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1.
An attempt was made to understand the molecular systematics and genetic differences between 10 original chrysanthemum cultivars and 11 mutants. The similarity among the cultivars and mutants varied from 0.17 to 0.90 using RAPD analyses, a simple but efficient method to distinguish cultivars and to assess parentage. Two distinct groups were found. Two cultivars were present as a separate group showing differences from all other cultivars. Mutants with different flower colour could be identified at the molecular level using RAPD technique holding promise to identify unique genes as SCAR markers. A high genetic distance among the different chrysanthemums showed that there exists a possibility of introgressing new and novel genes from the chrysanthemum gene pool. 相似文献
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菊花品种资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以AFLP—银染分子标记技术, 对45个菊花品种进行了遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析。选用10个多态性高、分辨力强的E + 3 /M + 3引物组合分别对供试材料的基因组DNA进行扩增, 共获得486条清晰可辨的条带, 其中多态性带451条, 平均每个引物组合可检测出4511个多态性位点, 多态性位点百分率高达92.80% , 这表明供试品种资源在DNA水平上酶切位点的分布存在广泛的变异。应用DPS软件计算供试品种遗传距离界于0.36000～0.86237之间, 平均为0.611185; UPGMA分析将45份资源分成6个类群,从相异性系数分析了各品种资源间的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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Yoshimi Yonemoto Abul Kashem Chowdhury Hidenori Kato Mustad Malid Macha Hitoshi Okuda 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
Floral morphology, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to characterize and verify genetic diversity within a white sapote cultivar collection and to develop molecular markers for germplasm identification. On the basis of floral morphology, the cultivars were classified into three types: type I included 23 cultivars with large ovaries and small anthers; type II included 13 cultivars with small ovaries and large anthers; and type III included one cultivar, named ‘Maltby’, with a large ovary and large anthers. DNA was isolated from 39 cultivars of white sapote and subjected to RAPD and AFLP analysis using 24 and 7 primers, respectively. One hundred and sixty-eight RAPD and 286 AFLP bands were used to assess genetic characterization among white sapote. Sixty percent of the RAPD and 77% of the AFLP amplification products were polymorphic among accessions. RAPD or AFLP markers differentiated all white sapote cultivars effectively. Moreover, each flower type was characterized as specially associated with two RAPD bands. UPGMA dendrograms based on RAPD and AFLP data, showed the majority of the cultivars from flower type I and flower type II clustering together. Finally 101 RAPD markers and 220 AFLP markers were used to construct a neighbor-joining dendrogram. This showed that the 37 cultivars could be classified into six distinct clusters, between which the similarity coefficient was as low as 0.00–0.55, even though the cultivars were morphologically very similar. The remaining two cultivars namely ‘Smathers’ and ‘Maltby’ were found genetically very distant from the other cultivars in RAPD, AFLP or combined RAPD and AFLP based dendrograms. The results suggested that the level of genetic variation among white sapote cultivars is diverse and the morphological and molecular data may lead to representation of the cultivar relationships as well as flower type discrimination. 相似文献
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基于表型和SRAP 标记的切花菊品种遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用45 个表型性状和SRAP 标记分析56 个切花菊品种的遗传多样性。表型变异分析结果
表明：21 个性状表现出品种内一致性高及品种间特异性强;主成分分析发现,主成分贡献值较大的性状
有花序直径、花序类型和瓣型等花部性状,其次是叶部和茎杆性状,说明所选用的切花菊品种在分类时
应以花部性状为主,叶部和茎杆性状为辅;表型性状基于遗传距离UPGMA 聚类,将56 个切花菊品种分
为平瓣类、匙瓣类、桂瓣类、匙瓣-平瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径-瓣型-花型分类。14 对
SRAP 引物组合扩增56 个切花菊品种的DNA,共扩增出454 条带,其中多态性带423 条,占扩增带数的
93.17%,多态性含量PIC 值在0.72 ~ 0.89 之间,平均为0.82,说明切花菊品种在分子水平上具有丰富的
遗传多样性。基于SRAP 标记的UPGMA 聚类分析显示：品种间遗传相似系数在0.64 ~ 0.97 之间,将56
个切花菊品种分为平瓣类-匙瓣、桂瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径-瓣型-花型分类。Mantel
检验相关性系数为0.682,两种聚类结果有相似之处,均能很好体现试验切花菊品种间的遗传关系。 相似文献
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利用RAPD分析鉴别荔枝的焦核突变体 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
采用随机扩增多态性DNA 方法, 对荔枝品种三月红、怀枝和它们的9 个自然焦核突变体进行了多态性分析。经500 个随机引物的筛选, 发现仅1 个引物OPL212 能在品种与突变体间扩增出多态性片段,其中2个焦核怀枝的特异片段大小为1 645 bp, 4 个焦核三月红的特异片段大小为722 bp , 初步认为这两条特异片段可能与荔枝的焦核基因相关。 相似文献
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The objectives of this study were to investigate genetic variation and relationships between Indonesia-, Australian- and European-based cultivars and to evaluate variation within Indonesia cultivars as all cultivars are open-pollinated. Eight cauliflower cultivars collected from three production regions in Indonesia and four F1 hybrids cultivars grown in Australia were evaluated using RAPD and ISSR markers. DNA polymorphisms generated from 10 polymorphic RAPD primers were used to construct a dendogram using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and to generate a fingerprinting key. ISSR marker analysis using 14 primers were attempted but DNA polymorphisms could not be clearly identified. The RAPD technique indicated that variation occurred both within and between Indonesian cultivars. Comparison between Indonesian-, Australian- and European-based cultivars showed that Indonesian cultivars have unique genotypes and would be good sources of genes for future crop improvement. 相似文献
