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1.
将奶牛冷冻胚胎与囊胚滋养层细胞囊泡(Trophoblastic vesicles,TRV)共移植,TRV来源于体外受精培养7d、体内培养7d的囊胚.胚胎移植受体牛超声波妊娠诊断共进行两次,即发情的第26～43天和38～73天.第一次妊娠诊断时试验组(与TRV共移植组)妊娠率(66.67%,18/27) 著高于对照组(45.16%,14/31)(P<0.05).实验组和对照组的分娩率分别为55.56%(15/27)41.94%(13/31),两者间无显著差异.两组间受体牛的妊娠期和后代初生重相似. 相似文献
2.
以体外培养的鲁西黄牛耳皮肤成纤维细胞作核供体，研究利用体细胞克隆技术保存我国地方黄牛优良品种的技术方法。通过组织块培养法建立的鲁西黄牛（1♂，4♀）成纤维细胞系，作为核移植供体细胞，利用屠宰场母牛卵巢卵母细胞经体外培养成熟后作为核受体进行核移植，试验结果表明：重构胚的融合率为62．5％（242／387），分裂率为63．6％（154／242），体外培养第7天囊胚发育率为42．9％（66／154）。体外培养第7天的囊胚的内细胞团细胞（ICM）与滋养层细胞数平均为37和47，ICM占44．2％。体外发育到7d的囊胚新鲜胚胎的移植妊娠率（新鲜胚胎）移植受体10头，60d妊娠率为20％（2／10）。 相似文献
3.
《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(21)
为了探讨小卵泡液、放线菌酮(CHX)对卵母细胞预成熟、囊胚滋养层细胞囊泡(TVS来源于体外受精培养14 d的滋养层细胞)、维生素对牛体外胚胎质量的影响。在B超仪下进行牛活体取卵(OPU),从牛活体卵巢采集卵母细胞,进行体外成熟、体外受精、早期胚胎体外培养。结果表明:10%小卵泡液及8%CHX的卵母细胞预成熟4 h组显著优于对照组;在体外受精及早期胚胎培养液CR1aa中添加10μg/m L维生素C组与TVS共培养组的卵裂率和囊胚发育率均高于其他试验组(P0.05);体外胚胎与TVS共移植受胎率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。说明活体采集的卵母细胞经体外预成熟处理,可以达到核质同期化的目的,早期胚胎的培育过程中加入TVS、抗氧化剂等可以克服早期胚胎的发育阻滞,提高体外胚胎的囊胚发育率。 相似文献
4.
利用夏季自然发情的云南黄牛为受体,开展了奶牛体内冷冻胚胎移植。留用的114头受体牛中,本地黄牛59头,年龄在3~10岁,均为经产牛,最终移植27头,西杂牛56头(其中2岁以下的青年牛26头),移植29头(青年牛11头),两个品种受体利用率分别为45.8%和51.8%;移植后妊娠率分别为59.3%和55.2%;解冻的63枚胚胎移植给了56头受体牛,A级胚胎单独移植和B、C级胚胎搭配移植最终妊娠结果分别是58.5%(24/41)和53.3%(8/15);发情后第6 d和第7 d移植妊娠率分别为56%和58.1%。结果表明,1~10岁的西杂牛和3~10岁体型较大的本地黄牛均可作为受体移植奶牛胚胎;利用自然发情的云南黄牛做受体移植效果较为理想,是一种经济、方便、适合云南广大农村推广的技术途径;A级胚胎单独移植和B、C级搭配移植可获得较为理想的妊娠结果;处于发情后第6 d和第7 d的云南黄牛都可以作为桑囊期奶牛胚胎的移植受体。 相似文献
5.
6.
