共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
为了筛选与面条色泽相关的小麦籽粒性状,以陕西关中及河南豫北农户大田种植的80份小麦品种为材料,研究面条放置0h、24h时的色泽特性、不同时间面条色泽之间的关系,及其与小麦品种品质性状的关系。结果显示,鲜面条恒温(25℃)放置24h后,面条色泽L*值显著下降,a*值和b*值显著升高;0h面条色泽L*值、a*值、b*值与24h面条色泽均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),鲜面条色泽可以预测放置后面条的色泽。逐步回归分析结果表明,籽粒容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面粉色泽L*值、弱化度等决定面条色泽L*值57.5%的变异;面粉色泽b*值、拉伸阻力决定面条色泽b*值51.1%的变异。面粉色泽与鲜面条色泽呈正相关关系。籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量与鲜面条色泽L*值呈负相关关系。面粉色泽、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量是影响面条色泽的主要品质性状。 相似文献
2.
选用面粉色泽性状差别较大的16个不同品种（系）在山东省8个不同的生态类型区种植，分析了小麦主要品质性状和面粉色泽，以研究这些品质性状与面粉色泽的关系。结果表明，面粉R457白度与面粉色泽亮度（L^＊值）、面粉色泽红度（α^＊值）呈极显著正相关，与面粉色泽黄度（b^＊值）呈极显著负相关，面粉色泽亮度（L^＊值）和面粉色泽红度（α^＊值）与面粉色泽黄度（b^＊值）呈极显著负相关。面粉R457白度和面粉色泽亮度（L^＊值）均与淀粉含量呈极显著正相关。与籽粒硬度、面粉颗粒度、蛋白质含量、灰分含量和类胡萝卜素含量呈极显著负相关，面粉R457白度与出粉率呈显著负相关。籽粒硬度和蛋白质含量共同决定了面粉R457白度变异的81．9％。而面粉颗粒度、蛋白质含量和灰分含量共同决定了面粉色泽亮度（L^＊值）变异的94．5％。面粉色泽红度（α^＊值）与各面粉品质指标的相关性均未达到显著水平。面粉色泽黄度（b^＊值）与籽粒硬度、面粉颗粒度、蛋白质含量、灰分含量、类胡萝卜素含量呈极显著正相关．与淀粉含量呈极显著负相关。硬度、出粉率和蛋白质含量可以解释面粉色泽黄度（b^＊值）变异的75％ 相似文献
3.
小麦籽粒品质、高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成类型与面筋质量相关性的研究 总被引：4，自引：7，他引：4
为了探讨预到面筋质量的方法,以40个小麦品种(系)为材料,研究了其籽粒品质、HMW—GS组成与面筋含量、面筋指数的相关性。结果表明,小麦籽粒硬度、容重与面筋指数,蛋白质含量与湿、干面筋含量、面筋指数均呈显著或极显著的正相关(r＝0．3708～0．5791);千粒重与面筋指数呈显著负相关(r＝-0．3306);角质率与面筋指数虽有一定的正相关,但相关不显著;籽粒硬度、角质率、千粒重和客重与湿(干)面筋含量没有明显的相关。含有5 10、14 15亚基的品种一般具有较好的面筋质量(但这并不是绝对的)。因此,可利用小麦籽粒硬度、容重、蛋白质含量和千粒重来预到面筋质量的优劣。 相似文献
4.
为明确小麦面粉及鲜面片色泽的影响因素,选取10个江苏沿淮及淮南地区大面积推广小麦品种进行2年3点种植,比较不同品种、不同地点和不同年份面粉及鲜面片色泽差异并分析其影响因素,探讨面粉及鲜面片色泽与品质性状间的相关性。结果表明,扬麦11、扬辐麦4号和宁麦14的面粉及鲜面片色泽较好,亮度高、黄度低。基因型是决定面粉白度、亮度(L~*值)和黄度(b~*值)的主要因素;环境因素亦影响面粉及鲜面片色泽。扬麦16、宁麦14和郑麦9023在不同年度及不同地点的色泽表现稳定。面粉与鲜面片放置24h内的色泽间呈显著正相关;面粉白度与籽粒硬度和出粉率呈极显著负相关;面粉及鲜面片L~*值与蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、揉混仪参数和粉质仪参数呈显著或极显著负相关,与糊化特性参数呈显著或极显著正相关。综上所述,面粉色泽主要由基因型决定,鲜面片色泽与面粉色泽显著相关,二者与籽粒品质具有显著相关性。在小麦育种中,可通过面粉色泽指标筛选高白度及品质的品种。 相似文献
5.
