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浙江省水稻二化螟抗药性现状与治理对策 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
二化螟是浙江省水稻的主要害虫。由于连续使用杀虫双超过20a，三唑磷10a防治二化螟，致使二化螟对杀虫单(杀虫双)普遍产生抗药性。1999年测定抗性增加67～587倍，达到高抗和极高抗水平；二化螟对三唑磷在温州和台州等局部地区也达到了68～162倍的高抗水平。为治理二化螟抗药性，必须加强对害虫抗药性的监测，在高抗药性地区停止使用杀虫单(杀虫双)和三唑磷防治二化螟；在低抗药性和敏感地区也应减少使用次数和用量，达到延缓抗药性产生的目的。 相似文献
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水稻二化螟,俗称钻心虫,是赤壁市水稻常发、重发虫害之一,常年发生面积达到2.67万hm2次以上,一般年份对我市水稻产量造成的损失在3%以上,随着全市农药使用量逐年加大,致使二化螟抗药性迅速上升。因此进行本试验,以探索出二化螟的综合防治措施。 相似文献
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二化螟是我县水稻生产上的重要害虫，年年中等偏重至重发生，给该县的粮食生产造成重大损失．长期以来，群众一直采用化学方法进行防治，取得了良好的防治效果，但是，由于长期使用化学药剂进行防治，二化螟已经产生抗药性．导致用药量增加，防冶成本加大，防治效果下降。为了了解二化螟抗药性现状，我们对其进行了抗药性测定并针对测定过程中应该注意的事项进行归纳总结，供大家参考，具体为要做到“九要”：1．药剂要原药．供试药剂应使用原药，有效成份经过精确 相似文献
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20 0 2年应用点滴法普查了江苏常熟、锡山、武进、句容、姜堰、高邮、楚州、宿豫、灌云及连云港 10县 (市 ) 12个二化螟种群 4龄幼虫对 4种 (类 )杀虫剂的抗药性。结果表明 ,供试种群对沙蚕毒素类农药杀虫单已普遍产生抗性 ,且苏南种群的抗性水平高于苏北 ,常熟为最高 ( 16倍 ) ;对有机磷类农药三唑磷苏南地区种群为低水平抗性 ,其他地区均属敏感水平。目前二化螟供试种群对苯基吡唑类农药氟虫腈和抗生素类农药阿维菌素未产生抗药性。本文还对二化螟抗性治理对策进行了讨论。 相似文献
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在实践总结的基础上,提出和分析比较了水稻二化螟抗药性监测工作中的试虫准备、试剂配制,数据分析的方法,可为开展此项工作提供借鉴。 相似文献
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新型双酰胺类杀虫剂已广泛用于保障水稻生产,而二化螟作为危害水稻生产的钻蛀性害虫,已经对该类杀虫剂产生了抗性,明确该类杀虫剂抗性分子机制,可为二化螟抗性快速检测和绿色防控提供技术支撑。本文在总结二化螟对双酰胺类杀虫剂抗性现状的基础上,重点综述了近年来有关其抗性分子机制研究的进展,主要包括解毒酶和转运蛋白基因过表达介导的代谢抗性,以及鱼尼丁受体基因突变介导的靶标抗性;指出了该研究领域在抗性分子检测、抗性新基因鉴定、抗性基因调控网络和多重抗性机制等方面存在的问题,并展望了其发展方向,认为：利用高通量测序技术检测害虫种群抗药性;利用多组学技术鉴定新抗性基因及调控网络,以探明多重抗性机制;将反向遗传学工具放射性配基结合及电生理技术深入验证抗性基因功能;需开发靶向抗性基因的dsRNA转基因作物、纳米农药及选择性新型化学杀虫剂,以达到杀虫剂减施增效的目的。 相似文献
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15%阿维·毒乳油防治水稻二化螟田间药效试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
进行了15%阿维菌素·毒死蜱乳油防治水稻二化螟田间药效试验,结果表明,该药剂能有效防治水稻二化螟,每667㎡用40～80ml喷雾防治,药后20 d防治效果达76.24%～98.66%,防治效果随用药量的增加而提高,且对试验作物安全。 相似文献
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Raul Narciso C Guedes 《Pest management science》2017,73(3):479-484
Insecticide resistance is a broadly recognized ecological backlash resulting from insecticide use and is widely reported among arthropod pest species with well‐recognized underlying mechanisms and consequences. Nonetheless, insecticide resistance is the subject of evolving conceptual views that introduces a different concept useful if recognized in its own right – the risk or likelihood of control failure. Here we suggest an experimental approach to assess the likelihood of control failure of an insecticide allowing for consistent decision‐making regarding management of insecticide resistance. We also challenge the current emphasis on limited spatial sampling of arthropod populations for resistance diagnosis in favor of comprehensive spatial sampling. This necessarily requires larger population sampling – aiming to use spatial analysis in area‐wide surveys – to recognize focal points of insecticide resistance and/or control failure that will better direct management efforts. The continuous geographical scale of such surveys will depend on the arthropod pest species, the pattern of insecticide use and many other potential factors. Regardless, distance dependence among sampling sites should still hold, following the maxim that the closer two things are, the more they resemble each other, which is the basis of Tobler's First Law of Geography. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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基于兼治水稻害虫二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱的杀虫单剂缺乏的现状,2014-2015年采用田间小区试验评价了三氟苯嘧啶与氯虫苯甲酰胺、溴氰虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、茚虫威、阿维菌素或甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐混配以及吡蚜酮与氯虫苯甲酰胺混配对以上几种害虫的防治效果。结果表明,三氟苯嘧啶与氯虫苯甲酰胺混配最为理想,能有效控制二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱为害;药后14~21d对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果分别为89.40%~93.62%和86.57%~90.81%,药后42d对稻飞虱的防治效果为77.60%~82.24%。其次为三氟苯嘧啶与溴氰虫酰胺混配,对二化螟和稻飞虱高效且兼治稻纵卷叶螟;药后14~21d对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果分别为80.43%~86.75%和67.31%~75.30%,药后42d对稻飞虱的防治效果为79.07%~84.30%。三氟苯嘧啶与甲氧虫酰肼、茚虫威、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐或阿维菌素混配对稻飞虱高效,但难以有效控制二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟为害。而吡蚜酮与氯虫苯甲酰胺混配对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟高效,但后期对稻飞虱的控制作用一般。在水稻生产实践中,使用三氟苯嘧啶与氯虫苯甲酰胺或溴氰虫酰胺混配,可有效控制二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟及稻飞虱为害。 相似文献
