共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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菊苣是南方草地生态畜牧业发展的重要牧草资源,其产量与植物营养生长阶段长短密切相关。本研究采用转基因的方法将拟南芥AtmiR156a在菊苣中过量表达,获得了140株转基因植株,PCR检测阳性率达94.3%。荧光定量PCR分析发现转基因菊苣中AtmiR156a表达量上调7.9倍。AtmiR156a过量表达菊苣与野生型菊苣的发芽率基本相当,但其叶片发生速率显著比野生型快,抽薹时间比野生型推迟20.2 d,开花推迟27.3 d,但是株高比野生型要矮,年均产草量与野生型基本相当。分析第一茬草的品质性状发现AtmiR156a过量表达菊苣叶片中粗蛋白含量比野生型高3.7%,纤维素降低2%,其他品质性状在两个材料中没有显著差异。本研究不仅建立了高效的菊苣遗传转化体系,培育出晚花、速生的菊苣新种质资源,为培育高产耐刈菊苣新品种奠定基础,同时为开展借助其他农作物重要功能基因进行菊苣遗传改良的研究工作提供借鉴,具有重要的理论研究与实际应用价值。 相似文献
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研究乌拉尔甘草离体再生受体系统和遗传转化技术方法,为甘草基因工程育种提供前期实验基础。以乌拉尔甘草茎段为外植体,试验筛选最适不定芽分化培养基和增殖壮苗培养基; 以乌拉尔甘草茎段为受体,利用农杆菌介导法对乌拉尔甘草进行GUS和GFP基因的遗传转化研究。结果表明,以乌拉尔甘草去腋芽茎段为外植体,其不定芽最适分化和增殖培养基配方为MS+0.1 mg/L TDZ+0.1 mg/L 6BA+0.1 mg/L IBA,不定芽分化率达38.8%,增殖倍数3.67,适宜的壮苗培养基为MS+0.5 mg/L NAA。与去腋芽茎段相比,带腋芽茎段的不定芽分化率达100%,能够在含抗生素的选择培养基MS+0.1 mg/L TDZ+0.1 mg/L 6BA+0.1 mg/L IBA+50 mg/L Kan+250 mg/L Car上存活,确定为最适转化受体;带腋芽茎段在分化培养基上预培养7 d后,经OD600=0.6的菌液侵染10 min,共培养3 d,在选择培养基上培养20 d,其不定芽分化率为43.75%,经GFP荧光检测可得到78.88%的GFP基因瞬时表达率;随机选取5株再生转化植株,经PCR检测,均有GFP和GUS基因的目的条带,GFP基因表达较强烈,初步获得了5个株系的阳性转化植株。 相似文献
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以早花枳上胚轴为外植体，通过研究早花枳遗传转化过程中不同的细胞分裂数浓度和不同的卡那霉素筛选压对不定芽的再生频率和GFP表达率的影响，以及不同的成苗方式对不定芽成苗率的影响，建立了早花枳遗传转化技术体系。研究结果表明，在共培养基和诱芽培养基中加入1.5mg/L的细胞分裂数，诱芽培养时以100mg/L卡那霉素作为筛选压，可获得138%的再生频率和32.5%的GFP表达率；早花枳在含有不同浓度NAA的 生根培养基上生根能力都较差，而以酸桔为砧木，通过试管内茎尖嫁接可获得98%的不定芽成活率。 相似文献
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以芒(Miscanthus sinensis)胚性愈伤组织为材料,研究了植物遗传转化过程中常用的潮霉素(Hyg)、遗传霉素重硫酸盐(G418)和除草剂(Basta)等3种筛选剂,不同浓度下的不同培养时间对愈伤组织生长、不定芽分化以及再生植株生根的抑制作用。实验结果表明,3种筛选剂均表现出很强的抑制效果。使用75mg/L G418筛选培养20d,50mg/L Hyg筛选20d或20mg/L Basta筛选40d可完全抑制愈伤组织的生长;使用60mg/L G418,40mg/L Hyg或10mg/L Basta筛选培养约20d可完全抑制愈伤组织分化出不定芽;而使用60mg/L G418,50mg/L Hyg或10mg/L Basta筛选培养20d可完全抑制再生植株的生根。3种筛选剂中以Basta对芒植株再生各个阶段的抑制效果最为明显,Hyg的抑制效果次之,G418抑制效果相对不明显。 相似文献
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《草业与畜牧》2017,(3)
以菊苣(Cichoium intybus L.)幼叶为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,采用正交试验设计,研究了4种植物生长调节剂(6-BA、IBA、NAA、IAA)对菊苣分化的影响,2种植物生长调节剂(NAA、IBA)对生根的影响。结果表明,植物生长调节剂种类和浓度对菊苣再生有显著影响(P0.05),6-BA对分化影响极显著(P0.01),IBA对分化影响显著(P0.05),在MS培养基中添加2mg/L 6-BA和0.2mg/L IBA组合中,菊苣再生频率最高,达94.39%。NAA对生根有显著影响(P0.05),在1/2MS培养基中添加0.1mg/L NAA组合中,生根率高达97.07%。 相似文献
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百脉根农杆菌快速高效遗传转化体系的建立 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
