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渥堆发酵是青砖茶独特品质形成的关键技术环节。对来自青砖茶渥堆发酵样品中的细菌进行高温筛选和鉴定。结果表明,通过筛选得到20株能在高温条件下良好生长的细菌,其中15株菌株能够在含茶汤的培养基中生长。3株菌株的最适生长温度为55℃,为嗜热细菌。结合嗜热菌株的形态特征和16 S rDNA基因序列分析,确定1株为枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）,2株为地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）。经嗜热细菌发酵晒青毛茶的产酶试验可知,嗜热菌株在发酵茶叶时能够产生纤维素酶、淀粉酶和单宁酶,其酶活力分别可达215.69、259.28、4.85 U。 相似文献
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为缓解药害，通过选择培养基富集培养，从黑龙江省安达市农田中分离出一株以阿特拉津为唯一氮源生长的降解菌TW-1，经鉴定该菌株为节杆菌属（Arthrobacter sp.）。菌株TW-1对培养基中100 mg/L的阿特拉津降解率在48 h内可达到99.5％。盆栽实验结果表明，菌株TW-1可使大豆植株的叶绿素含量提高，并且可增加过氧化氢酶与过氧化物酶含量，有效缓解大豆植株的阿特拉津药害，具有良好的应用潜力。 相似文献
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以愈创木酚、α-萘酚、没食子酸、L-酪氨酸和单宁酸等5种酚类物质为底物,采用鉴别培养基筛选法从14株茶树内生真菌中初筛获得4株产多酚氧化酶的真菌。根据变色圈的大小、颜色深浅和摇瓶发酵的结果复筛获得产多酚氧化酶能力较强的菌株CSN-13。对菌株CSN-13产酶营养条件进行初步分析,结果表明,在供试的6种碳源物质中,以麸皮对菌株CSN-13产多酚氧化酶的促进作用最为明显;供试的5种氮源物质中,以硝酸铵的促进作用最为明显;在发酵培养基中添加茶水,对产酶有明显的促进作用。采用正交设计对CSN-13产酶发酵培养基进行初步优化,优化后的培养基配方为：麸皮（40βg·L-1）、硝酸铵（15βg·L-1）、茶水（4βg·L-1）、KH2PO4（2βg·L-1）、MgSO4·7H2O（0.5βg·L-1）、无水CaCl2（0.075βg·L-1）、CuSO4·5H2O（0.01βg·L-1）。采用优化后的培养基,菌株CSN-13在28℃下培养5βd,酶活力达到241βU·mL-1·min-1,比优化前提高8.5倍。茶树内生真菌菌株CSN-13及其发酵产酶培养基的研究为多酚氧化酶的进一步开发打下了基础。 相似文献
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本研究在18℃条件下,利用赫奇逊滤纸培养基分离纯化菌株,根据透明圈和滤纸降解情况筛选菌株,最终通过酶活分析和秸秆降解率确定目的菌株,通过形态学观察与ITS基因序列分析对目的菌株进行初步鉴定,分离筛选高效低温秸秆纤维素降解菌并研究其产酶特性。结果表明,从小兴安岭山区土壤中分离到1株在低温下具有较强纤维素降解能力的真菌菌株C1,15 d内对秸秆的降解能力达55.6%,滤纸酶活和CMC酶活分别为18.4 U/mL和54.3 U/mL,初步鉴定菌株C1为青霉菌属(Penicillium sp.),具有进一步研究开发的潜力。 相似文献
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木质纤维素酶高产菌株的筛选和鉴定 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
从海南省乐东、三亚和儋州等市县采集的23份土样中粗筛获得186株具有纤维素降解能力的菌株,11株具有木质素降解能力的菌株,经进一步筛选获得纤维素酶高产菌和木质素酶高产菌各2株,编号分别为12—4、3—5、6—1和3—3。在以香蕉茎叶粉为主要基质的培养基中30℃、120r/min振荡培养5d,12—4和3—5分解羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)的酶活分别达到979U和226U,分解滤纸(FP)的酶活分别为46.4U和15.1U,6—1和3—3的木质素酶活分别为32.8U和16.4U。经初步鉴定,这些菌株分别属于Trichodermasp.,Penicillumsp.,Streptomycesflavus和ChoanephoraCurreysp.,可用于发酵香蕉茎叶生产饲料的进一步研究。 相似文献
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红树林生态系统复杂,土壤微生物资源丰富。试验采用唯一碳源平板法,从红树林土壤中筛选得172个菌株,分别进行产内切葡聚糖酶、外切葡聚糖酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的平板鉴定,对较高活力的菌株进行了发酵试验,利用DNS和FPA法测定酶活,获得10株具有高产纤维素酶活性的菌株,其中一株真菌HBZ003分解纤维素能力较强且酶活稳定,其CMC酶活为3 229.67 U,滤纸酶活为1 536.80 U;另一株真菌Z005具有较明显的外切酶阳性特征,其CMC酶活为1 970 U,滤纸酶活为871.67 U,对菌株HBZ003、Z005分别进行形态观察、生化鉴定系统的鉴定,初步确认菌株HBZ003为产紫青霉(Penicillium purpurogenun),菌株Z005为枝状芽枝霉(Cladosporium cladosporioides)。 相似文献
