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家蚕微粒子病是一种毁灭性疫病,桑叶浸渍消毒是切断食下传播途径的重要技术措施。前几年,海宁市采取桑叶全龄用0.3%漂白粉精液浸渍消毒法,使用效果良好。但该方法存在着劳动强度大、成本高,原蚕区大蚕期措施落实难度大、对人体皮肤有损伤、浸洗过程容易造成桑叶养份损失、蚕常吃湿叶易发病等缺点,也是导致原蚕户饲养原蚕积极性不高的重要原因。为此,海宁市新兴蚕种制造责任有限公司在了解省内兄弟蚕种生产企业微防经验的基础上,于2010年春蚕五龄期推广使用多菌灵粉250倍液在桑树上喷施代替桑叶浸消,以期达到在控制微粒子病的基础上,提高蚕农饲养原蚕积极性的目的。但多菌灵粉使用后,蚕种孵化率明显下降。 相似文献
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桑叶全龄浸渍消毒是目前防治微粒子病最常用的方法,但由于在5龄期洗消工作量极大,对工作人员的皮肤损伤大,同时易使蚕儿吃湿叶,容易发生蚕病,在有些原蚕区蚕农不愿接受或做得不到位。2004年湖州首先引进防微灵,以喷消代替5龄期桑叶浸消,技术措施易到位,其防微效果不亚于桑叶浸消, 相似文献
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《中国蚕业》2016,(2)
桑叶浸渍消毒是防治家蚕微粒子病的有效方法,但桑叶浸消后往往会引起叶质下降,影响蚕种繁育成绩。通过用含0.3%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液、含0.5%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液和2 000倍液消毒精(溴氯海因磷酸三钠)浸消的桑叶饲喂秋丰、白玉的5龄原蚕,调查原蚕的体质、蚕茧质量和一代杂交种质量等主要项目。结果表明:各消毒药剂浸消桑叶均能有效防控微粒子病,春、秋2期用含0.3%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液浸消的桑叶饲育5龄原蚕,原蚕生命力、蚕茧质量、一代杂交种质量等各项指标均显著优于用含0.5%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液处理区,且克蚁制种量春制种(11.45张)高20.65%、秋制种(9.94张)高14.38%;用消毒精2 000倍液浸消的桑叶饲育5龄原蚕,原蚕生命力、蚕茧质量略优于用含0.3%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液处理区,但公斤茧制种量(3.31张)略低于用含0.3%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液处理区(3.35张)。说明用消毒精2 000倍液和用含0.3%有效氯的漂白粉精溶液浸消的桑叶饲育5龄原蚕,对蚕种繁育成绩影响较小。 相似文献
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论种茧育桑园（夏伐）的培护管理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
种茧育在饲育技术上必须着眼于提高造卵数、产卵量和卵质。如果叶质差,将会导致生命力下降,造卵数减少,卵粒变小,对浸酸、冷藏、蚕种保护及催青中不良环境的抵抗力弱,从而给下代蚕生长发育带来不良影响。桑叶产质量的高低决定于桑树培护管理措施的好坏,为提高桑叶产质量从饲料角度保证蚕种生产,笔者集多年生产实践,认为须从土壤、树体及病... 相似文献
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蚕种场原蚕区虽然通过一系列技术手段来控制微粒子病（N．b病）的发生,如加强冬消、在收蚁前蚕室内外及蚕具彻底消毒、原种补正检查、蚕期消毒和提青淘汰、桑叶全程浸消、加强桑树治虫等,但原蚕区的种茧所制蚕种因N．b毒率超标也时常发生,严重威胁到蚕种场的生存和发展。因此如何提高制种期防微技术是当前蚕种生产过程中一项十分重要的工作环节。 相似文献
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桑叶全程消毒在原蚕区的推广应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨了原蚕区桑叶浸泡消毒与桑树上喷消相结合的桑叶全程消毒防控微粒子病的新模式。其核心技术:结合推行原蚕小蚕(1龄-3龄)共育,大蚕(4龄-5龄)分发到农户饲养等技术,从1龄-5龄期第2天前采用桑叶全程浸泡消毒,5龄期第2天后桑园采叶前喷消。主要技术经验:一是结合桑园的管理、害虫防治和原蚕区环境净化以及日常的消毒防病措施构筑完善的防微技术体系;二是加强与蚕农的沟通,发挥积极主动性,保证桑园杀虫,群防群治,蚕沙无害化处理,净化养蚕环境等技术细节落实;三是讲究技巧,合理解决全程桑叶消毒配药、脱水、消毒及树上喷洒彻底等问题;四是根据合格种茧、工作配合情况、维护原蚕区环境有功等指标,给予蚕农奖励,调动蚕农搞好全程桑叶消毒的积极性。 相似文献
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选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考. 相似文献
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近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。 相似文献
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１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是… 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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Harvey CE 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2002,19(4):186-195
Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined. 相似文献
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Over a period of about 12 years, 30 abnormal Schistosoma mattheei cercariae were found among a total of approximately 2.8 million examined. Initially seven were recovered from about 1.02 million (0.0007%), which were examined individually while being counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Subsequently, on the strength of relatively high percentages of abnormal individuals recovered when counting cercariae that failed to penetrate into oxen, it appeared that the morphologically abnormal cercariae were unable to swim and would mostly sediment out of a suspension while most of the normal cercariae would remain swimming. This surmise is supported by recovery of 23 morphologically abnormal cercariae (0.001%) from about 1.8 million, by examining the sediment after the cercarial suspension had been left standing undisturbed in glass measuring cylinders. The abnormalities ranged from aberrant tails only (e.g. an underdeveloped tail, or different degrees of schism) or aberrant heads only, to abnormalities of both the heads and tails. A suggested schematic classification of abnormal cercariae is presented. A young, adult hamster was exposed to eight S. mattheei cercariae with complete schism of the shaft of the tail, by pipetting the cercariae onto the shaved abdominal skin of the anaesthetised animal. Two underdeveloped females were subsequently encountered in squash preparations of the liver when the hamster was killed for worm recovery 10 weeks after infection, thus showing that some of the abnormal cercariae were viable. A method is also described for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining some of the shining brilliance of live cercariae, without them becoming shrivelled, granular and semi-opaque, as occurs when cercariae die spontaneously or are killed with heat. This is apparently the first report of abnormal cercariae of S. mattheei. In addition, a method of concentrating abnormal cercariae after emergence from a snail, a schematic classification of abnormal cercariae and a method for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining much of the shiny brilliance of live cercariae are also reported for the first time as far as is known. 相似文献