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1.
全麦粉谷蛋白溶涨指数测定方法研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为了探讨利用全麦粉代替面粉测定谷蛋白溶涨指数的可行性，本文测定了21个小麦品种(系)的Zeleny,SDS沉淀值及不同溶涨时间下全麦粉和面粉的谷蛋白溶涨指数。简单相关分析结果表明，用全麦粉测得的谷蛋白溶涨指数与Zeleny、SDS沉淀值呈极显著正相关；在溶涨时间相同时，用全麦粉和用面粉测得的谷蛋白溶涨指数呈极显著正相关(0．843^**,0．912^**,0．934^**)。研究结果证明用全麦粉可以代替面粉测定谷蛋白溶涨指数。该方法可以降低样品用量，加快检测速度。 相似文献
2.
谷蛋白溶涨指数在小麦品质评价中的应用价值分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为了评价谷蛋白溶涨指数（SIG,Swelling index of glutenin）在小麦品质育种中的应用价值,检测了不同材料的面粉、配粉以及全麦粉的Zeleny沉淀值、SDS沉淀值和SIG,并分析了SIG与Zeleny沉淀值和SDS沉淀值的相关性。结果表明,基因型和种植环境各不相同的160份面粉样品的SIG与Zeleny沉淀值和SDS沉淀值之间均呈显著正相关,配粉的SIG能较好地反映出样品中面筋含量和质量的差异,说明SIG是一个比较可靠的品质评价指标;纯合品种面粉的SIG、Zeleny沉淀值、全麦粉的SIG、SDS沉淀值之间的相关性均达1％显著水平,其中全麦粉SIG与Zeleny沉淀值（面粉）相关更为密切,说明全麦粉的SIG与Zeleny沉淀值一样稳定有效,可以弥补Zeleny沉淀法不能用于全麦粉测试的缺憾;在广泛分离的育种群体中验证,SIG方法可成功应用于分离世代单株全麦粉的品质筛选。 相似文献
3.
山西小麦品种籽粒硬度与主要品质性状研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确山西省近十年育成小麦新品种的籽粒硬度和品质状况,利用单籽粒谷物特性测定仪(SKCS)、DA7200多功能近红外分析仪,对来自山西省近十年审定的56个小麦新品种的籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、出粉率等指标进行了检测和分析。结果发现,山西省近十年审定的小麦品种中,硬质麦比例较高,为78%,混合型麦和软质麦比例较低,分别为12%和8%;硬度指数范围较宽,为16.33～78.93。经相关分析,小麦籽粒硬度指数与被测品质性状均呈正相关关系,其中,与出粉率、吸水率、最大拉伸阻力均呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。硬质麦的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、出粉率、沉降值等品质参数均显著高于混合型麦和软质麦。混合型麦的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、出粉率、沉降值等品质参数略高于软质麦。 相似文献
4.
5.
小麦碱水保持力的遗传分析小麦碱水保持力的遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为给优质小麦选育提供参考依据,以籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、面筋强度和碱水保持力不同的6个常用优质小麦品种为亲本,按Griffing双列杂交法Ⅱ配制15个杂交组合,研究了小麦碱水保持力的遗传规律.结果表明,碱水保持力在杂交组合间存在显著差异,且受环境条件的影响较大.6个亲本中,宁麦9号和皖麦48的一般配合力较好,均表现为较大的负向效应,能极显著地降低杂种后代的碱水保持力,在优质软麦育种中利用价值较高.碱水保持力的遗传符合加性-显性模型,同时受加性和显性效应的作用,且加性效应更重要.控制碱水保持力的减效基因为显性,亲本中增效和减效基因分布不对称.宁麦9号和皖麦48控制碱水保持力的显性基因最多.碱水保持力可能受1～2对主效基因的控制,狭义遗传力较低,早代选择不宜太严. 相似文献
6.
为了给小麦品质育种早代选择指标的确定提供理论依据．选用5个品质性状不同的陕西关中小麦品种及其双列杂交的F1为材料，分析了全麦粉SDS沉淀值和膨胀体积的遗传特性。全麦粉SDS沉淀值和膨胀体积的平均值分别为67．66ml和6．09ml／g．其中沉淀值变异幅度较大，变异系数较高．而膨胀体积变异幅度较小，变异系数较低。SDS沉淀值的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力分别为98、42％和97．06％；膨胀体积的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力分别为54．75％和10．82％。对陕西关中小麦品质育种配制的组合而言，全麦粉SDS沉淀值可作为小麦育种分离早代蛋白质品质选择的指标，而全麦粉膨胀体积最好在育种高代进行选择。 相似文献
7.
