共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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针对目前丘陵地区梯级泵站提水灌溉系统规划中的缺陷，以提水工程的年折算费用最小为目标，建立了数学规划模型，并介绍了离散微分动态规划法来求解该模型，解决了长期困扰水利规划人员的丘陵地区梯级泵站规划中的两个难点问题：多级提水的级数如何确定；各级间的扬程如何分配。 相似文献
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一提水灌溉的极限扬程和经济扬程,是随着提水灌溉事业的发展而提出来的。当前提水灌溉正向一高(高扬程提水),二深(深井提水)的方向发展。那么,今后在发展提水灌溉时,是否可以不问扬程的高低,一高再高或一深再深,无限止的发展高扬程提水灌溉工程呢?这就是我们要探讨和回答的问题。 相似文献
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浅谈节水灌溉水费价格的支撑体系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
水费价格是节水灌溉的核心，合理的水价是发展节水灌溉的动力，也是实现水和这机构良性循环的关键。支撑节水灌溉水费价格的因素很多，作者就其水费成本，水旨同价格标准，农民的负担能力，物价上涨指数，水费政策和管理运行机制等因素进行阐述，以期促进节水灌溉的进一步发展。 相似文献
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赵田夫 《中国农村水利水电》1989,(1)
本文根据实际调查资料,对灌溉水的两种效益,即灌溉水的随机效益和灌溉水的分摊效益进行了分析计算;提出了合理灌溉和合理水费负担能力判别式,对灌溉的安排和水价的制订都有参考价值;同时,对如何降低灌溉水的成本,减轻农民水费负担也作了分析。 相似文献
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聊城地区位于鲁西平原,黄河、卫运河沿境而过,徒骇、马额河和引黄干渠贯穿全境,地上水源比较丰富。全区现有中小型泵站368处,装机52万kW,灌溉面积月亿m2（约合万0万亩）。这些泵站扬程较低（一般在2～5m）,就工程、设备和地形而言,绝大多数可以实行一级提水自然灌溉。而由于受当时主观和客观因素的影响,有相当数量的泵站灌区实行了两级提水灌溉,即由泵站从河流或引黄干渠提水人地下输水渠,再由农户用小型抽水机具,认输水渠中提水灌溉。浪费了能源和水量,增加了设备的重复投资,加大了农民灌溉的劳动强度,提高了灌溉成本。为解… 相似文献
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全工况小型移动式电力提灌泵装置研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对四川丘陵地区小型泵站灌溉面积小、沿江河水位变幅大、季节性需水差异大,站多装机容量小、取水投资大、设备分散、维护不便、易被毁被盗等问题,进行了具有串并联方式的小型移动式电力提灌泵装置的研究.它优化集成机组、管路和控制系统于一体,采用离心泵的串并联和变频调速等关键技术,既可满足大流量的要求,又可实现高扬程工况需要,并保... 相似文献
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该文介绍了两种适用于半干旱灌区某次配水的实用优化模型。第一种以作物水分生产函数为基础,以全灌区净灌溉增产值最大为目标函数;第二种根据灌溉管理部门的要求,以某次灌水全灌区的水费收入最高为目标函数。这两种配水模型以陕西省洛惠渠灌区 1989、1990年夏灌的实际用水资料进行了验证,可供各自流引水灌区在渠系水量调配中实际应用。 相似文献
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利用Excel中的规划求解功能解决了梯级泵站经济扬程确定的问题。首先根据最小功率原理写出灌区总功率计算表达式;然后对实测的灌溉面积与高程关系数据进行曲线拟合,并写出拟合表达式.最后在Excel中求出泵站分级数一定前提下,灌区总功率最小所对应的各级站的净扬程。利用这种方法和经济扬程确定的相关理论,准确、快速地确定梯级泵站经济扬程。这种方法与传统的图解法、试算法相比,具有快捷、精确等优点。 相似文献
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农业节水灌溉的博弈分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
水资源紧缺是制约社会经济发展的关键性因素。农业是我国的用水大户,推广农业节水灌溉技术是实现水资源高效利用的重要途径。从博弈论的角度,分析了水价与节水灌溉之间的关系,说明水价的提高激励了节水灌溉技术的采用。另一方面,为减轻农民负担,提出农业水价加收的费用,通过财政以农业补贴或其他形式回补农民的建议。 相似文献
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Filiz Dadaser-Celik Patrick L. Brezonik Heinz G. Stefan 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2008,22(1):47-66
Develi Basin is a semi-arid basin in central Turkey where water sustains both irrigated agriculture and an internationally
important wetland, the Sultan Marshes. Agricultural and environmental changes in the Develi Basin have occurred since irrigation
management was transferred in 1994 from a state authority (DSI) to irrigation associations (Kovalı and Ağcaaşar IAs). In this
paper we evaluate the practices of the IAs using extensive data from interviews with farmers and IA officials, as well as
data from reports prepared by DSI and the IAs, using comparisons with case studies reported in the scientific literature.
Irrigated areas and surface water use in the Develi Basin showed significant fluctuations from 1995 to 2003. The area allocated
to high water-consuming plants increased. Maintenance activities became dependent on fee collection rates. Quality of the
irrigation water did not changed significantly. Ground-water levels, flow rates from springs, and water levels in the Sultan
Marshes all dropped. Overall analyses indicate that the water requirements of the Sultan Marshes have not been met, while
water use for irrigation has been effective but not efficient. To reconcile agricultural and wetland water requirements, a
basin-wide approach in water planning is recommended. Amounts of water to be allocated to the IAs and wetlands need to be
clearly defined. DSI has to monitor canal maintenance by the IAs more closely, and IAs need to be given more responsibilities
for future rehabilitation of the canals. Realistic water pricing, increased reliability of irrigation scheduling, higher on-farm
irrigation efficiency, and in the long-term, modernization of the irrigation system need to be considered. 相似文献
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The paper reports research on engineering designs of irrigation systems in mountainous areas and the resulting implications for management. The engineering designs are important because they may or may not provide the social basis for local people to participate in system development and management. This hypothesis is analyzed by using field data from an irrigation development program in the Himachal Pradesh State in India. The development program will construct about 150 small-scale, gravity flow and lift irrigation schemes in a seven year period. The results of the analysis support the argument that the engineering designs critically influence local people's capability and willingness to manage irrigation facilities. In gravity flow irrigation schemes, water capture by permanent flow diversion structuress is extremely expensive and yet unreliable because of large variation in stream flow and unstable mountain slopes. A more practical alternative is to utilize diversion structures of temporary nature which are made with local materials. Construction and management of such structures will encourage local participation because of high maintenance requirements. In lift irrigation schemes a conventional design is to lift all water requirements to a single highest point in the command area. This practice results in unnecessarily high energy costs and in a water distribution system which is complex to manage. A better alternative is to design the pumps so that water can be delivered at variable elevations in the scheme area. This will allow disaggregation of the total area into smaller rotational units and, therefore, management of water distribution can be potentially easier and equitable. 相似文献
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赵荣海 《中国农村水利水电》1996,(9):20-22
利用工程实际资料，对井渠结合灌区的供水成本及水费标准进行分析讨论，提出现阶段水费计收标准以及加强灌区灌溉管理、降低供水成本、提高灌溉效益的初步建议，并为灌区作物结构优化设计提供依据。 相似文献