本试验探讨了3种不同分割液对奶牛桑葚胚和囊胚分割效果的影响。借助显微操作仪，将发育至第6～8天的体内常规生产的桑葚胚和囊胚进行分割，体外培养半胚，观察其发育情况，选择形态恢复好的半胚与一个囊胚滋养层细胞囊泡（trophoblastic vesicles，TRV）共移植。结果显示，在PBS+0.2 mol/L蔗糖与PBS+5%PVP中分割桑葚胚，其分割成功率显著高于PBS（P<0.05），分别为89.13%、86.73%和69.67%，而半胚的囊胚发育率及移植妊娠率三者均无显著差异（P>0.05）；在PBS+0.2 mol/L蔗糖与PBS+5%PVP中分割囊胚， 其分割成功率显著高于PBS（P<0.05），分别为94.52%、92.52%和70.52%，而半胚培养的囊胚发育率及移植妊娠率三者均无显著差异（P>0.05）；说明在PBS中分别添加0.2 mol/L的蔗糖和5%的PVP有利于提高奶牛桑葚胚和囊胚的分割成功率。 相似文献
7.
不同核移植方法对牛体细胞核移植效率的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以牛皮肤成纤维细胞为供体细胞,比较了电融合法和细胞质内注射法2种核移植方法对体细胞核移植效率的影响.电融合法构建重组胚的效率显著低于细胞质内注射法(47.1%比89.0%,P＜0.01);重组胚培养36 h后的裂卵率和培养8 d时囊胚发育率无明显差异(76.4%比73.2%,11.2%比12.3%;P＞0.05),但相对于操作的卵母细胞总数而言,电融合法得到的总囊胚发育率显著低于细胞质内注射法(5.6%比10.9%,P＜0.01).结果表明,用细胞质内注射法进行体细胞核移植效率更高.将发育到桑椹胚和囊胚期的95枚核移植胚胎移植到33头受体牛,其中31头受体牛在移植后第2个情期前返情;1头受体牛在移植后75 d返情,但未进行直肠检查,无法确定妊娠情况;1头受体牛在移植后60 d未见返情,直肠检查确证妊娠,93 d受体牛流产.胚胎移植结果表明,用细胞质内注射法构建的体细胞核移植胚胎至少可以维持早期妊娠. 相似文献
8.
性控精液对奶牛体内胚胎质量发育和移植妊娠率的影响 《畜牧与饲料科学》2023,44(1):71-75
[目的] 研究性控精液对奶牛体内胚胎质量、胚胎发育和胚胎移植妊娠率的影响。[方法] 将144头青年奶牛随机分为对照组（63头）和试验组（81头）,使用促卵泡激素（FSH,260 mg/头）进行超排处理。对照组和试验组分别使用常规精液和性控精液输精,并对获得的体内性控胚胎进行移植,对胚胎生产、胚胎质量、胚胎发育和胚胎移植妊娠情况进行统计。[结果] 试验组供体获得的平均可用胚胎数（5.67枚）显著（P<0.05）低于对照组（6.92枚）;试验组供体获得的可用胚胎中A级胚胎比例（62.53%）、B级胚胎比例（35.29%）与对照组（A级胚胎比例66.51%、B级胚胎比例30.97%）相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）;试验组供体获得的可用胚胎中桑葚胚比例（84.10%）显著（P<0.05）高于对照组（61.24%）,囊胚比例（15.90%）显著（P<0.05）低于对照组（38.76%）;试验组的鲜胚移植妊娠率（52.41%）显著（P<0.05）低于对照组（66.13%）。[结论] 与常规精液相比,使用性控精液生产奶牛体内性控胚胎并移植后,平均可用胚胎数、可用胚胎中囊胚比例和胚胎移植妊娠率降低,可用胚胎质量未明显降低;优化性控精液使用方案和胚胎移植技术能够提高体内性控胚胎生产和胚胎移植效率。 相似文献
9.