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《福建茶叶》2015,(3)
从茶树中分离到一株相对较高谷氨酸脱酸酶活力的内生真菌菌株CSN-4,对该菌株产谷氨酸脱羧酶的发酵培养基及发酵条件进行优化。采用单因素—响应面法对以YPD为基础的发酵培养基及发酵条件进行优化。结果为每200 m L的发酵培养基:乳糖5 g,酵母膏1.6 g,蛋白胨5.4 g,NH4NO3 2 g,KH2PO4 0.9 g,Mg SO4 0.4 g,谷氨酸钠1 g。发酵条件为:装液量40 m L,转速180 rpm,p H值6.0,发酵温度28℃,发酵时间72 h。葡萄糖,酵母膏,KH2PO4为3个最显著因素。在优化后的培养基和培养条件下,谷氨酸脱羧酶酶活力达到98.63 U/m L,是优化前的2.26倍。单因素和响应面结合的方法优化发酵培养基组分和发酵产酶条件,是一种简单有效的方法,可以较大幅度地提高产酶量。 相似文献
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《中国麻业》2019,(3)
为了分离和鉴定对大麻有脱胶效果的碱性果胶酶生产菌株,优化其产果胶酶培养基组成,试验选用果胶作为唯一碳源进行菌株筛选,并采用单因素和正交试验筛选果胶酶发酵培养基组成。结果表明:从沤麻水体中分离到14株具有脱胶能力的细菌,其中X-6菌果胶酶产量最高,该菌革兰氏阴性,大小为0.6～0.8μm×2～3μm,据其生理生化特征和16S r DNA鉴定,该菌株鉴定并被命名为产碱假单胞菌X-6(Pseudomonas alcaligenes X-6),该菌的最佳产果胶酶培养基组成为葡萄糖5 g/L,马铃薯淀粉4 g/L,酵母粉4 g/L,玉米浆4 g/L,氯化钙1.5 g/L,氯化钠0.5 g/L,经验证在该条件下果胶酶活力达到586 U/m L,采用发酵后的粗酶液对大麻进行脱胶试验,残胶率由38.9%降低至17.2%,脱胶效果较好。试验分离和鉴定出一株对大麻脱胶效果较好的菌株,并获得其产果胶酶发酵培养基。 相似文献
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以可可（TheobromaCac0L.）的子叶为外植体,通过体胚发生途径,诱导再生可可植株。各培养阶段的优化培养基和培养条件为∶（1）愈伤组织诱导培养基（PCG）∶改良DKW+2,4-D3.0mgL+KT1.0mg几+TDZ 0.01mgL,在28+2）℃（以下培养温度均同）温度条件下,暗培养20d,诱导率为96.67%;（2）愈伤组织增殖培养基（SCG）∶改良DKW＋2,4-D 3.0mgA+KT1.0mg九,暗培养20d;（3）胚状体诱导培养基（ED）∶改良DKW+Sucrose30gL,暗培养60~150d,胚状体诱导产生并发育成熟,胚状体的诱导率为333%;（4）成熟胚诱导成苗∶①PEC培养基为∶改良DKW+Ghrose20gl+Sucrose10gL,光照为16h/d,培养60d;②采用RD培养基∶改良DKW+BA1.5mgl+AA0.5mgl,光照为16h/,培养3090d后,可得到完整的植株,再生植株的诱导率为 42%。 相似文献
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海洋青霉HN89菌株次生代谢产物抗菌活性的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
海洋青霉HN89菌株次生代谢产物的抗菌活性与发酵条件对抗生素产量影响的研究结果表明:海洋青霉HN89菌株的次生代谢产物对细菌、酵母、霉菌均有抑制作用;摇瓶发酵产生抗生素(HN89A)的最佳培养基成分为:玉米淀粉20g/L,黄豆粉2g/L,K2HPO41g/L,NaCl0.5g/L,MgSO4 0.5g/L,FeSO4·7H2O0.01g/L,蛋白胨1g/L,用海水配制的海带汁(W/V,2%)1L,最佳发酵条件为28℃下振荡培养(200r/min)96~108h。合适的温度刺激能促进HN89A的合成。 相似文献
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Ahaotu I Ogueke CC Owuamanam CI Ahaotu NN Nwosu JN 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(20):933-938
The ability of microorganisms involved in cassava mash fermentation to produce and improve protein value by these microorganisms during fermentation was studied. Standard microbiological procedures were used to isolate, identify and determine the numbers of the organisms. Alcaligenes faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, Leuconostoc cremoris, Aspergillus niger, A. tamari, Geotrichum candidum and Penicillium expansum were isolated and identified from cassava waste water while standard analytical methods were used to determine