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日本落叶松苗根化苗木造林效应研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用接有厚环乳牛肝菌,赭丝膜菌和彩色豆马勃３种外生菌根真菌纯培养接种体的２年生日本落叶松移植苗木,进行大面积山地人工造林。结果表明,不同菌根化苗木造林成活率,树高年生长量等各项生长指标,均比对照有大幅度提高,其造林成活率为９２．６％￣９８．７％,比对照提高６．２％￣９．０％,保存率提高６．３％￣９．９％,树高、地径年生长量分别比对照增加８．０％￣３５．３％和２．１％￣３３．５％。 相似文献
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尾叶桉菌根化苗木造林试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
尾叶桉幼苗接种菌粮菌后，成为带菌根的菌根化苗木。使用菌根化苗木造林结果表明，其增效明显。经测定，造林１１．５个月的幼树平均高达４．４８～４．８１ｍ，比对照区增加６．４％～１４．３％，胸径达３．９６～４．２０ｃｍ，比对照区增加６．１６％～１３．６７％，幼林蓄积达１７．９５ｍ３／ｈｍ２，比对照区增加３９．９％。 相似文献
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根据苗木根系分泌物能促进菌根真菌萌发和生长的原理，结合我国林业育苗的特点，提出了松树幼苗截根与人工接种菌根真菌结合的育苗方式。结果表明，截根菌根化育苗在促进根系发育和菌根形成，加速苗木生长，提高苗木生物量、苗木质量和产苗量等方面都有显著优势，苗木的侧根数、侧根总长、苗木菌根化率、吸收根菌根化率、苗高、地径、鲜重、干重分别提高２０．０％～９６０．０％、５６．２％～３８９．５％、０．０％～４００．０％、５６．２％～１７９２．０％、２２．３％～１７９．３％、３１．２％～２５３．８％、３３．３％～９１８．２％和２１．８％～７４０．０％，苗木成活率和Ⅰ级苗分别提高９．０％～２２．１％和４９．３％～１５０．０％，Ⅱ、Ⅲ级苗和等外苗分别降低４０．６％～７７．３％、６１．６％～８８．５％和８２．５％～１００．０％。利用截根菌根化苗木造林，提高成活保存率５．５％～４６．０％，并促进幼树生长，树高、地径和材积指数分别增加１３．０％～５６．４％、２５．５％～６１．７％和８７．８％～４５０．０％。效益分析证明，截根菌根化育苗具有明显的经济效益和社会效益，仅苗期可定量计算的增收（节支）总额可达４４６６２元／ｈｍ２。 相似文献
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菌根真菌对树苗根部病害的防治作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采厚环乳牛肝、血红铆钉菇、彩色豆马勃３种外生菌根菌纯培养接种物,对日本落叶松、油松播种苗进行接种试验,测定其对苗木根部病害的生物防治作用。试验表明,３种外生菌根真菌对苗木猝倒病均有的抑制作用。接种不同菌根真菌的松苗猝倒病发病率双对照降低４．０％～５５．９％,苗高、地径、单株鲜重等生长指标提高２．８％～６２．９％,菌根侵染率达８２．０％～９６．０％。 相似文献
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为了提高苗木质量和造林成活率，用人工生产的外生菌根真菌──厚环乳牛肝菌［Ｓｕｉｌｌｕｓｇｒｅｖｅｌｌｅｉ（ＫＬ．）Ｓｉｎｇ．］的菌丝体接种剂对兴安落叶松［Ｌａｒｉｘｇｍｅｌｉｎｉ（Ｒｕｐｒｉ）Ｋｕｚｅｎｅｖａ］大棚容器苗、裸根苗、移植苗及造林苗木分别进行接种。调查结果表明，该菌根对苗木具有明显的增产效果，既不但能提高出苗率，促进苗木生长，而且能大大提高造林成活率。 相似文献
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本文研究了厚环乳牛肝菌、赭丝膜菌、彩色豆马勃、血红铆钉钉菇４种菌根菌在纯培养条件下对土壤温度和含水量２个生态因子的适应性，以及同日本落叶松和长白落叶松形成外生菌根的能力。结果表明，土壤温度和含水量对菌根生长、菌根侵经具有很大影响。其中厚环乳牛肝菌和彩色豆马勃具有很强的耐温湿性，而丝膜菌和因红菇则稍差。在菌根纯培养合成中，供试菌株均与落叶松形成了外生菌根。接种后苗木的各项生长指标均比对照有所提高。 相似文献
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利用接种褐环乳牛肝菌、鸡油菌、彩色豆马勃、土生空团菌的马尾松苗,在温室采用盆栽方法,研究水分胁迫下,不同菌根化苗对养分的吸收情况.结果表明:在水分胁迫下,外生菌根能显著提高马尾松幼苗对N、P、K的吸收.随胁迫加剧,菌根化苗N、P含量和磷酸酶活性均呈先增后降趋势,在中度胁迫时达最大,其中,接种褐环乳牛肝菌l的苗对N、P吸收效果最好,分别比对照增加56.65％和44.32％;接种彩色豆马勃和褐环乳牛肝菌1的马尾松苗的K含量随胁迫的加剧先增后降,在轻度胁迫时达最大,分别比对照增加221.99％和200.00％.N和K主要分布在叶中,而P在根、茎、叶中分布较均匀,菌根的形成有利于马尾松幼苗N、K的上行运输.在轻度和中度胁迫下,接种褐环乳牛肝菌1对提高马尾松苗N、P、K的吸收和含量效果最好,同时也促进了马毛松幼苗生长和抗旱能力的增强. 相似文献