[目的]研究牛活体采卵-体外受精（ovum pick-up and in vitro fertilization,OPU/IVF）体系,建立高效的牛体外胚胎生产系统。[方法]以从屠宰场采集的健康牛新鲜卵巢为试验材料,进行卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精、体外胚胎培养相关条件的摸索,重点考查体外胚胎培养液中添加瘦素（leptin）对囊胚率的影响。选取13～15月龄健康荷斯坦奶牛及和牛各10头作为供体,进行活体采卵、卵母细胞体外成熟、体外胚胎生产,记录可用卵数及可用囊胚数,统计卵裂率、囊胚率;2个品种牛的体外冷冻胚胎解冻后,以荷斯坦奶牛为受体进行胚胎移植,移植后45 d统计妊娠率。[结果]添加30 U/mL的leptin可以显著（P<0.05）提高屠宰场来源牛体外胚胎的囊胚率。随机选择供体牛活体采卵,平均每头荷斯坦奶牛获得可用卵7.5枚,平均每头和牛获得可用卵8.1枚;荷斯坦奶牛及和牛的卵裂率分别为84.00%、82.71%,二者差异不显著（P>0.05）。体外培养条件下,平均每头荷斯坦奶牛获得可用囊胚4.3枚,平均每头和牛获得可用囊胚3.7枚;荷斯坦奶牛的囊胚率（57.33%）显著... 相似文献
10.
《当代畜牧》2017,(18)
牛双胚胎共移植是指1次移植过程中,在子宫内同时放置2枚胚胎,使母牛1次妊娠生产2个后代,从而显著提高母牛繁殖效率的方法。笔者针对西南山区的肉牛养殖情况,探讨了在西门塔尔牛与本地黄牛杂交的F1代母牛中开展双胚胎共移植的可能性与效果。笔者共选择9头发育良好、健康无病的后备母牛作为受体牛,经过同期发情处理后,将18枚安格斯牛冷冻胚胎移植入受体牛体内(2枚胚胎/头)。移植后75d进行直肠妊娠检测,发现有7头母牛成功妊娠,其中双胎母牛5头,单胎母牛2头,妊娠率为77.8%,双胎妊娠率为71.4%,产犊率为133.3%。本研究结果表明,牛双胚胎移植技术能显著提高母牛繁殖率,值得推广利用。 相似文献
11.
Bisected bovine embryos were co-transferred with trophoblastic vesicles (TVs). These TVs were prepared by dissection of conceptuses that were collected by uterine flushing after culture for seven days in the uterus following transfer of embryos derived by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Pregnancy diagnoses were performed twice, between Day 26 and Day 43 and between Day 38 and Day 73 post-estrus by ultrasonography. The pregnancy rate was significantly increased at first pregnancy diagnosis when demi-embryos were transferred with TVs (66.7%, 16/24) compared with the control group (34.5%, 10/29) (P < 0.05). Three losses occurred in the co-transfer group between the first and second pregnancy diagnosis. The final pregnancy rates according to delivered offspring were 41.7% (10/24) and 27.6% (8/29), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups with regard to the average diameter of the TVs measured before transfer at three points during the gestation period. The birth weight and gestation lengths of the offspring were almost the same for the co-transfer and control groups. In the co-transfer group, the genetic identities of calves from the separated embryos were not affected by the TVs, as confirmed by parental blood type testing. Delivered offspring in co-transferred groups showed normal morphology. In conclusion, the present study indicates that co-transfer of TVs prepared from conceptuses cultured in vivo following transfer of IVF embryos enhances the fertility of demi-embryos during the early stages of pregnancy, as has similarly been shown in previous research for those prepared from in vivo embryos. 相似文献
12.
Bodó S Laczkó L Horváth G Baranyai B Szabó MH Dohy J Gócza E 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2002,50(4):469-479
This article presents a new, simple and rapid embryo biopsy method. The blastomere for genetic analysis can be separated from a precompacted mouse embryo after a partial zona digestion with the use of a holding pipette. For the micromanipulation only two microcapillaries and micromanipulators are needed. The development of the biopsied embryos was studied during in vitro culture and in utero following embryo transfer. There was no significant difference between the treated and the control groups in the ratio of embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage, although the biopsied embryos were delayed in their development because they contained significantly fewer cells compared to the control ones at the same stage. Although there was no difference in the ratio of implantation, the development of the biopsied embryos in utero was also delayed 12-24 hours on the 9th day of pregnancy. No difference in development was visible from the 13th day of pregnancy. Statistically, no differences were found in the developmental ratio (number of developed fetuses/transferred embryos) of the control and treated embryos during gastrulation (9th day of pregnancy), at the beginning of organogenesis (13th day of pregnancy) and before birth (19th day of pregnancy). The embryo biopsy method presented here can be a new and useful tool for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. 相似文献
13.