the ability of the isolates to produce linamarase and the proximate composition, pH and titrable acidity of the fermenting mash. The linamarase activity of the isolates ranged from 0.0416 to 0.2618 micromol mL(-1) nmol(-1). Bacillus subtilis, A. niger, A. tamari and P. expansum did not express any activity for the enzyme. Protein content of mash fermented with mixed fungal culture had the highest protein value (15.4 mg/g/dry matter) while the raw cassava had the least value (2.37 mg/g/dry matter). The naturally fermented sample had the least value for the fermented samples (3.2 mg/g/dry matter). Carbohydrate and fat contents of naturally fermented sample were higher than values obtained from the other fermented samples. Microbial numbers of the sample fermented with mixed bacterial culture was highest and got to their peak at 48 h (57 x 10(8) cfu g(-1)). pH decreased with increase in fermentation time with the mash fermented by the mixed culture of fungi having the lowest pH of 4.05 at the end of fermentation. Titrable acidity increased with increase in fermentation time with the highest value of 1.32% at 96 h of fermentation produced by the mixed culture of fungi. Thus fermentation with the pure cultures significantly increased the protein content of mash. 相似文献
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To optimize culture conditions for xylanase production by solid state fermentation (SSF) using Bacillus pumilus, with paddy husk as support, solid medium contained 200 g of paddy husk with 800 mL of liquid fermentation medium [xylan, 20.0 g/L; peptone, 2.0 g/L; yeast extract, 2.5 g/L; K2HPO4 , 2.5 g/L; KH2PO4 , 1.0 g/L; NaCl, 0.1 g/L; (NH4)2SO4 , 2.0 g/L, CaCl2 ·2H2O, 0.005 g/L; MgCl2 ·6H2O, 0.005 g/L; and FeCl 3 , 0.005 g/L] at pH 9.0 was applied. The highest xylanase activity (142.0 ±0.47 U/g DM] was obta... 相似文献
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木薯渣固态发酵植酸酶的条件研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
木薯渣粗蛋白及无机盐含量较低,与麸皮、米糠混合或同时添加无机氮源及无机盐,可作为发酵培养基合成植酸酶。高浓度的磷抑制植酸酶的合成。最佳发酵条件为：木薯渣为唯一碳原,添加 ２％ ＮＨ４ＮＯ３, ０．０１％ Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４, ０．０５％ ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ, ０．０５％ ＫＣＩ, ０．０１％ ＦｅＳ－Ｏ４· ７Ｈ２Ｏ, ０．９％ ＳＤＳ,培养基水分含量 ６０％～６５％, １０ｇ木薯渣／２５０ ｍＬ三角瓶,接种量为２ｍＬ菌悬液（２．８×１０个孢子／ｍＬ）,自然 ｐＨ值,培养温度 ２８～３１℃,第８ｄ达产酶高峰,高峰期产酶量为 ６７３０ Ｕ／ｇ干曲。 相似文献
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G. O. Adegoke O. F. A. Akinnuoye A. O. Akanni 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1993,43(3):191-196