以百脉根品种“里奥”作为受体材料,以GUS基因为报告基因,研究了影响农杆菌介导的百脉根遗传转化的几种因素及表面活性剂(PEG 4000)、真空处理和乙酰丁香酮对提高转化效率的影响,建立了农杆菌介导的百脉根快速高效遗传转化体系,并获得了转基因抗性苗。结果表明,以子叶(带叶柄)为外植体,在OD600为0.5的菌液中,加入150 mg/L的PEG 4000,真空度6×10-2Pa,抽真空12 min,共培养3 d,转入含卡那霉素50 mg/L和羧苄青霉素300 mg/L的分化培养基中,约20 d后,50%的外植体分化不定芽,生根成苗。PCR初步检测表明有83%的植株为GUS阳性,转化率约为42%。 相似文献
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溴虫腈在桑叶中的残留毒性与降解动态检测 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
为了保证桑园喷施杀虫剂溴虫腈后的养蚕用叶安全,采用食下毒叶法测定了溴虫腈对家蚕的残留毒性,用气相色谱法检测了喷药后不同时间桑叶中的药剂残留动态变化。结果表明:桑园内分别喷施250、200、150、100、50mg/L溴虫腈,检测到药剂在桑叶的残留毒性期分别为>5 d、>5 d、3 d、1 d和0 d;200 mg/L溴虫腈在桑叶中的降解动态方程为C=95.335e-0.159 9t(R2=0.906 8),半衰期为4.33 d,此检测方法的最低检出药剂残留质量比为3.97×10-4mg/kg;桑树盛产期喷洒100 mg/L溴虫腈后2 h、1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d、14 d、21 d和28 d,药剂在桑叶中的残留量分别为40.969、39.814、20.226、18.726、9.975、5.522、2.774和0.026 mg/kg;200 mg/L和100 mg/L溴虫腈2次喷施处理桑叶21 d后的最终残留量分别为12.958、4.242 mg/kg。10%溴虫腈悬浮剂用于桑树害虫或害螨防治的建议使用浓度为100 mg/L,采叶安全间隔期为施药后5 d。 相似文献
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三种不同消毒剂对饲草菊苣种子萌发和生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用正交设计研究了1∶150 84、0.1% HgCl2和10% H2O23种消毒剂和3个不同消毒时间对不同菊苣种子发芽率、污染率和发芽指数的影响,并对普那菊苣幼苗生长的影响进行了研究,结果表明,3个因素对发芽率影响差异都极显著;消毒剂种类和消毒时间对污染率和发芽指数影响差异显著,品种对污染率和发芽指数影响差异不显著;0.1% HgCl2对普那菊苣生长抑制作用最明显。综合各因素确定,10% H2O2消毒10 min是菊苣最佳消毒方式。 相似文献
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以“甘农1号”紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)7 d苗龄子叶和下胚轴为受体材料,建立了高效的苜蓿再生体系和遗传转化体系,筛选出MS+2,4 D 2.0 mg/L+6 BA 0.5 mg/L和MS+6 BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.03 mg/L+GA3 2.0 mg/L为苜蓿子叶愈伤组织诱导和分化的适宜培养基;探讨了农杆菌浓度OD600约0.5、感染时间8~10 min、共培养时间2 d为适宜的转化条件。采用农杆菌介导法将Hyperdomin A（HA）基因导入紫花苜蓿,经PCR检测和Southern分子杂交分析,结果表明HA基因已经整合到苜蓿基因组中,可为牛皮蝇蛆病可食性疫苗的研究提供理论基础。 相似文献
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果园套种牧草地上生物量的动态变化及其对土壤肥力的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以菊苣（Cichorium intybus）、黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）、鸡脚草（Dactylis glomerata）、高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea）、4个紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）品种（Hunter Rive、Overseason、WL525HQ、Eureka）和3个白三叶（Trifolium repens）品种（Haifa、Rivenda、Koala）为对象,研究了其地上部分生物量的动态变化以及种植牧草后土壤养分的变化,为果园套种牧草选择适宜的种类。结果表明,菊苣、黑麦草、Hunter Rive和Haifa 4个牧草具有较高的草产量,黑麦草草产量主要集中在3月,Hunter Rive和Haifa以6月份的草产量较高,菊苣各月草产量较为平均,此4种牧草搭配,可满足家畜不同时期和牧草营养多样化的需求。种植牧草后的土壤中水解性氮和有机质的含量明显提高,土壤酸度降低,有利于促进果树生长。 相似文献
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D W Holcombe G S Smith M F Khan D M Hallford K Rozman 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(9):2200-2208