Nishigai M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(1):23-36
The conditions of embryo transfer by the stepwise method, in which frozen-thawed embryos are transferred on day 7 (day 0=onset of estrus), were investigated with the aim of increasing pregnancy rates in frozen-thawed embryo transfer. The use of a vaginal speculum to prevent bacterial infection when passing an embryo transfer gun through the vagina yielded a pregnancy rate equal to or higher than that with application of a sheath cover to the transfer gun. Administration of a sedative, xylazine, to recipient cattle for preventing movement at the time of embryo transfer improved the pregnancy rate. The influence of the time from thawing of frozen embryos to transfer and of the transportation of the recipient by truck upon pregnancy rate was investigated. Embryo transfer within 60 minutes after aspiration into a straw or transportation of the bovine recipient, 1.5 hours each way before and after transfer, had no influence on pregnancy rate. Relations of the embryonic developmental stage and morphological quality after thawing of frozen embryos to pregnancy rate were investigated in recipients of nulliparous Holstein heifers. The pregnancy rate increased as the embryonic developmental stage advanced from compacted morula, early blastocyst, and blastocyst in that order. The pregnancy rate obtained with blastocyst stage embryos was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that with compacted morula stage embryos, and there was no significant difference in pregnancy rates between excellent morphological quality and good morphological quality for compacted morula stage embryos. When correlation of luteal function and pregnancy rate was investigated in bovine recipients, pregnancy rate showed a tendency to increase with increasing blood progesterone (P) concentration on the day before (on day 6 after estrus) and the day of embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate in bovine recipients, which showed a blood P concentration of > or =2.5 ng/ml on the day before embryo transfer, was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in those with a blood P concentration of <2.5 ng/ml. Pregnancy rate showed a tendency to increase with decreasing blood estradiol-17beta (E2) concentration on the day of embryo transfer. Activation of luteal function by administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in cycling cattle was investigated for its effect on increasing pregnancy rate in bovine recipients. A follicle coexisting with cyclic CL ovulated and induced CL formed after injection of hCG 1,500 IU 5 days after ovulation. The blood P concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the administration group than in the control group, and the blood E2 concentration rapidly decreased, showing a lower concentration than in the control group. These results suggest the possibility that the pregnancy rate could be improved by administration of hCG. Pregnancy rate following intramuscular injection hCG 1,500 IU was comparatively investigated in parous Japanese Black beef cattle receiving frozen-thawed embryos 7 days after estrus. Pregnancy rate was 67.5% in the group in which hCG was administered on day 6 after estrus, and was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the control group (45.0%) and the group in which hCG was administered on day 1 after estrus (42.5%), revealing that hCG administration facilitated pregnancy. Transfer of frozen-thawed embryos in the blastocyst stage within 60 minutes after the aspiration into a straw, with a vaginal speculum after administration of xylazine is suggested as a way of improving pregnancy rate in bovine recipients with favorable luteal function and in those with luteal function activated by administration of hCG on the day before embryo transfer. 相似文献
14.