Cassava bread was prepared by pre-gelling, battering and baking cassava flour to which were added, in moderate amounts, sugar, yeast solution and edible oil. Baking was at 215°C for 40 min. No mould was isolated from the cassava bread and the mean value of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) for the three subsamples of cassava bread was 0.03 µg/kg. The cassava tuber (Manihot esculenta Crantz), which was used for the production of cassava bread had an initial AFB1 level of 1.91 µg/kg and the dominant mycoflora werePenicillium oxalicum, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium spp and some unidentified fungi. 相似文献
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Shuping Yan Xiaorong Wu Jeff Dahlberg Scott R. Bean Finlay MacRitchie Jeff D. Wilson Donghai Wang 《Journal of Cereal Science》2010
The objective of this research was to investigate physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of field-sprouted grain sorghum and its fermentation performance in ethanol production. Five field-sprouted grain sorghum varieties, which received abnormally high rainfall during harvest, were used in this study. Enzyme activities, microstructure, flour pasting properties, kernel hardness, kernel weight, kernel size, flour size and particle distribution of field-sprouted grain sorghum were analyzed. The effect of germination (i.e., sprouting) on conversion of grain sorghum to ethanol was determined by using a laboratory dry-grind ethanol fermentation procedure. Sprouted sorghum had increased α-amylase activity; degraded starch granules and endosperm cell walls; decreased kernel hardness, kernel weight, kernel size, and particle size; and decreased pasting temperature and peak and final viscosities compared with non-sprouted grain sorghum. The major finding is that the time required for sprouted sorghum to complete fermentation was only about half that of non-sprouted sorghum. Also, ethanol yield from sprouted sorghum was higher (416–423 L/ton) than that from non-sprouted sorghum (409 L/ton) on a 14% moisture basis. 相似文献
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以水莲石斛（Dendrobium Hibiki）幼嫩假鳞茎为外植体进行组织培养和快速繁殖研究。结果表明:利用75%乙醇结合0.1% HgCl2,以及适宜程序进行外植体消毒,成功率达92.50%;诱导腋芽的最适培养基为改良MS添加3.0 mg/L 6-BA和0.5 mg/L NAA,腋芽诱导率为91.90%;丛生芽增殖最适培养基为MS培养基添加5.0 mg/L 6-BA和0.5 mg/L NAA,平均增殖系数为2.77;生根壮苗最适培养基为1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L IBA+1.5 g/L活性炭+30 g/L蔗糖+100 g/L土豆泥,生根率100%,生根效果最好;体积比1∶1的植金石与椰壳混合基质适合于移栽,移栽成活率为95.56%。 相似文献