共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
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辣木的营养价值及其加工展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
辣木广泛种植于热带和亚热带地区,耐受干旱和霜冻等恶劣天气,具有较强的生长抗逆性。辣木含有丰富的营养成分和植物化学成分,具有较强的抗氧化、抗炎等生理功效,极具开发潜能。目前,辣木的研究主要集中在辣木叶和辣木籽,其加工也主要通过添加辣木叶粉或辣木籽油等作为营养补充剂制备产品。本文主要综述了辣木各部位的营养价值、提取物的生理功效以及在食品和日化产品行业的加工现状,为辣木加工基础理论研究提供思路,为辣木的深层次加工提供参考依据,推动辣木产业发展。 相似文献
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3种辣木中氮、磷、钾、钙和镁元素含量的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对西双版纳不同树龄的多油辣木、狭瓣辣木和‘PKM1’辣木,在不同采收时期采收部位中的氮、磷、钾、钙和镁元素含量进行分析比较。结果表明:3种辣木氮、磷、钾、钙和镁元素的含量总体呈现出氮钾钙磷和镁的趋势;叶中氮、磷、钙和镁含量高于茎,钾含量低于茎。氮和磷含量夏季低于冬季,镁含量夏季高于冬季;多油辣木和‘PKM1’辣木中钾和钙含量夏季高于冬季,狭瓣辣木钙含量夏季低于冬季;嫩梢中氮和镁含量低于老梢(除狭瓣辣木外),但磷、钾和钙含量高于老梢(除多油辣木外);1年生树龄嫩梢氮、磷、钾和镁含量为狭瓣辣木多油辣木和‘PKM1’辣木,12年生树龄氮含量为狭瓣辣木多油辣木和‘PKM1’辣木;氮、磷和钙含量为1年生树龄12年生树龄,钾和镁含量为1年生树龄12年生树龄。 相似文献
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干燥方式对辣木叶营养活性成分、抗氧化活性及色泽的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以辣木叶为研究对象,考察热风干燥、真空微波干燥及真空冷冻干燥等脱水方式对辣木叶营养活性成分、抗 氧化活性及色泽的影响。结果表明,不同干燥方法均会引起辣木叶酚类物质、维生素 C、异硫氰酸酯、多糖类物质等 营养活性成分的损失,以及色泽的劣变和叶绿素的降解,并造成美拉德反应产物 5-羟甲基糠醛（5-hmf）的累积。然而, 通过真空微波干燥和冷冻干燥能有效避免辣木叶氧自由基清除能力的下降。不同的干燥方式各有利弊。其中冷冻干燥 能较好地保持辣木叶中的维生素 C、叶绿素,真空微波干燥能较好地减少酚类物质、多糖类物质等活性成分和抗氧化 活性的损失并减少 5-hmf 的累积。对于热风干燥,热风温度对辣木叶品质的影响显著,适宜的温度有助于γ-氨基丁酸、 异硫氰酸酯、多糖类物质等活性成分的保留。综合考虑干燥方式对辣木叶品质的影响及干燥效率,选择真空微波干燥 作为最适宜的辣木叶干燥方式。 相似文献
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辣木的利用价值与栽培技术 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
辣木全身均可开发利用且用途广泛，可供食用、药用、植物油及啤酒的净化，也是理想的油料植物、蜜源植物、畜牧饲料和薪材。同时辣木具有生长迅速、适应性强、耐早耐贫瘠耐修剪及抗病性强等特点，易于栽培管理。因此，在热带和亚热带地区具有广阔的开发前景。 相似文献
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对河口低热河谷区辣木林四季杂草种类、群落组成进行调查。结果表明,该辣木林有杂草73种,隶属22科65属,其中外来入侵种19种,占杂草总数的26.0%。通过分析四季主要杂草的优势度得出,春、夏、秋季优势杂草主要是菊科的鬼针草(Bidens pilosa),禾本科的马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、十字马唐(Digitaria cruciata)、光头稗(Echinochloa colona)、牛筋草(Eleusine indica)等组成;冬季优势杂草主要有菊科的鬼针草、小飞蓬(Conyza canadensis)、鼠麴草(Gnaphalium affine)、野茼蒿(Gnaphalium affine)组成。其中,鬼针草为常年优势杂草,在四季杂草组成中外来入侵杂草优势明显。 相似文献
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S. Sreelatha P. R. Padma 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(4):303-311
Antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting and scavenging free radicals, thus providing protection to human against
infections and degenerative diseases. Current research is now directed towards natural antioxidants originated from plants
due to safe therapeutics. Moringa oleifera is used in Indian traditional medicine for a wide range of various ailments. To understand the mechanism of pharmacological
actions, antioxidant properties of the Moringa oleifera leaf extracts were tested in two stages of maturity using standard in vitro models. The successive aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera exhibited strong scavenging effect on 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, superoxide, nitric oxide radical
and inhibition of lipid per oxidation. The free radical scavenging effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract was comparable with that of the reference antioxidants. The data obtained in the present study suggests that
the extracts of Moringa oleifera both mature and tender leaves have potent antioxidant activity against free radicals, prevent oxidative damage to major biomolecules
and afford significant protection against oxidative damage. 相似文献