Elimination of [14C]heptachlor from body burdens of sheep was measured using mature ewes nursing single offspring, and the influence of exogenous ovine growth hormone (oGH) on elimination was studied. Six ewes (62 +/- 2.5 kg BW) were dosed (i.p.) once with [14C]heptachlor (2.04 mg/kg Bw; .88 microCi/mg heptachlor) and three were treated additionally with oGH (oGH; 5 mg/d) for 21 d. Three additional ewes served as controls. Excreta were collected each day for 21 d. Milk and blood were collected every 3rd d until ewes were euthanized at d 21. 14C activity was measured in excreta, milk, blood and tissues. Total cumulative activity of [14C]heptachlor and(or) metabolites in excreta (21 d) did not differ (P greater than .20) in ewes given oGH (25 +/- 2%) vs none (23 +/- 2%). Milk yield and protein content were unaffected (P greater than .10) by oGH. Ewes given oGH eliminated 2.2 +/- 2% of total 14C dosage into milk during 21 d, whereas ewes untreated with oGH eliminated 1.3 +/- .2% (P less than .10); total 14C activity eliminated into milk plus excreta was similar for ewes given oGH or none (P greater than .10). For all six ewes, half-times (T1/2) for distribution and elimination of 14C activity (heptachlor and metabolites) were 1.5 d and 11.7 d, respectively. Blood concentrations of 14C activity during 21 d yielded elimination half-time as 23 d. Unlike bovines, which eliminate heptachlor slowly (T1/2 approximately 70 to 80 d) and mainly into milk fat, lactating ovines eliminated heptachlor and(or) metabolites mainly into excreta and about sixfold faster than bovines. 相似文献
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The anthelmintic activity of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) herbage has been attributed to sesquiterpene lactones. Chicory leaves contain significant amounts of lactucin (LAC), 8-deoxylactucin (DOL), and lactucopicrin (LPIC), but the proportions of these three sesquiterpene lactones vary among forage chicory cultivars. To determine whether the individual compounds differ in anthelmintic activity, we prepared sesquiterpene lactone-enriched extracts from leaves of two forage chicory cultivars, 'Grasslands Puna' (Puna) and 'Forage Feast', and tested their effects on the hatching of a predominantly Haemonchus contortus egg population. The dominant constituents in the Puna and Forage Feast extracts were DOL and LAC, respectively; LPIC concentrations in the two extracts were similar. Extracts from both cultivars inhibited egg hatching at all concentrations tested (P<0.001), but there were significant