Kale M Bulut O Yapkic O Gulay MS Pehlivanoglu F Ata A Yavru S 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2007,78(3):130-132
Some production parameters of seropositive cows (age, first calving age, 305 day mature equivalent last milk yield production, lifetime mature equivalent milk yield production, lifetime total milk production, lifetime total milking period, lifetime monthly milk production, lifetime daily milk production, lifetime total days of milking, number of inseminations per pregnancy (for last pregnancy), number of calves and calving interval (for last pregnancy)) were analysed in the current study. The study population was clinically healthy Holstein cows from a commercial dairy herd in southern Turkey. Of 109 animals, 65 cows were seropositive by ELISA and the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection was 59.6%. The prevalence of seropositive cows in 2nd (62.8%), 3rd (64.7%), 4th (61.5%), and 5th (66.6 %) lactations was slightly higher than that of cows in 1st (52.6%) lactations. No statistical differences were observed between BLV seronegative and seropositive cows for production and reproduction parameters analysed in this study (P > 0.05). 相似文献
15.
Bhojwani S Vajta G Callesen H Roschlau K Kuwer A Becker F Alm H Torner H Kanitz W Poehland R 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(4):465-475
To enable us to handle a large number of oocytes at a given time and to have an increased throughput of cloned embryos, we attempted the Handmade cloning (HMC) technique, a zona-free method of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer. Our objective was to study the developmental competence of the HMC derived embryos obtained using different types of somatic cells. A total of 6,874 cumulus-oocyte-complexes were used with either 7th or 11th passage fibroblasts (1st and 2nd groups, respectively), which were prepared from male animals, or granulosa cells (3rd group) as nuclei donors. The average cleavage rate was 65%, accompanied by a blastocyst rate of just 2% for the cleaved products and 5% for the >8-cell embryos, and there was no significant difference between the three groups. Out of 27 blastocysts recovered, 22 blastocysts were transferred to 22 recipients, resulting in two pregnancies. One pregnancy was lost after the fourth week while the other progressed to full term with the birth of a male calf. This first successful cloning of a male calf with the HMC technique in Europe indicates the successful adoption and establishment of this technique in our laboratory, and that this technique can be successful in producing viable embryos. 相似文献
16.
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two culture media: modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF) and G1.2/G2.2, on the developmental competence of bovine somatic cell–cloned embryos. Cloned embryos were produced by transferring adult skin fibroblasts into enucleated MII oocytes. After activation, the reconstructed embryos were randomly allotted to either mSOF or G1.2/G2.2 for culture (the embryos were transferred from G1.2 to G2.2 on days 3 of culture). The development competence of cloned embryos in these two culture systems was compared in terms of cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate and apoptosis cell number in day 7 blastocyts. To investigate the in vivo developmental competence of cloned embryos in the two culture systems, a total of 87 and 104 blastocysts derived from mSOF and G1.2/G2.2 medium groups were transferred individually to recipient Angus cows, respectively. No differences were observed in terms of cleavage rate, day 7 blastocyst rate and blastocyst cell number between these two culture systems. However, the day 6 blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in G1.2/G2.2 than that in mSOF. In addition, blastocysts cultured in mSOF have a higher percentage of apoptotic blastomeres compared to those in G1.2/G2.2 (8.5 ± 1.2 vs 16.8 ± 1.5, p < 0.05). Although difference in pregnancy rate was not observed 40 days after embryo transfer, significantly higher pregnancy rate was observed in G1.2/G2.2 group after 90 days of embryo transfer (12.4% vs 37.5%, p < 0.05). Moreover, calving rate was significantly improved in G1.2/G2.2 group compared to mSOF group (27.9% vs 6.7%, p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results indicate that G1.2/G2.2 can improve developmental competence of bovine SCNT embryos both in vitro and in vivo, which is more suitable for culture of bovine SCNT embryos than mSOF medium. 相似文献
17.
奶牛新鲜和冷冻胚胎分割移植试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用简单方法,分割7～8日龄新鲜牛胚胎(1分为2),裸半胚成对移植给66头受体,90天妊检,移植妊娠率为56.1％(37/66)。除6头流产和尚有5头待产外,已有26头受体产犊35头,其中有9对同卵双胎,双胎率为34.6％(9/26),半胚产犊率为29.2％(35/120)。对影响成对半胚移植妊娠率和半胚产犊率的诸多因素如胚胎质量,胚胎在体外停留时间、胚胎发育阶段、受体牛品种、黄体状况等进行了较系统的研究。同时对冷冻胚胎进行了分割试验,移植妊娠率为45.5％(5/11),已产3头犊牛。对快速冷冻和常规冷冻胚胎分割后的移植妊娠率进行了比较,分别为25.0％(1/4)和57.4％(4/7)。 相似文献
18.