为明确安徽大田生产环境下软质小麦籽粒和终端产品品质表现,评价优质软麦品种的加工适用性,本研究选取该区当前推广种植的24个软质小麦品种,对其籽粒和面粉的主要品质性状及其制品南方馒头和曲奇饼干的品质进行差异性、相关性分析,并以美国软白麦近五年的主要品质性状平均值为理想指标进行灰色关联度比较。结果表明,供试材料的硬度、面粉色泽b*、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间等籽粒品质性状变异系数较大,而容重、面粉L*值和吸水率变异系数较小。南方馒头品质性状中,白度差异最小,比容差异最大;曲奇饼干品质性状中,感官评分变异系数较大,饼干直径均值和变异系数都较小。蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间均符合弱筋标准(GB/T 17320-2013)的样品数为0。相关分析表明,容重、降落值、面粉L*、b*、白度与大部分性状间相关性不显著;籽粒硬度与水SRC和乳酸SRC均呈显著正相关,与湿面筋含量和面粉a*值均呈显著负相关。蛋白质含量与面粉a*值等7个指标均呈显著正相关,与面粉b 相似文献
6.
为了解河北省主推强筋小麦品种的籽粒品质和面包加工品质,评选优质面包小麦品种,对河北省9个强筋小麦品种的31个籽粒品质和8个面包加工品质指标进行了测定。结果表明,除千粒重、容重、籽粒硬度、出粉率、面粉色泽L*值、面粉色泽b*值、面粉白度、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、糊化温度、吸水率外,其余被测指标的变异系数均大于10%,说明河北省强筋小麦品种多数品质性状的遗传多样性比较丰富。藁优9415、冀师02-1、藁优2018和金麦1号4个小麦品种制作的面包达到国家优质面包标准。面包评分与面团拉伸曲线面积和最大拉伸阻力极显著正相关,与形成时间、稳定时间、粉质质量指数、延伸度和拉伸阻力显著正相关,与面包质构的粘聚性极显著正相关,与面包质构的硬度、胶着性、咀嚼度、坚实度均极显著负相关。 相似文献
7.
小麦面粉特性与饺子品质关系研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为给饺子专用小麦品种的品质改良提供参考依据,选用黄淮麦区的主要品种（系）24份,研究了面粉蛋白质含量、灰分含量、粉质和快速黏度分析仪（RVA）参数对饺子皮颜色和感官评价的影响。结果表明,面粉品质性状对鲜饺子皮颜色的影响大于熟饺子皮,面粉灰分含量与24 h鲜饺子皮亮度L*值呈极显著负相关（r=-0.53）,蛋白质含量与0 h鲜饺子皮亮度L*值呈显著负相关（r=-0.46）。形成时间和稀懈值对0 h鲜饺子皮红度a*值有显著正向影响（r=0.49和0.47）,最终黏度对0 h鲜饺子皮红度a*值有显著负向影响（r=-0.43）。吸水率对24 h鲜饺子皮黄度b*值有显著正向影响（r=0.49）,耐揉指数对24 h鲜饺子皮的b*值有极显著负向影响（r=-0.75）。粉质仪和RVA参数对饺子皮感官评价有显著影响,其中耐揉指数与饺子皮表面状况和风味呈极显著负相关（r=-0.64和-0.61）,与饺子皮弹性和总分呈显著负相关（r=-0.42和-0.49）,形成时间与饺子皮硬度呈显著负相关（r=-0.41）,反弹值与饺子皮弹性呈极显著负相关（r=-0.57）,峰值黏度与饺子皮弹性和光滑性呈显著正相关（r=0.42和0.41）,稀懈值与饺子皮光滑性呈显著正相关（r=0.43）。制作优质饺子要求面粉具备相对较低的蛋白含量、灰分含量、耐揉指数、形成时间和反弹值,相对较高的峰值黏度和稀懈值。 相似文献
8.
为了给新疆冬小麦品种拉面品质改良提供理论依据,选用109份新疆冬小麦品种资源为试验材料,分析籽粒性状和磨粉品质与新疆拉面品质的关系.结果表明,籽粒性状中,千粒重与拉面手感、表观状态、光滑性显著正相关;籽粒硬度与适口性显著正相关;蛋白质含量与表观状态、黏弹性、光滑性、食味、拉面总分极显著负相关.磨粉品质中,出粉率与适口性显著正相关;灰分含量与食味显著负相关;L*值与适口性显著负相关;a*值与拉面手感、黏弹性、色泽、拉面总分显著正相关;b*值与拉面手感、黏弹性、光滑性、拉面总分显著负相关,与色泽极显著负相关.总体来看,籽粒蛋白质含量和面粉色泽是影响新疆拉面品质的重要籽粒性状和磨粉品质.其中籽粒蛋白质含量和面粉黄度(b*值)与新疆拉面评分呈显著线性负相关关系.因此,在优质新疆拉面冬小麦品种选育中,籽粒蛋白质含量应保持适当范围,并降低面粉黄度(b*值),从而达到改善新疆拉面品质的目的.对优质新疆拉面冬小麦品种资源的籽粒性状和磨粉品质进行综合分析后认为,优质新疆拉面冬小麦品种品质性状的指标为:千粒重≥40.34 g,粒径≥2.77 mm,籽粒硬度≥63.78,容重≥779.85 g·L-1,蛋白质含量(14％水分基)14.27％～16.90％,出粉率≥61.91％,灰分含量(14％水分基)≤0.45％,L*值≥90.87,a*值≥-1.16,b*值≤10.01. 相似文献
9.