本研究对陕西省１３１个农家小麦品种和１４８个育成品种的三个重要加工品质性状即籽粒硬度、粗蛋白质含量和全麦粉ＳＤＳ淀淀值进行了测定。发现陕西省农家品种硬度较大而沉淀值偏低；育成品种硬度较大而沉淀值偏高。 相似文献
8.
不同硬度小麦品质差异的分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为了解不同硬度级别小麦的品质差异,并为新国标<小麦硬度测定硬度指数法>在中国小麦硬度测定中的推广和应用提供参考依据.选取硬质小麦、中硬小麦和软质小麦各6个品种,分别对其品质性状进行测试.结果表明,小麦耔粒硬度与沉淀值、湿面筋含量、破损淀粉含量、面包评分等小麦品质特性和加工特性达极显著相关关系.容重、出粉率和破损淀粉含量随着硬度指数值的升高逐渐增加,但其差异仅在软质小麦与硬质小麦之间达显著水平.硬质小麦与中硬小麦之间未达显著水平.随着硬度指数的升高,面粉蛋白质含量逐渐升高,粗淀粉含量逐渐降低,且在不同硬度小麦级别之间都迭显著水平;直链淀粉占样品的比重逐渐降低,支链淀粉含量升高;面包、面条的加工品质逐步得到了改善,其中面包品质的改善较面条品质更为显著. 相似文献
9.
部分春小麦品种籽粒硬度及单粒硬度的频率分布 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
用单籽粒谷物硬度测定仪对55份春小麦品种(系)的籽粒硬度及其单籽粒硬度的频率分布进行研究,结果表明,品种(系)籽粒硬度变幅为11±18~86±16,其中硬质麦34份(1级29份、2级4份、3级1份),混合麦14份(2级4份,3级10份),软质麦7份(4级1份,5级6份),硬质、混合和软质类型比例分别为61.8%、25.5%和12.7%,极硬或极软类型少。东北春麦区、西北春麦区、青藏高原冬春麦区和新疆冬春麦区品种以硬质类型为主,北部春麦区软质和混合麦比例较高。籽粒硬度的分类与不同硬度范围单籽粒频率分布及其硬度均值有关,硬质麦硬度低于46的籽粒占1%~19%,高于47的籽粒比例为77%~99%,硬度均值58±18~86±16;混合麦硬度指数低于46和高于47的籽粒分别为26%~60%和40%~74%,硬度均值45±19~57±20。软质麦硬度指数低于46的籽粒为81%~97%,高于47的籽粒为3%~20%,硬度均值为11±18~33±19;软质或硬质品种籽粒分布集中,一致性较好;混合型品种籽粒分布分散,一致性较差。 相似文献
10.
为提高小麦品种的面粉白度,以来自不同种植区的216个小麦品种(系)为材料,研究了小麦面粉白度的分布规律及与其他品质指标的相关性,并初步探讨了储藏时间对面粉白度的影响。结果表明,面粉白度在小麦品种(系)间存在极显著差异(P0.01),年份间极显著正相关;参试材料的面粉白度平均为72.9,变幅为54.1~80.1,高于80的品种较少,大多数品种(系)的白度值在70~75之间。来源于西南冬麦区的小麦品种(系)的面粉白度值最高,显著高于黄淮冬麦区和北方冬麦区(P0.05),长江中下游冬麦区的白度值也较高;国外引进品种的白度值普遍较低,平均值为69.53;软麦的白度值显著高于硬麦(P0.05)。面粉白度与出粉率、籽粒硬度、蛋白含量和粉质参数等指标均呈负相关,尤其与硬度的负相关性最强(r=-0.798)。储藏一段时间可略微增加面粉白度,但增幅不明显。同时,筛选出一批优质高白度材料,可作为培育强筋高白度小麦品种的优良亲本。 相似文献
11.