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INTR0DUCTl0NCultivatingseedlingswithmycorrhizaistmiversallyacknowledgedasthethirdkeyelementincultivatioroffastgrowingandhigl1yeildforests.Seedlingswithmycorrhizatakenbymanycountfiesoftheworldasoneoftheeffectivcmeasurestthichcanincreaseyieldsin'agricultUreandforestry,hasbeenpaidclosedattentionextensivelyandutilizedinforestproduction.Inordertoenhancetechnologylevelofseedlingcultivationandsurvivalrateofplanta-tion,weestablishedaworkplaceintheCentraINursery,Chao3uanF0restBureautomakemycorrhi… 相似文献
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外生菌根在高寒地区造林中的效果 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1988～1990年利用引进和分离的菌根菌对落叶松Larix gmelirai和樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)苗木进行人工接种及其造林试验研究。试验结果证明,造林用苗菌根化能够提高成活率和生长量。1988年秋造落叶松菌根苗平均成活率为97.7％,比对照的提高13.2％;1989年春造落叶松菌根苗的成活率平均为95.2％,比对照提高13.4％;同年春造的樟子松菌根苗成活率平均为87.2％,比对照的提高17.5％;1990年一年生落叶松菌根苗造林成活率为90％,比对照的提高40％。它们的生长能力比对照的好很多。本次试验筛选出的优良菌种有Suillus grevillei,Boletus sp.Cortinarius russus,Xerocmus chrysenteron。 相似文献
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引进木霉菌株T43对立枯病的抑制效果及对苗木的促生作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
把从以色列引进、室内抑菌试验显示对苗木立枯病菌(立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani、腐霉Pythium sp.和腐皮镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum)具有显著抑制效果的绿木霉Trichoderma virens菌株T43制成不同浓度菌剂,对落叶松Larix sp.和红松Pinus koraiensis 1年生苗木进行室外灌根处理,30 d后测定苗木生长及病害发生情况。结果表明:引进的绿木霉T43菌剂在显著控制落叶松和红松立枯病发生的同时,还显著提高苗木的生长、土壤微生物种群数量及土壤酶活性,该菌株液体菌剂适合落叶松苗木,孢子悬浮液适合红松苗木。 相似文献
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Meng Fanrong 《林业研究》1995,6(2):45-49
A large areas of Larch seedlings, including container and bare-root seedlings (new and transplanted seedlings) were inoculated
pure inocula that were cultivated by usingSuillus grevillei. Compared with those of control area, all growth indices as rate of emergence, growth(in seedling height, collar diameter
and number of lateral branch-root), rate of mycorrhiza inoculum, rate of survival and content of nutrient elements were greatly
increased. Therefore,Suillus grevillei is a better and suitable mycorrhizal fungus to larch seedling either in the severe cold mountain area or in the plain region.