为给春小麦优质栽培提供依据,以优质春小麦品种龙麦26为材料,分析了不同种植密度下施肥量对强筋春小麦品质形成的调控效应。结果表明,随种植密度的增加,千粒重降低,而籽粒容重增大。种植密度对籽粒蛋白质含量、面筋含量以及面粉品质和面团流变学特性无显著影响。适当增加施肥量可以提高小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和面筋含量,增加沉淀值,改善面粉降落值,提高吸水率,延长面团的形成时间和稳定时间,但对面团的拉伸特性影响不大,并降低了容重和千粒重。 相似文献
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11.
Stir-frying, similar to roasting, is a key step for oat milling process in China. The oat flour milling yield of Bayou No.2 and Bayou No.8 and their corresponding flour quality were investigated under different processing conditions (160 °C, for 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 min). Results showed that oat flour milling yield was increased after stir-frying, Bayou No.2 and Bayou No.8 reached the highest yield after a 10 min and 20 min of stir-frying, which were 45.40% and 52.96%, respectively. With the increasing of stir-frying time, the gelatinization degree and the particle size of oat flour gradually increased, while their angle of repose and L* values were reduced. RVA studies showed that the stir-fried oat flour exhibited lower peak, trough, breakdown and setback viscosities compared to not stir-fried oat flour, indicating that stir-fried oat flour formed a more stable network structure and stir-frying induced an inhibitory effect on the retrogradation of oat flour paste. Rheological analysis suggested that the low tanδ of stir-fried oat flour than that of not stir-fried oat flour, revealing that the stir-fried oat flour paste exhibited more elastic but less viscous behavior. 相似文献
12.
J. O. Akingbala G. B. Oguntimein A. O. Sobande 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(1):73-80
Yam flour was substituted 10, 20 and 40% with defatted and full fat soy flour. The effect of the substitution on the proximate composition, swelling power, solubility, water binding capacity and Brabender visco amylograph cooking properties of the yam flour and acceptability of the cooked paste (amala), were evaluated. Protein contents of the mixtures were 23.0 and 25.5% on substituting 40% full-and defated soy flours for yam flour; ash and crude fibre contents increased while carbohydrate content, swelling power, Brabender paste viscosities decreased with increase in soy flour substitution of yam flour. Colour, texture, taste and overall acceptability of pastes (amala) from the mixed flours were rated lower than that of yam flour. Up to 10% defated and 20% full fat soy flour substitution for yam flour was acceptable for amala. 相似文献
13.
DH20, a new wheat mutant missing low-molecular weight glutenin subunits encoded by the Glu-B3 locus, was discovered among double haploid lines obtained from a cross between the Korean wheat cultivars Keumkang and Olgeuru. Absence of the Glu-B3 LMW-GS proteins was determined by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and confirmed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The deletion of Glu-B3 genes was also demonstrated using allele specific DNA markers. Basic agronomic traits, protein content, dough mixing properties and bread loaf volume of DH20 and parental wheat cultivars were evaluated in field-grown wheat over a two year period. This mutant is a valuable resource for understanding the function of individual LMW-GS alleles or genes at the Glu-B3 locus using either breeding or biotechnology approaches. 相似文献
14.
北京市售小麦面粉的品质性状评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解北京市场上出售的小麦面粉的品质状况,2004年从北京市场上抽取17个品牌的面粉对其主要品质性状进行了测试与评价。结果表明,（1）目前北京市售面粉多属特制一级粉,加工水平明显提高,用途也各有所偏重。湿面筋含量、吸水率、面团稳定时间和最大拉伸阻力的平均值已达到甚至超过了家庭面食加工的基本要求,但沉淀值和延伸度整体水平偏低。（2）市售面粉不仅不同品质性状的这标情况不平衡,而且加工精度和标注用途相近的面粉其品质性状尤其是面团稳定时间和最大拉伸阻力也存在明显差异,推测部分面粉的一些性状可能受到了面粉添加剂的强化。（3）面团稳定时间、最大拉伸阻力和面筋指数等与其它多个性状密切相关,但干面筋含量、吸水率、戊聚糖含量和沉淀值等和其他性状相关不密切,相对独立,可在更大程度上反映面粉品质的基础状况。（4）建议进一步加强品质育种工作,从基础上改善面粉的加工品质,同时还应注意配粉的研究。 相似文献
15.