Several physicochemical tests are employed in quality evaluation of wheat. Most of the exported Argentinean wheat flour is used as corrector flour in breadmaking. A small percentage is actually used in cookie production. No study has determined which predictive tests are most suitable for the quality prediction of bread (using flour as corrector) and cookies made from Argentinean wheat. The objectives of this study were to compare the suitability of predictive tests in the assessment of wheat flour attributes in the production of bread and cookies and to establish the relationship between the tests and flour components. Several expected associations were found between the SRC test and the composition parameters. Moreover, various flour components influencing the SDS sedimentation index (SDS-SI), the Zeleny index and the alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC) were established. The cookie factor (CF) was negatively correlated with sucrose, carbonate and water SRC and with AWRC. In addition, the bread loaf specific volume (LV) was correlated with the SDS-SI, the Zeleny index and the lactic acid SRC. In conclusion, several components of Argentine wheat affecting predictive tests were found. The SRC test allowed straight assessment of the bread and cookie quality of Argentinean wheat. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of Cereal Science》2001,34(1):37-47
Grain hardness (GHa) in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major factor of end use quality. The variation of texture has been related to the Hardness locus, closely linked with the puroindoline-a (PIN-a) and puroindoline-b (PIN-b) genes. In order to study the role of puroindoline content in texture variation, the quantity of puroindolines was determined. Puroindoline-a (PIN-a) and puroindoline-b (PIN-b) content was determined and a total of 11 bread making parameters were obtained from 40 bread wheat cultivars grown in four experimental locations. The 11 parameters were significantly influenced by the genotype whereas location did not significantly affect PIN-a or PIN-b content and loaf volume. PIN-b and grain hardness displayed the highest heritability coefficients (both 0.88). PIN-a and PIN-b content were not correlated with grain protein content (Prot) and grain hardness in hard and soft wheat types. In soft samples PIN-(a+b) content was negatively correlated, with loaf volume in two locations. Multiple regression analyses, carried separately for soft and hard types, revealed that PIN-b content explained variation of dough strength (W) and loaf volume, however their influence was mostly significant in soft types. For each location, from 22 to 91% of the phenotypic variation of strength and loaf volume was explained by combining up to three flour traits. Protein content, PIN-b and the average score of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) were frequently introduced by multiple regression (without GHa) as explanatory variables of strength and loaf volume. These results strengthened the significant role of PIN-b in breadmaking (loaf volume), and indicated that biochemical factors other than puroindolines are involved in the grain hardness variation. 相似文献
13.
为明确安徽大田生产环境下软质小麦籽粒和终端产品品质表现,评价优质软麦品种的加工适用性,本研究选取该区当前推广种植的24个软质小麦品种,对其籽粒和面粉的主要品质性状及其制品南方馒头和曲奇饼干的品质进行差异性、相关性分析,并以美国软白麦近五年的主要品质性状平均值为理想指标进行灰色关联度比较。结果表明,供试材料的硬度、面粉色泽b*、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间等籽粒品质性状变异系数较大,而容重、面粉L*值和吸水率变异系数较小。南方馒头品质性状中,白度差异最小,比容差异最大;曲奇饼干品质性状中,感官评分变异系数较大,饼干直径均值和变异系数都较小。蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间均符合弱筋标准(GB/T 17320-2013)的样品数为0。相关分析表明,容重、降落值、面粉L*、b*、白度与大部分性状间相关性不显著;籽粒硬度与水SRC和乳酸SRC均呈显著正相关,与湿面筋含量和面粉a*值均呈显著负相关。蛋白质含量与面粉a*值等7个指标均呈显著正相关,与面粉b 相似文献
14.
Genetically-diverse wheat samples from the Australian Winter Cereals Collection propagated in two environments were sequenced to identify puroindoline genotypes then the relationships between flour yield, genotype, starch granule size distribution and starch-bound puroindoline protein content were investigated. The Pina-D1a, Pinb-D1b genotype resulted in a higher average flour yield than either the Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1a or the Pina-D1a, Pinb-D1a but the ranges of flour yields for the three genotypes showed considerable overlap. For both hard wheat genotypes (Pina-D1a, Pinb-D1b or Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1a), a higher proportion of type A to type C starch granules was associated with higher flour yield and this relationship accounted for between 31% and 33% of the variation in flour yield. This result is consistent with previously reported findings for soft wheat. For the Pina-D1a, Pinb-D1b genotype, increased flour yield was also associated with a decrease in starch granule-bound puroindoline protein, which accounted for 31–35% of the variation in flour yield across the two environments. The combined effect of starch granule type and associated puroindoline content accounted for 68% of the variation in flour yield within the Pina-D1a, Pinb-D1b genotype. 相似文献
15.
