共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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毛乌素沙地飞播植被演替的阶段与速度 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
毛乌素沙地飞播植物的演替，可分为３个时期或阶段。第１阶段为飞播植物群落阶段；第２阶段为飞播植物＋天然植物或飞播植物＋油蒿群落阶段；第３阶段为天然植物群落阶段或油蒿群落阶段。从各阶段所能维持的时间或演替的速度来看，毛乌素流动沙地飞播以后，飞播植物占优势的阶段最大不超过２０年，飞播植物群落阶段和飞播植物与油蒿共同占优势的时间最大不超过３５年。也就是说，３５年以后，天然植物油蒿在群落中占绝对优势，而飞播植物仅作为伴生种存在。 相似文献
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水文对森林植物群落的类型、结构、生活型谱、排序和动态做了初步研究。结果表明:森林植物群落分2个植被型,4个群系,19个群丛组;群落垂直结构分乔术、灌木、草本3层,植物组成分属于34科、76属108种;群落生活型谱反映了气候条件;群落排序结果满意;顶极植物群落为松栎林,山杨、白桦林将为辽东栎林演替,油松林与山杨林、白桦林之间的动态演替关系值得进一步研究。 相似文献
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姑婆山天然植被的种群组成和群落演替分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在野外调查的基础上,对姑婆山天然植被的种群组成和群落演替进行了研究。结果表明:在调查区共有植物92种,隶属于48科71属;用重要值指数分析各演替阶段中的优势种群可知各阶段的优势种没有显著的变化(草丛阶段除外),不少种类在2个或3个演替阶段中均为优势种,优势种的更替呈现一定的连续性,体现了群落演替主要表征为优势层及优势种的更替;对各演替阶段物种多样性进行测定,其多样性指数变化为常绿落叶混交林>常绿阔叶林>灌丛群落>草丛群落。在物种多样性预测演替顺序的基础上,利用演替指数法及演替度法,从群落物种多样性、植物种群优势度及相对频度等多方面来论证各阶段演替的顺序,证明各阶段演替顺序为:草丛阶段—灌丛阶段—常绿阔叶混交林阶段—常绿阔叶林阶段。 相似文献
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《四川林业科技》2017,(6)
通过实地调查的方法,调查了四川盆地西北部磷矿废弃采石场的植被组成和自然演替情况。结果表明:该地自然定居植物共46种,隶属于20科37属,以菊科(12种)、禾本科(9种)最多。废弃地的初期演替状态可以总结为:裸地→草丛→草灌丛→灌丛,在演替早期(10 a),植被主要物种多为以禾本科和菊科植物为主体的先锋植物群落,演替中期(10 a~20 a)的植物群落构成则较为稳定的草本灌木优势群落,而到了演替后期(20 a~30 a),植物群落则形成了大量的灌丛。随着演替过程的进行,植物的多样性总体呈现逐渐增长的趋势,草本植物多样性相对稳定,而木本植物多样性呈现显著增加的趋势。本研究发现磷矿废弃地自然演替过程和植物多样性变化与其他矿种废弃地的植被演替是类似的,说明不同矿种废弃地的初期植被演替过程是大体一致的。 相似文献
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指出了湖南仙庾岭风景名胜区属于中亚热带丘陵地区,地带性典型植物群落为常绿阔叶林。对景区总体植物群落类型及其结构、种类组成进行了调查研究,结果表明:秋色叶植物群落可以划分为5类:香樟·枫香群落、枫香群落、檫木群落、白栎群落、山乌桕群落,通过分析各典型群落的种类组成、结构特征及景观特征,为选择和合理运用秋色叶树种资源、山林植物景观修复提供依据,有助于该区系中亚热带含有常绿成分的落叶林植被的演替研究。 相似文献
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长江口北支湿地植物多样性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对长江口北支湿地植物资源野外调查的基础上,分析了种子植物的物种组成、区系特征、湿地植物群落类型及其特征和典型湿地植物群落多样性。研究结果表明：长江口北支湿地分布有种子植物57科157属212种,其中裸子植物5科6属6种,被子植物52科151属206种（包括单子叶植物8科31属37种,双子叶植物44科120属169种）,主要由草本植物组成。野生植物区系简单,植被演替还处在初级阶段,以湿生的和水生高等草本植物为主,世界广布和泛热带分布型占主导;菊科、禾本科、豆科为植物区系的骨干。海三棱蔗草群落、藤草群落、芦苇群落、大米草群落为该区四种典型湿地植物群落,群落的单纯度指数除芦苇群落的较低外,其他三种群落均很高,物种多样性指数、物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数除芦苇群落的较高外,其他三种群落均很低,验证了物种多样性与物种丰富度、均匀度呈正相关,与单纯度呈负相关的结论。 相似文献
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山东湿地植被组成规律的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
山东湿地共分布湿地高等维管植物70科277种、苔藓植物12科24种,在植物种类组成上以莎草科和禾本科等种最为丰富。植被类型分灌丛、灌草丛、草甸、盐生、沙生、沼生和水生植被等7种植被类型。湿地植被的分布既受地理位置、气候、海拔等影响,又受制于水分、土壤和土壤含盐量等因素。湿地演替可以表示为植物群落的演替过程,即随着湿地的发育,特别是土壤水分和营养的变化,导致植物种类和群落发生改变的过程。湿地植物群落演替是气候、水文以及地貌、土壤等自然要素综合作用的结果,客观反映了湿地的形成、发育与演替过程。 相似文献