Amanda B. Dias Carmen M.O. MüllerFábio D.S. Larotonda João B. Laurindo 《Journal of Cereal Science》2010
Rice flour is a starchy material with low-cost, because it can be produced from rice that is broken during processing. The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films based on rice starch and rice flour, and to characterize their physicochemical, microscopic and mechanical properties. Films from rice starch and rice flour were prepared by casting, with glycerol or sorbitol as plasticizer. SEM analysis of starch and flour films revealed compact structures. Rice flour films prepared in the present work have similar mechanical properties to those of starch based films. However, their water vapor permeabilities are two times higher than those of starch based films. Films with sorbitol were less permeable to water and more rigid, while films with glycerol are more plasticized and have poorer water vapor barrier properties. Therefore, preparing edible films from rice flour is a new alternative for using this raw material, which is sometimes much cheaper than commercial starches. 相似文献
16.
小麦面粉白度研究进展 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
本文综述了小麦面粉白度的变异范围、影响小麦面粉白度的遗传因素和非遗传因素、小麦面粉白度的测定及表示方法、研究小麦面粉白度的意义以及面粉白度与食品品质的关系 ,提出了小麦面粉白度改良的研究重点即加强遗传规律的研究、以白度为指标的种质资源的筛选、收集和保存、以白度为主要品质指标的品种布局的区域化和优质栽培的研究 ,同时在注意白度品质时要兼顾其它品质性状。并区别了白度、颜色和色泽 3个不同的概念 相似文献
17.
Whole-grain bakery products and cereals are valuable sources of dietary fiber, vitamins, and trace elements. However, the presence of phytate, could decreases mineral bioavailability due to its chelating properties. In this study, the effect of fermentation and baking on the phytate content of different bakery products was measured by HPLC; the mineral availability in bakery products during processing was investigated by measuring solubility and dialysis, as well as the mineral uptake and transport by Caco-2 cells after in vitro digestion. Raw materials showed the highest amount of phytate, causing an important effect on the stage of processing. The solubility and dialyzability of iron increased with fermentation, meanwhile calcium and zinc showed a high variability depending on the product analyzed. After baking, the dialyzability of minerals increased with respect to the fermented dough in most cases. The highest uptake and transport efficiency of iron and calcium in cells corresponded to dough after fermentation of wheat flour with respect to the baked samples. For zinc, no differences were observed between fermented dough and after baking on uptake and transport efficiencies. This study showed that in vitro mineral availability of bakery products is influenced by the stage of processing and ingredients used. 相似文献
18.
A method for the fractionation of wheat, rye, and barley flours without using aqueous solvents was developed. The separation of protein and starch was based on differences in their densities. Therefore, ball-milled flour was suspended in a mixture of inert solvents (toluene/tetrachoroethene) with a density of 1.47 g/cm3 and centrifuged. Owing to its higher density, the starch fraction was obtained as sediment whereas the protein fraction (PF) formed a layer on the surface of the solvent because of its lower density. The PF was enriched in a solvent mixture with a density of 1.355 g/cm3 yielding a middle fraction (sediment) and the enriched PF (upper layer). The latter was then defatted with toluene (0.87 g/cm) providing a lipid fraction in addition. The influence of ball milling under air or in the sedimentation solvent on the yield and the purity of the fractions was studied. Three varieties of wheat, and one rye and barley variety were fractionated by the optimised method and the obtained fractions were characterised by chemical methods e.g. gel permeation chromatography, SDS electrophoresis, and a combined extraction/HPLC method. 相似文献
19.
为给小麦品质评价中实验室制粉环节的规范化提供参考依据,选用不同实验室的5台布勒实验磨,比较了不同实验磨对小麦品质测定结果的影响。结果表明,不同实验磨对3种不同类型(强筋、中筋和弱筋)小麦的出粉率、面粉灰分、蛋白质、破损淀粉含量、吸水率、拉伸面积、延伸性和最大抗延阻力的测定结果影响显著(P<0.05),对弱筋小麦(郑麦004)湿面筋含量和稳定时间的测定结果影响不显著。本研究结果说明,定期校准布勒实验磨对实验室之间小麦品质测定结果的相互引用具有重要意义。 相似文献