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江苏省水稻二化螟的抗药性测定及对甲胺磷的抗性机制 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
采用3龄幼虫点滴法测定了江苏省水稻二化螟对杀虫单和甲胺磷的抗性水平，并就二化螟对甲胺磷产生抗性的机制进行了研究，结果表明，高淳和徐州二化螟种群对杀虫单已达高抗水平，其它地区也表现为中等抗生，在所测定的6个种群中，苏州种群对甲胺磷处于低抗水平，其它种群为中抗种群，澌知体增效作用表明，氧化胡椒基丁醚（PBO）对甲胺磷有明显的增效作用，磷酸三苯酯（TPP）和顺丁烯酸二乙酸（DEM）的增效作用不明显，对离体解毒酶的研究表明，R种群幼虫多功能氧化酶（MFO）的O-脱甲基作用的活力比S幼虫高，R幼虫乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE)的活力与S幼虫无显著差异。以甲胺磷为抑制剂的R幼虫I50是S幼虫的2.52倍，二化螟对甲胺磷的抗性机理可能与MFO的O-脱甲基作用活力增矿山和AChE的敏感性降低有关。 相似文献
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浙江省二化螟不同种群和大螟对三唑磷的敏感性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
于2004年用点滴法测定了浙江杭州地区(富阳和余杭)和嘉兴地区(平湖、秀城和秀洲)二化螟、杭州富阳大螟等种群4龄幼虫对三唑磷的敏感性,以及各种群体内与抗药性相关酶系(多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶等)的比活力。结果证实上述地区二化螟种群对三唑磷产生了21.1~218.8倍的抗性,其中以富阳和平湖种群的抗性水平较高。二化螟体内多功能氧化酶活性与三唑磷抗性水平呈显著正相关,而乙酰胆碱酯酶活性则呈显著负相关,表明二化螟对三唑磷的抗性可能与多功能氧化酶活性增强和乙酰胆碱酯酶敏感性降低有关。大螟富阳种群对三唑磷的敏感性明显高于二化螟富阳种群,其抗性机制还有待研究。 相似文献
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He YP Gao CF Chen WM Huang LQ Zhou WJ Liu XG Shen JL Zhu YC 《Pest management science》2008,64(3):308-315
BACKGROUND: Chemical control is a major strategy for suppressing the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Owing to their high toxicity and increasing resistance development in the target insect, many insecticides will be phased out entirely in 2007 in China. Alternatives with relatively low toxicity are urgently needed to replace traditional chemicals for rice stem borer control. In this study, the authors examined four field populations of C. suppressalis for their toxicological responses to more than 20 insecticides, including a few low-toxicity organophosphates and many novel pesticides. Interpopulation resistance levels to 12 conventional insecticides were also compared. RESULTS: Based on LD(50) values, the rice stem borer was most sensitive to avermectins and fipronil (LD(50) < 1 ng larva(-1)). The stem borers exhibited the least sensitivity to endosulfan (LD(50) > 100 ng larva(-1)) and monosultap (LD(50) > 1000 ng larva(-1)). Insect growth regulators and chitin synthase inhibitors showed great efficacy against C. suppressalis, especially against populations that had developed resistance to conventional insecticides. Four field populations showed variable tolerance levels to many insecticides. LYG05 was the most susceptible population, only with a low level of resistance to monosultap (RR = 6.6). NC05 and GL05 populations exhibited intermediate tolerance levels with RR values up to 20.4 and 52.8 respectively. RA05 was the most resistant population to many insecticides, with resistance ratios up to 76.2. CONCLUSION: The results from this study provide valuable information for selection and adoption of new alternative insecticides and for resistance management of the rice stem borer. 相似文献
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Experiments were done on commercial potato crops in the UK to investigate the effect of different insecticide sequences on the control and insecticide resistance status of Myzus persicae (Sulzer). The work was done to provide field validation of similar laboratory studies done in 'field simulators'. To ensure adequate aphid populations and to influence the initial resistance status of the aphid population, cultured M. persicae from a clone of known resistance status (esterase R1, kdr heterozygote, non-MACE (modified acetylcholinesterase)) were inoculated into both experiments. Two-spray programmes starting with lambda-cyhalothrin (a pyrethroid insecticide) gave poor control in comparison with programmes starting with pirimicarb (a carbamate insecticide) or pirimicarb-containing mixtures. This concurred closely with the results obtained from single applications in field simulator studies. Treatment sequences containing pymetrozine (a pyridine azomethine insecticide) were also effective, though slower-acting. This again concurs with field simulator studies. The proportions of aphids carrying different resistance mechanisms were largely unaffected by treatment in these experiments. The implications of these results for field control strategies are discussed. 相似文献