differences in egg responses to the two extracts (P<0.001). With Puna, egg hatching decreased sharply in a linear fashion when the combined LAC, DOL, and LPIC concentrations ranged from 0 to 5.0mg/ml. A biphasic effect on egg hatching occurred with the Forage Feast extract. The fraction of eggs that hatched decreased gradually to 65% as the sesquiterpene lactone concentrations increased from 0 to 6.7 mg/ml. Treatment with higher concentrations resulted in a sharp decline in egg hatchability. Concentrations of sesquiterpene lactones required for 50% lethality were determined by probit dose-effect analysis to be 2.6 mg/ml (95% confidence interval: 2.4-2.8 mg/ml) for the Puna extract and 6.4 mg/ml (95% confidence interval: 5.9-7.2mg/ml) for the Forage Feast extract (P<0.0001). These concentrations provided 1.3 and 1.5mg/ml of DOL and 0.8 and 3.9 mg/ml of LAC for Puna and Forage Feast extracts, respectively. Results suggest that LAC has minimal effect on egg hatching and that DOL or other constituent(s) in the extracts is inhibitory. Quantitative analyses of free sesquiterpene lactones in chicory leaf extracts suggest that Puna may be a better cultivar than Forage Feast for use in bioactive pastures for gastrointestinal parasite control in small ruminants. 相似文献
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香根草组织培养技术的研究 总被引：2，自引：7，他引：2
香根草常规的无性繁殖方式难以满足运用生物技术筛选香根草抗性种质对种苗的需求,更难以满足大规模的香根草生态工程对种苗的需求。因此,创建香根草的组织培养技术是很有必要的。以香根草的腋芽为外植体进行离体培养,以MS为基本培养基,对胚性愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生体系的建立进行了优化。结果表明,适宜的诱导愈伤培养基为MS 2.0 mg/L生长素(2,4-D) 1.0 mg/L细胞分裂素(6-BA),愈伤组织诱导率最高可达96.7%;适宜的分化培养基为MS 1.0 mg/L 6-BA;适宜的生根培养基为1/2 MS 0.1 mg/L吲哚丁酸(IBA) 0.1 mg/L多效唑(PP333)。不同品种在相同培养条件下的愈伤诱导率存在较大差异。香根草的胚性愈伤组织具有单子叶植物典型的胚胎结构,其植株再生能力在继代条件下可以长期保持,继代18次的愈伤组织植株再生能力仍高达92.0%,即使继代24次后仍可达89.6%。香根草高效再生系统的建立为香根草开展基因工程及遗传转化方面的研究奠定了基础,也为大规模繁殖香根草种苗提供了新的技术保障。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Verbena officinalis and Lantana camara L. for the control of Culex pipiens. Triplicate bioassays were performed with fourth larval instars of C. pipiens (n=25 per replicate) with solutions at 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 μL/L of V. officinalis and L. camara L. extracts. Cumulative mortalities were determined 3, 6, 12 and 24h after treatment. Results showed cumulative mortalities, at three (3) hours to be 30.0 ± 2.9% and 14.8 ± 1.5% and achieve 43.3 ± 1.9% and 44.4 ± 3.1% after 24h exposure time, at 100mg/L of essential oil from L. camara and V. officinalis, respectively. 相似文献