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Zuo Li Xiuqun Liu Robert Wahiti Gituru Niran Juntawong Mingqin Zhou Longqing Chen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
In this study, RAPD and ISSR markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among different germplasm of Nelumbo including 70 Chinese ornamental cultivars, 7 wild Thai genotypes, 2 Nelumbo lutea genotypes and 8 hybrids of Nelumbo nucifera and N. lutea. High genetic diversities of 96.4% and 91.2% respectively were detected in the Nelumbo accessions using RAPD and ISSR markers. A dendrogram based on both RAPD and ISSR clustering data indicated that: (1) the genotypes of N. nucifera and N. lutea from different geographical origins were clustered into different groups. This indicated significant genetic differentiation attributed to extensive periods of geographical isolation and lack of gene exchange; (2) the Thai wild genotypes were separated from Chinese genotypes. This indicated genetic divergence between germplasm from Southeast Asia and that from China. Geographical location appears to have affected genetic diversity due to adaptation of the plants to the different environments. A new Southeastern Asia Lotus category is suggested as an addition to the current lotus cultivars classification system; (3) data on three morphological traits (namely: plant size, petal shape and flower color), showed that only the data on plant size was consistent with the dendrogram constructed from molecular data. This finding suggests that using data on genetic relationships in combination with morphological characteristics would serve to improve the classification system of lotus cultivars currently in use. The finding of previously unknown germplasm in this study indicated the potential of RAPD and ISSR techniques in identifying and managing lotus resources. Both marker techniques are potentially useful in improving the current strategies in breeding and germplasm conservation to enhance the ornamental and economic value of lotus. 相似文献
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This research was conducted to assess polymorphism among local genotypes of common fig available in Jordan (one of countries of origin). Leaf samples were collected in spring for DNA isolation from 20 different local genotypes (5 cultivars and 15 landraces). Two more wild types and one foreign cultivar were included. The genotypes were assessed using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Six of the 19 screened primers showed reproducible polymeric profiles. Out of 62 amplified bands, 48 were polymorphic (77%). They generated 1104 data entries (591 for present and 513 for absent bands). After determining Jaccard similarity index, some genotypes showed high genetic similarity (90% between F20 and F22), while other were less similar (3–18% between F11 and all other genotypes). Moreover, the primers were evaluated for their discriminating power, where primer RAPD06 showed the weakest power (0.431), while highest values of 0.989 and 0.996 were achieved for primers RAPD02 and RAPD13, respectively. 相似文献
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M. Sangeeta Kutty Lalitha Anand 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):774-778
SummaryRandomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate genetic diversity among 24 cultivars of short-day onions. Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to RAPD analysis using 90 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Of these, 15 primers were selected which yielded 137 bands, 91.24% of which were polymorphic. None of the primers produced a unique banding pattern for each cultivar. RAPD data were used to calculate a Squared-Euclidian Distance matrix which revealed a minimum genetic distance between cultivars ‘AFLR-722’ and ‘PBR-140’, and a maximum genetic distance between cultivars ‘PBR-139’ and ‘A.Kalyan’, and ‘MS-48’ and ‘A.Kalyan’. Based on the distance matrix, cluster analysis was done using a minimum variance algorithm.The dendrogram thus generated, based on Ward’s method, grouped the 24 onion cultivars into two major clusters. The first cluster consisted of cultivars from the northern region, and the second of cultivars from the southern region of India. The present study shows that there is high diversity among the onion cultivars selected and indicates the potential of RAPD markers for identification and maintenance of onion germplasm for crop improvement purposes. 相似文献
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利用SRAP分子标记研究了6个切花菊品种及其2×4不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)的38个F1代单株的遗传关系。结果表明,17对SRAP引物组合共获得229条带,其中多态性条带127条,平均每个引物获得7.5个多态性条带,多态性比率为56.0%,说明切花菊亲本品种及其杂交后代的分子多样性适中。6个亲本品种之间的Nei’s遗传距离介于0.11~0.25之间,平均为0.19,说明亲本品种之间的亲缘关系较近。亲本和杂交后代的遗传相似系数分别介于0.42~0.72和0.40~0.85之间,杂交后代遗传相似系数的中位数(0.61)高于亲本品种(0.55),说明杂交产生了一些变异株系,但是总的遗传基础有变窄或同质化趋势。基于遗传相似系数,UPGMA聚类将亲本和杂交后代划分为两大类,聚类结果与母本和杂交组合类型相符,说明SRAP分子标记可有效用于鉴定菊花不同杂交组合后代。 相似文献