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分析测定了辣木嫩叶、成熟叶、老叶、种子及花中的氨基酸含量,通过必需氨基酸组成、氨基酸评分、必需氨基酸指数、氨基酸比值系数及氨基酸比值系数分等5个指标对构成辣木蛋白质的氨基酸进行评价。结果表明:Glu、Asp、Lys、Leu和Arg等含量丰富,尤其是种子中的精氨酸含量分别比花生、大豆中高22.48%、40.73%。辣木嫩叶、成熟叶的氨基酸总含量及必需氨基酸含量分别极显著(p0.01)、显著(p0.05)高于老叶、种子及花,且均高于花生。辣木嫩叶、成熟叶、老叶、花在必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总含量的比例上高于花生,且高于大豆。辣木叶、花的必需氨基酸组成中有5个项目分别高于花生、大豆、FAO/WHO模式、美国模式,辣木叶的必需氨基酸组成中有4个项目还高于鸡蛋模式。辣木叶、花中的第一限制氨基酸为Met+Cys,种子中为Lys。辣木嫩叶、成熟叶中必需氨基酸的数量充足、比例适宜,必需氨基酸组成比花生、大豆与鸡蛋中的必需氨基酸组成具有更高的拟合程度。 相似文献
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Mitiku Badasa Moisa Muleta Ebissa Feyissa Indale Niguse Dejene Firdissa Sadeta Tiye Kiros Tsegay Deribew Zenebe Reta Roba Mengistu Muleta Gurmessa Dessalegn Obsi Gemeda 《中国油料作物学报(英文)》2023,8(1):45-55
Land suitability analysis of Moringa oleifera tree cultivation is important to enhance its product, as the demand for this tree for medicinal values and food sources is increasing worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess suitable land for Moringa oleifera tree cultivation by using the integration of multi-criteria evaluation with geospatial technologies in the Dhidhessa catchment, western Ethiopia. Five parameters, namely: slope, land use and land cover(LULC), soil texture, land surface ... 相似文献
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Comparison of the seed oil of Moringa pterygosperma (moringa) and Sclerocarya birrea (marula) showed a marked difference in fatty acid composition and oxidative stability. Moringa, with 1000 ppm tocopherols, had an oil stability index (OSI) of 133 h at 110 °C while marula with 1000 ppm tocopherols yielded 37 h at 110 °C. This correlated well with the fatty acid composition of these two oils. Moringa had less than 1% polyunsaturates and marula had 6.7% of these oxidatively unstable materials. In addition, fatty acid compositions of seven species of moringa are presented. All of these species had levels of behenic acid ranging from 1 to 7% with oleic acid levels from 68 to 79%. The highest amount of polyunsatures was found in the moringa species was in Moringa drouhardii with 3.6%. 相似文献
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B. Mendieta‐Araica E. Spörndly N. Reyes‐Sánchez L. Norell R. Spörndly 《Grass and Forage Science》2009,64(4):364-373
Fourteen different silages were prepared using mixtures of Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv Taiwan) or sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum). Molasses from sugar cane was used in the amounts of either 10 or 50 g kg?1 fresh matter (FM) in treatments without sugar cane. A completely randomized design with three replicates of each treatment was used. The silages were prepared in 1800 mL micro silos and opened after 120 d. The presence of Moringa and Elephant grass in the silage changed the pH by ?0·8 and +0·7, respectively (P < 0·001), indicating a favourable effect of Moringa on silage pH. Overall differences were found among treatments for dry matter content, crude protein and acetic acid concentrations, weight loss, CO2 production and silage pH after spoilage (P < 0·001). Weight loss was proportionately 0·034 and 0·014 in silages with and without sugar cane respectively (P < 0·001). Overall, differences (P < 0·05) were also found for neutral‐detergent fibre and lactic acid concentrations, lactic acid bacteria counts, clostridial counts and time to spoilage of the silages. Treatments containing Moringa had higher lactic acid concentrations (+16 g kg?1 DM; P < 0·01) compared to treatments without but the presence of Moringa decreased time to spoilage by 67 h (P < 0·05). No differences were found in propionic acid concentration or fungal growth of the silages. It is concluded that Moringa can be used as a component of high quality silages which also contain high concentrations of crude protein. 相似文献