS: In Experiment 1, antlers from 50 red deer stags, >or=2-years-old were allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 25 antlers/group) to receive injections with 2% lignocaine hydrochloride as follows: High-dose (1 ml/cm pedicle circumference) or Low-dose ring-block (0.4 ml/cm pedicle circumference) or; High-site or Low-site regional nerve block (5 ml per site, both of which included the auriculopalpebral nerve). An electrical stimulus was applied before application of LA and then each min for up to 4 min after LA injection. If no response was observed, analgesia was tested with a saw cut. If no response occurred, the antler was cut at that time. If the animal responded, a further wait time was applied until 4 min had elapsed, at which time observations ceased. In Experiment 2, 10 primary and 50 re-growth antlers were given a High-dose ring-block and tested with a saw cut after 1 min (n = 30) or 2 min (n = 30). If no response occurred, the antler was removed. If a response occurred, further 1-min wait periods were applied. RESULTS: In the High-dose ring-block and High-site nerve-block groups, 24/25 and 21/25 antlers were removed without response by 2 min, compared with 20/25 and 15/25 antlers in the Low-dose ring-block and Low-site nerve-block groups, respectively. The High-dose ring-block provided more effective analgesia after 3 min than the Low-dose ring-block, as assessed by the number of stags that did not respond to the electrical stimulus (p = 0.008), or subsequent antler removal (p = 0.050). The numbers of antlers removed without response after 1 or 2 min were greater using the High-site nerve-block than the Low-site nerve-block (p = 0.002 and p = 0.037, respectively). In all but the High-dose ring-block group, at least 1 stag required further LA after 4 min, before antler could be humanely removed. In Experiment 2, stags reacted to a saw-cut test on 6/30 antlers, 1 min after a High-dose ring-block, compared with 1/30 antlers after 2 min (p = 0.051). CONCLUSION: The High-dose ring-block produced the most effective and rapid analgesia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A High-dose ring-block with a 2-min wait period should be the preferred method for achieving local analgesia for velvet antler removal. 相似文献
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为探讨原癌基因c-fos对鹿茸生长的调控作用,采用3头成年塔里木马鹿Cervus elaphus生长期为30、60d的新鲜鹿茸,剖分成茸皮层、间充质细胞层、成软骨细胞层和软骨细胞层。首先用2种免疫组化的方法进行基因表达定位,然后通过荧光定量PCR技术对不同组织基因的表达进行定量分析。免疫组化分析结果表明,该基因在茸皮的毛囊内根鞘和毛母质及皮脂腺、动脉血管的环形平滑肌处呈阳性反应;真皮乳头层与表皮基部连接的基底层呈阳性反应。在静脉血管、神经和其他附属器反应均未观察到阳性细胞。在间充质细胞层、成软骨层和软骨层2种方法均没有观察到c-fos的阳性表达细胞。定量分析发现,c-fos基因在不同生长阶段不同组织层均有表达,且在茸皮的表达量显著的高于间充质细胞层,成软骨层和软骨层(P<0.05)。在同一生长期间充质细胞层、成软骨层和软骨层c-fos的表达量很低;生长30与60d比较,c-fos在间充质细胞层和成软骨层变化不大,在茸皮层和软骨层表现为下调表达。本研究表明c-fos基因在鹿茸快速生长期参与了茸皮干细胞的增殖与分化,并对成骨细胞的分化起着调控作用。 相似文献
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清原马鹿品种选育研究 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0
自 1972～ 2 0 0 2年 12月采用个体表型选择、单公群母配种和闭锁繁育等方法 ,研究并应用饲养管理综合配套技术、幼鹿培育技术、马鹿人工授精新技术及研究生化遗传特性和产茸量的遗传标记、品种及其种鹿标准和经过引种 ,风土驯化 ,确定系祖鹿和建立选育群 ;多组选育群自繁 ,合成“杂交”选育 ,精选F1 和F2 代种鹿和扩繁 ;扩大品系鹿数量 ,改善品系群品质 ;提高品种选育群品质 ,扩繁数量 ,品种形成和推广应用 4个阶段 ,5个世代的系统选育 ,育成了清原马鹿 330 0只。该品种具有体貌一致 ,体型较大 ,体质结实 ,鲜茸平均单产8 6kg ,成品茸年均单产 3 1kg ,鹿茸粗大、肥嫩 ,粗蛋白质 (6 3 7% )和氨基酸总含量 (39 6 % )高 ,茸的优质率达93% ,繁殖成活率高 (6 8 6 % ) ,生产利用年限长 (15年 ) ,适应性强 ,遗传性能稳定 ,茸 (鲜 )重遗传力 0 37,重复力 0 75 ,年改进量 0 4 86kg ,杂交改良效果与经济效益和社会效益显著等典型优良性状。 相似文献
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Jos ngel Gmez Toms Landete-Castillejos Andrs Jos García Laureano Gallego 《Livestock Science》2006,105(1-3):27-34