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Assessing the characteristics of seed supply will be vital to better understand the dynamics of forest regeneration. In this study, we surveyed the aboveground vegetation, the seed rain, the seed bank, and natural seedling emergence in four typical 24-year-old plantations (eucalyptus, mixed-native, mixed-legume, and mixed-conifer) and a naturally successioned shrubland in southern China. The dominant species in the understory were similar among the five plant communities. The seed rain and the seed bank were dominated by shrubs and herbs but indigenous tree species were rare. Species that were common to all five-plant communities represented a great proportion of the seeds in the seed rain and seed bank. The seed rain consisted mostly of seeds derived from the local plant community. Seed abundance was greater in the seed bank than in the seed rain, and species richness was greater in the seed bank and in the corresponding plant community than in the seed rain. Species composition similarity between the seed rain, the seed bank, and the aboveground vegetation was low, because the seed rain contained much fewer species, and the seed bank and aboveground vegetation contained many different species, respectively. These findings indicate that both the seed rain and the seed bank play important roles in providing seeds for plant recruitment in the understory, but the seed bank contributes more than the current seed rain to the diversity of recruited plants. The current plant community has little impact on the qualitative composition of the seed rain and seed bank. Based on these data, it appears that succession to the desired zonal, mature forest community is unlikely to result from seeds in the seed rain or seed bank. Lack of seed availability of desired zonal mature forest species is the main bottleneck currently limiting succession in the plantations. Reintroduction of late-successional species could facilitate the desired succession. 相似文献
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以上海市佘山国家森林公园主要森林植被类型的群落学调查资料为基础,通过应用群落相似性和物种多样性测度方法进行计算分析,对该区域的主要森林群落类型、植物多样性特征及其演替趋势进行了分析研究。结果表明:佘山国家森林公园主要由白栎林、毛竹林、香樟林、朴树-榉树林、朴树-刺槐林、梧桐林和枫香-刺槐林等7种森林类型组成; 现有森林植被的植物多样性明显低于邻近的浙江地区,其树种组成也明显偏重于落叶树种,以榆科植物、壳斗科栎类树种为主,而常绿树种则只有香樟、苦槠、毛竹、女贞等少数几个建群种;从森林演替趋势看,未来上海佘山地区的森林主要为三大类:以白栎为主的地带性森林群落,毛竹林和以樟科、榆科、木犀科等科树种组成的常绿、落叶混交林。 相似文献
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不同植被类型蛾类及植物相似性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对紫金山不同植被类型植物种类及蛾类群落结构、时空动态进行了调查,运用jaccard相似性分析方法对不同植被类型植物种类、蛾类种的相似性进行了分析,并在植物及蛾类的相似性之间进行了分析探讨。结果表明：紫金山植物种类丰富,植物分布特别是草本植物分布对环境有较强的依赖性。蛾类种亦丰富,有蛾类28科494种,各植被类型植物种类与蛾类种、数量呈正相关,生态环境及植物群落的差异是导致紫金山蛾类群落结构差别的主要因素;紫金山蛾类多食性种较多。紫金山针阔混交林和阔叶林、针阔混交林和针叶林亲缘关系较近,验证了紫金山针阔混交林是由针叶林衰退的基础上自然演替或是人工干预发展而成的,最后将演替成含有常绿成份的落叶阔叶林,各植被类型处于演替的不同阶段,竹林受人为干扰最大。 相似文献
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木荷天然林与人工林群落结构特征比较 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过样地法群落调查,对木荷林群落学特征进行了分析和研究。研究表明本群落是以山茶科和壳斗科为主的常绿阔叶林,其优势种为木荷、马尾松以及罗浮栲。随着演替的进行,木荷在群落中的重要值呈现先增大后减小的趋势。进一步分析木荷天然林与人工林的生态学差异,表明:木荷天然林和人工林群落物种组成都较丰富,通过木荷人工林与天然林的物种组成比较,可以看出人工林虽然受人为影响较大,但是经过一定时间的恢复,其物种组成和群落结构都趋于复杂化,并在科、属、种组成上与天然林具有较高的相似性。 相似文献