Expression of Interferon-tau mRNA in Bovine Embryos Derived from Different Procedures 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N Yao P-C Wan Z-D Hao F-F Gao L Yang M-S Cui Y Wu J-H Liu S Liu H Chen S-M Zeng 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(1):132-139
Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) is a secreted conceptus protein which plays a critical role in the establishment of ruminant pregnancy by its antiluteolytic and antiviral effects. In the present study, we hypothesized that IFN-τ expression was temporally and spatially regulated in different pre-implantation embryos and the levels of IFN-τ expression were different among bovine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation (PA), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). By using in situ hybridization with Digoxingenin (DIG)-labelled IFN-τ cDNA as a probe, we detected IFN-τ mRNA in bovine embryos from days 3 to 9 in culture. However, the timing of the initiation of IFN-τ mRNA expression was different among PA, IVF and SCNT embryos. Interferon-τ mRNA was first expressed in 16-cell stage IVF embryos on day 4, in SCNT morula on day 5 and early PA blastocyst on day 6. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of IFN-τ mRNA did not differ significantly among IVF, SCNT and PA embryos on day 7. In addition, freezing and thawing did not have a major impact either on IFN-τ mRNA expression in IVF or in vivo -produced bovine blastocysts. 相似文献
19.
R. Cochran M. Meintjes B. Reggio D. Hylan J. Carter C. Pinto D. Paccamonti R.A. Godke 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1998,18(11):736-740
Recently, in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the horse has met with less than anticipated results. Various problems associated with equine IVF include: (1) the inability to collect large numbers of good quality oocytes, (2) the alteration of the zona pellucida associated with in vitro maturation of equine oocytes, and (3) the improper preparation of equine sperm cells for IVF of these oocytes. Therefore, this study was conducted to achieve fertilization via sperm injection of equine oocytes and to produce live offspring from this IVF procedure. Oocytes were collected by transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval procedures from early pregnant mares of mixed breeds (day 14 to day 70 of pregnancy) and were matured in vitro and subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Injected oocytes were then cultured for 48 hours in either TCM-199 or P-1 medium (glucose and phosphate-free medium) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. Cleavage rates for embryos cultured in the two culture media were different (47% vs. 63% in TCM-199 and P-1, respectively). Also, four Grade 1 embryos were surgically transferred into the oviducts of four recipient mares (one embryo/mare) at 48 hours post-ICSI, with three pregnancies (75%) developing as ultrasonically demonstrated by the presence of an embryonic vesicle in the uterine body by day 16 post-ICSI. On June 23rd one live filly was born after 328 days of gestation and subsequently, a second healthy filly was born after 319 days of gestation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of live foals resulting from in vitro fertilization (via ICSI) of in vitro matured oocytes recovered from pregnant mares using an efficient, repeatable transvaginal ultrasound-guided procedure. 相似文献
20.
Previous studies on embryonic and fetal growth in sheep were mostly transversal using animals killed at various stages of gestation. Until now it was difficult to monitor the development of individual embryos/foetuses during pregnancy, especially during the first and second pregnancy month. Real-time ultrasound as a non invasive method could be an appropriate method for examination of embryonic and early foetal development in sheep. The aim of this study was to determine the embryonic and foetal development of the crown-rump-length (CRL) in pregnant ewes in relation to the number of fetuses and/or the breed. Between the 20th and 50th day of pregnancy the embryos/foetuses showed an exponential growth which can be best described by the equation of the form CRL (mm) = W * exp (k * day of pregnancy). The individual variability in embryofetal growth is in part due to the number of embryos per sheep and the sheep breed. 相似文献