It should be spread and used in larch cultivation and planting. 相似文献
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针对辽宁省西部干旱石质山区针叶树育苗周期长、造林成活率与保存率低等问题,进行了油松大苗培育技术试验,结果为1a生油松苗营养杯移植培育大苗的适宜移植时间为4月1-10日(清明前后),苗床应选择高床,营养土配方以1/2油松苗土+1/2落叶松苗土为好,在营养杯之间填充沙土。采用该技术培育大苗移植成活率、合格苗率分别都在95%以上,利用该技术所育苗木在干旱年份造林成活率为86.6%,该方法可在本地或其他环境条件相近地区推广。 相似文献
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Plantation success in northeastern Oregon can be limited by poor survival for western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) seedlings. Vegetation management treatments may increase soil moisture availability during the dry summer months, thereby increasing the probability of seedling survival. Chemical site preparation treatments were applied in spring 2007, summer 2007, and spring 2008 to determine if such treatments would improve survival and growth of bareroot Douglas-fir and bareroot and plug western larch seedlings on three sites near Elgin, Oregon. Although some herbicide treatments significantly increased survival, results were not consistent among sites. Overall, Douglas-fir had greater survival after 7–8 years than larch seedlings. Seedling size 7–8 years after planting was also highly variable among sites and treatments with larch seedlings being taller and larger than Douglas-fir seedlings, on the average. Size for all stock types was negatively correlated with vegetative cover and positively correlated with first-year soil moisture. Macro- and microclimatic conditions, including topography and soil depth, were likely contributors to differences in survival and growth. 相似文献
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落叶松是河北省中高海拔地区的主要造林树种,为了给冀北山地落叶松苗木管理及造林提供技术支撑,在孟滦林管局四合永林场和孟滦林场,对落叶松早期生长进行了监测,并对管理技术进行了研究。结果表明,华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)及日本落叶松(L.kaempferi)1 a生苗在6月中旬前生长缓慢,7月中旬后进入生长旺盛期;日本落叶松耐寒性较差,但生长期较长;2 a生苗,华北落叶松Ⅰ、Ⅱ级造林合格苗成苗率较高,日本落叶松侧枝较多,株高、基径均比华北落叶松高。9 a生日本落叶松的生长量明显高于华北落叶松。因此,对日本落叶松有进一步研究、应用和推广的必要。 相似文献
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The flow of labeled carbon in ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal seedlings of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Sarg.) and its F1 hybrid (Larix gmelinii Rupr. x L. kaempferi) was studied. Larch seedlings were grown in a greenhouse for 110 days with larch forest soil (FM) or Suillus grevillei (SM) inoculum, or in the absence of ectomycorrhizal fungi (NM). Shoots of colonized and NM seedlings were exposed to a pulse of 14CO2 for 1 h under natural light. Seedlings were harvested following 0, 6 and 24 h of exposure to 14CO2. At the final harvest, SM seedlings of Japanese larch and hybrid larch allocated 2.6 and 2.5% more 14C, respectively, to roots than NM seedlings. In contrast, FM seedlings of Japanese larch and hybrid larch allocated 6.5 and 18.0% more 14C, respectively, to the stem than NM seedlings. Of the total 14C detected in needle, stem and root fractions, FM and SM seedlings allocated a greater proportion than NM seedlings, perhaps because FM and SM seedlings had significantly (P < 0.05) higher photosynthetic rates than NM seedlings. As a result, FM and SM seedlings had greater dry masses than NM seedlings. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in FM and SM seedlings were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in NM seedlings, as was stomatal conductance. 相似文献
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Kazuhito Kita Kazuko Uchiyama Yasuhiro Ichimura Yoshinari Moriguchi Yoshihiko Tsumura Makoto Kuromaru 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(5):461-468
The hybrid between Kuril larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica) and Japanese larch (L. kaempferi) is an important afforestation tree species in Hokkaido, Japan, because of its rapid juvenile growth, straight stem, and resistance to bark gnawing by voles. To produce desirable hybrid seedlings, precise seedling discrimination is essential. However, continuous variations in morphological and phenological traits occur across L. gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi and L. gmelinii var. japonica × L. gmelinii var. japonica seedlings. Therefore, we used DNA markers to verify and improve the morphological and phenological discrimination method. We collected seeds from an interspecific seed orchard and, using chloroplast DNA analysis, we showed that the hybridization rates of 1-year-old seedlings were different between years (2004, 23.2 %; 2005, 53.6 %) and between mother trees (2004, 5.8–39.4 %; 2005, 20.0–81.0 %). Discriminant analyses revealed that the root collar diameter of 2-year-old seedlings, number of sylleptic branches of 2-year-old seedlings, and day of terminal bud set in 1- and 2-year-old seedlings are traits that aid in discriminating hybrid seedlings. The proportions of correctly discriminated individuals were found to be 81.7–88.2 % when using improved phenotypic discrimination methods. These methods adopted traits with high discrimination abilities during discriminant analyses and determined the selection intensity according to the hybridization rate estimated from the DNA markers. In contrast, the proportions of correctly discriminated individuals obtained using the current method were lower, 72.7–78.5 %, because this method was based on seedling height and adopted a constant selection intensity. 相似文献