Lactation appears to be an influential factor for the adult size of male deer and thus, it could also influence the size of the antlers. This study examined the effects of lactation on body weight and antler size of male Iberian red deer up to 2 years of age. Several body and antler measurements were related to the production and composition of milk and calf growth during lactation. Results showed that calf weight gains during lactation affected body weight and other parameters of calves at 1 year of age, and there is evidence that, even in ad libitum food conditions during post weaning period, some lactation effects could extend up to 2 years of age. High percentage of milk protein resulted in increased antler weight or length. Results also suggested that body growth during this early stage might affect antler size positively through growth precocity. Thus, males that reached a higher weight at weaning also developed antlers earlier. Antlers that developed earlier were also heavier and had a greater base perimeter. 相似文献
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为达到更好的锯茸止血效果,对梅花鹿锯茸时出血特点及锯茸止血药物应用效果进行了观察:收取初角茸时呈渗出状出血;收取二杠茸时呈线状出血;收取三杈茸和畸型茸时呈喷射状出血,并且有节律地进行搏动。出血量随着鹿茸的产量和茸根围度的增加而增多,但是当收取茸根围度为(20.3±0.6)cm的畸型茸时却不存在这种明显的相关关系。同一茸型不同年龄的鹿,因茸重、茸根围度的不同出血亦有差别。根据鹿茸的组织结构、生长规律和梅花鹿生理特点,选用由中药组成的外用锯茸止血药方剂,通过锯茸止血试验,结果表明,该锯茸止血药无刺激性,止血快,抗感染能力强,创面愈合良好,对再生茸产量没有明显影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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鹿茸角是哺乳动物唯一的失去后还能完全再生的器官,人们对鹿茸角再生的分子机理了解甚少。本试验以梅花鹿为研究对象,通过原位杂交方法对Bcl-2在梅花鹿茸角中的表达进行了研究。结果显示,Bcl-2在梅花鹿茸角表皮层内表达甚微,在茸角真皮层、间充质层及软骨层等处均有表达,但在表达强度上存在一定差异。在真皮层中,Bcl-2在真皮成纤维细胞中有较强的表达,在鹿茸间充质细胞中也有少量Bcl-2的表达;在鹿茸软骨层中,Bcl-2在软骨细胞中的表达量很高,主要表达在增殖区的软骨细胞中。这表明Bcl-2可能在梅花鹿茸角再生过程中起重要的调节作用。 相似文献
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M M Smith L M Massoudi J D Nunes W C McCain 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(2):242-245
Tooth surface and interradicular area (furcation) measurements were taken of 20 first mandibular molar teeth obtained randomly from canine cadavers. The lingual furcation entrance had a mean width of 1.2 +/- 0.3 mm. The buccal furcation entrance had a mean width of 1.3 +/- 0.4 mm. There was no significant difference between mean furcation entrance measurements. The horizontal attachment area between the cementoenamel junction and the coronal roof of the lingual furcation was 1.1 +/- 0.4 mm. The horizontal attachment area between the cementoenamel junction and the coronal roof of the buccal furcation (0.5 +/- 0.3 mm) was significantly different from the lingual horizontal attachment area. Distal root length and mesial root length were 16.0 +/- 1.5 mm and 16.1 +/- 1.6 mm, respectively. The mean coefficient of variation for variables measured was 14.0%. Tooth size did not have a significant effect on furcation entrance measurement. All teeth had a concavity coronal to the furcation area, which extended apically for a mean distance of 65.6% of the distal root length and 83.8% of the mesial root length. Furcation anatomy of the first mandibular molar is complex and may be a contributing factor in periodontal disease involving the interradicular area. 相似文献
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鹿茸低温冷冻干燥加工技术 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
为提高鹿茸加工效率和产品质量,探索鹿茸加工新工艺,2004~2006年在梅花鹿收茸季节,利用现代食品和生物制品冷冻保鲜与干燥技术理论对鹿茸进行低温冷冻干燥加工试验研究,结合鹿茸的组织结构和生物学特点,对鲜茸进行冷冻保鲜与脱水干燥制成鹿茸产品,并与沸水煮炸、微波能和远红外烤箱烘烤等传统的鹿茸加工方法相比较。结果表明,该工艺可最大限度的保持鹿茸的活性营养成分,并使鹿茸的形、色、味基本保持不变,保证了鹿茸质量,大大缩短加工周期,既保证规范化操作,又便于计算机控制技术指标。 相似文献