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Plant functional groups based on vegetative and reproductive traits in a subtropical forest community 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Plant functional types (PFTs) are essential for us to research on community structure and dynamics. A proper criterion for assessing PFTs in a broad-leaved community is yet to be established, and the reports for correlations between PFTs and plant succession are still rare. The current study aimed to: (1) detect which functional trait(s) of woody species would best characterize PFTs in a forest community, and (2) explore general trends of functional traits with plant succession. We sampled fruit-bearing twigs of 55 woody species in a subtropical forest in southwest China, and recorded two sets of sizes of functional traits including both vegetative and reproductive organs. A principal components analysis (PCA) was performed on the functional traits studied, and the functional types were grouped out with K-means clustering. Next, the relationship between PFTs and species succession status was examined. The PCA revealed that of all the functional traits studied, twig sizes may exert a greatest impact on the traits assemblages and PFTs’ performances in this community, i.e., twig size may act as an important determinant for PFTs at the species level. The 55 woody species were classified into three distinct PFTs whose sizes tended to increase with the advance of species succession. Twig size tended to combine with leaf size, and so was the fruit size with seed size. 相似文献
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采用乡土植物、地带性植物优先原则,物种多样性原则进行恢复植物物种选择,同时结合植物群落的演替理论、植物种群的生态位理论、植被恢复的美学理论等对其恢复植物进行组合设计,提出了新河高速公路路域边坡及相似类型的裸露边坡地区在植被恢复中可供选择利用的5种植物组合：①苦楝（或香樟）＋美丽胡枝子＋葛藤＋坡柳＋狗牙根组合;②山黄麻＋清香木＋含羞草＋皱叶狗尾草＋地果＋牛筋草组合：③黄金间碧玉＋棕叶芦＋椭圆叶木蓝＋皱叶狗尾草＋掌叶鱼黄草＋竹节草组合;④五节芒＋绢毛木蓝＋委陵菜（或草玉梅）＋稗＋密花葛（或粉葛、苦葛）＋山麦冬组合;⑤羊蹄甲（或苹婆）＋香花崖豆藤（或多花崖爬藤）＋地果＋积雪草（或杠板归）组合。 相似文献
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《林业研究》2021,32(1)
Wetland restoration had been implemented for more than two decades in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China.To assess the restoration efficiency of wetland vegetation,we investigated plants composition of community,plant species diversity and aboveground biomass of restored sites in a chronosequence of restoration(1,2,3,6,8,11,15 and 25 years) in the Sanjiang Nature Reserve.As comparison,we also investigated the same factors in a cropland and a natural marsh adjacent to the restored sites.The results showed that wetland plant species can invade quickly after croplands were abandoned when there were suitable hydrology conditions.On the early stage of the restoration,weeds were main plant species in the restored sites.Wetland species appeared at the same time but differed from the dominant species from the adjacent natural marshes.Common native wetland species could dominance the community after 3-year restoration.Species richness and diversity increased on the early stage,and then decreased to the similar level of the natural marsh with the extension of restoration.Plant biomass could restore easier than the species composition and diversity.Our results indicated that plant species composition and diversity of abandoned reclaimed wetlands can restore gradually by natural succession in S anjiang Plain.However,25-year restoration site had similarity index of only 56% with the natural marsh,which revealed that two decades are not enough for complete restoration of vegetation. 相似文献