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Ishtiaq Ahmad Rajwana Nabila Tabbasam Aman Ullah Malik Saeed Ahmad Malik Mehboob-ur-Rahman Yusuf Zafar 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
Knowledge about the extent of genetic diversity/relatedness in mango germplasm is vital for developing coherent strategies for future gains in productivity. The genetic diversity/relatedness among mango cultivars/genotypes developed in Pakistan has not been investigated previously. We have assessed the genetic diversity among 25 mango genotypes/cultivars using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Sixty random ten-mer primers were surveyed, out of which 45 yielded amplicons in all the genotypes. Genetic similarity between genotypes/cultivars was in the range of 64–89% with an average of 74%. Similarly, the genetic relatedness among all variants derived from a mango cultivar Chaunsa was in the range of 81.18–88.63%. These coefficients were utilized to construct a dendrogram using the unweighted pair group of arithmetic means (UPGMA). The genotypes were grouped into three (A, B, C) clusters. Generally, genotypes originating from Pakistan were grouped in cluster ‘A’ while cluster ‘B’ primarily composed of southern India as well as Florida cultivars. Kensington Pride was the most distantly related genotype which grouped with Maya and Yakta, forming a distinct cluster ‘C’. 相似文献
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燕山板栗种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,采用随机扩增多态DNA(randomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD)技术对36份燕山板栗种质进行了分析。分析了燕山板栗的遗传丰富度,并对包括36个燕山板栗品种和8份外来板栗品种在内的44份板栗种质进行聚类分析。结果表明,RAPD能有效地区分品种间的差异,用16个随机引物经PCR扩增共得到132个片段,其中有83个多态性片段,占62.9%;不同遗传位点之间遗传多样度最大可达0.444,最小值为0.096,平均多样度为0.187;UPGMA法聚类,将44份板栗种质聚成4个大的类群,36份燕山板栗可分为3个大的类群,外来种质聚为一类。燕山板栗明显不同于外来品种。在RAPD图谱中,找到了19个品种(类型)的特异性标记和标记组合,可作为品种(类型)分子鉴别的依据。 相似文献
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Genetic similarities among cocoyam cultivars based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Eighteen cultivars of cocoyam (Xanthosoma spp.) and two cultivars of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) from the USDA/ARS germplasm collection were evaluated for genetic relatedness using RAPD data. Seven random primers generated 40 RAPD loci. Of the 18 cultivars screened, 11 (61%) were identical at all RAPD loci evaluated. A similarity matrix was constructed on the basis of the presence or absence of bands. Among cocoyam cultivars the genetic similarity ranged from 0.86 to 0.97 with a mean of 0.91. Cluster analysis identified two main clusters with some unexpected groupings. These data indicate that very little genetic variation exists within the accessions used in this study and that this Xanthosoma spp. collection is of limited value as a genetic resource. 相似文献
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Rosa damascena Mill is the most important scented rose species cultivated for rose oil production. Rosa bourboniana L. (Edward rose), a related species, is popular on account of its longer blooming period and ease of propagation. With an aim to combine the oil quality of R. damascena and recurrent flowering habit of R. bourboniana, two cultivars (Jwala and Himroz) of R. damascena were crossed with R. bourboniana. The F1 hybrids obtained were evaluated using morphological, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. Twenty-two selected RAPD and three SSR primer pairs were utilized for hybrid identification. According to presence or absence of bands RAPD and SSR markers were classified into seven types of markers. The bands specific for the pollen parent and occurring in the hybrids were good markers to confirm the hybridity. The non-parental bands expressing uniquely in hybrids were effective in distinguishing the hybrids from each other. Cluster analysis, based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient using unweighted pair group method based on arithmetic mean (UPGMA), reliably discriminated the hybrids into two main clusters. These results indicate the practical usefulness of RAPD and SSR markers in hybrid identification in scented roses. The approach is advantageous for its rapidity and simplicity, for identification of hybrids at the juvenile stage. One of the studied morphological traits – prickle density, can also complement in the identification of interspecific hybrids between R. damscena (♀) and R. bourboniana (♂). 相似文献
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建兰38个品种的RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用RAPD标记对建兰38个品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析。用筛选的18个10 bp随机引物对其DNA进行PCR扩增,共扩增出116个位点,其中多态位点103个,多态位点比率占88.79%,表明建兰38个品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。38个品种间的遗传距离为0.0420~0.5385(均值0.2902)。基于RAPD标记的建兰38个品种的UPGMA聚类结果支持将建兰分为彩心和素心两个变种,以及素心多由彩心变异而来的传统分类观点。研究发现：引物S153-650 bp位点是'闽西鱼魫'、 '鱼魫大贡'、 '鱼魫'和'银边鱼魫'的特异标记,引物S38-1 200 bp位点是'十六罗汉'和'鱼魫'的特异标记,引物S38-800 bp位点缺失是'马耳四季'的特异标记。 相似文献