为了筛选出具有应用价值的优良软质小麦种质资源,以55份高代小麦品系和2个软质小麦品种为试验材料,利用微量溶剂保持力（SRC）方法对其水SRC、碳酸钠SRC、乳酸SRC和蔗糖SRC进行了测定,并分析了4种SRC在品种（系）间的差异以及它们之间的相互关系。结果表明,不同小麦品种（系）间4种SRC差异均达到极显著水平。水SRC变幅为56.10%~77.15%,平均为65.32%;碳酸钠SRC变幅为68.57%~101.13%,平均为82.56%;乳酸SRC变幅为94.51%~138.86%,平均为114.03%;蔗糖SRC变幅为93.56%~121.88%,平均为109.03%。SRC的相关分析显示,4种SRC间均呈极显著正相关,其中水SRC与碳酸钠SRC的相关系数最大,为0.9834,水SRC、碳酸钠SRC与蔗糖SRC间的相关系数分别为0.8162和0.8409,而水SRC、碳酸钠SRC、蔗糖SRC与乳酸SRC间的相关系数相对较小,分别为0.6535、0.6410和0.6855。根据SRC值的测定结果,筛选出了6个4种SRC均低于软质小麦品种宁麦9号的种质资源,这些资源可作为低SRC小麦品种选育的中间材料加以利用。 相似文献
16.
宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦谷蛋白亚基组成和1BL/1RS易位分析及品质性状研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为全面了解宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦品质概况,为冬小麦品质改良和粮食生产提供理论依据。选用冬小麦主栽品种、亲本材料和高代品系30份。用SDS-PAGE分析了其中18份材料的HMW—GS、LMW—GS组成和1BL／1RS易位系分布状况。并对23个冬小麦品种的营养与加工品质进行了研究。结果表明,2#、7＋9、2＋12、Glu-A3a、Glu-A3c、Glu-B3h和Glu—B3j在宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦中分布较广,1BL／1RS易位系分布相当普遍。分布频率为27．8％。参试品种的籽粒硬度、面粉PPO活性、SDS沉淀值、形成时间、稳定时间和评价值的变异范围较大,变异系数分别为25．37％、33．68％、21．42％、26．58％、43．95％和29．31％。多数冬小麦品种（系）的千粒重、出粉率和湿面筋含量低于对照宁春4号。而蛋白质含量、SDS沉淀值、吸水率和稳定时间优于宁春4号。供试品种（系）中。HMW-GS品质评分、籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、SDS沉淀值均较高,并且不含1BL／1RS易位系的有烟优361、济麦20、鲁875067和923—9等,可用于宁夏引黄灌区冬麦品质改良。 相似文献
17.
The exact mechanism underlying wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernel hardness is unknown. Similar to puroindoline proteins, polar lipids are present on the surface of starch granules. The objective of this research was to determine the specific polar lipid species present on the surface of wheat starch from near-isogenic wheat lines that have different puroindoline haplotypes and endosperm hardness. Four near-isogenic wheat lines were used in this study, all derived from the soft cultivar Alpowa. Direct infusion tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify the lipid species in whole-meal, flour and starch samples. Endosperm hardness had no significant effect on the polar lipid contents in wheat whole-meal, a slight influence on the polar lipid contents of the flour fractions and a significant influence on the polar lipid composition of the polar lipids located on the surface of wheat starch. The greatest quantities of polar lipids on the starch-surface occurred when both puroindoline proteins were present in their wild-type form. Starch-surface polar lipid content dramatically decreased when one of the puroindoline proteins was null or if pin-B was in the mutated form. The least amount of polar lipids was present when pin-B was in its mutated form and pin-A was in its wild-type form. 相似文献
18.
Bread wheat elite lines and F4 populations were evaluated to determine the influence of genotype and environment on variation in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation, and the relation between SDS sedimentation and other quality characteristics. Nine intermediate hard red wheat elite lines and two checks were evaluated for three years over eight locations, and six F4 populations and two hard red wheat checks were evaluated at three locations. In both sets of material, the genotype and location main effect, and genotype × location interaction were highly significant. The genotype component contributed 85.96% of the total variation in SDS sedimentation in the F4 material, and the genotype × location component only 12.87%. In the elite material the contribution of genotype was high enough to make effective selection for SDS sedimentation possible. The genotype × year effect was large, indicating that testing genotypes across years may be more important than across locations. SDS sedimentation was significantly positively correlated with protein content and mixograph development time, and negatively with yield. Selection of higher SDS sedimentation may lead to overly strong dough and lower yields. Therefore a careful approach should be taken in the selection process, balancing the different objectives in a breeding program. 相似文献