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1.
降雨因子对粉煤灰产流产渣的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究降雨因子对粉煤灰产流产渣的影响,揭示粉煤灰产流产渣的规律,采用径流小区定位观测试验,研究雨季期粉煤灰径流小区在自然降雨条件下的产流产渣特征。结果表明:(1)观测期内总降雨量为1 160.0mm,侵蚀降雨量为720.7mm,7月份降雨、侵蚀降雨均最多,分别为409.6mm和217.1mm,暴雨的侵蚀降雨量最大,为280.1mm;(2)7月份产流产渣最多,3个小区的产流产渣量分别为0.72,1.06,0.67m~3和0.30,0.90,0.21kg,暴雨的产流产渣量最大,分别为0.62,1.02,0.73m~3和0.16,0.57,0.15kg,降雨量大于50mm的降雨产流产渣量最多,分别为0.79,0.98,0.53m~3和0.17,0.72,0.15kg,雨强大于40mm/h的降雨产流产渣量最多,分别为0.82,1.06,0.76m3~和0.21,0.87,0.19kg;(3)降雨量、I30、降雨侵蚀力与产流产渣显著相关,径流量受降雨量影响最大,产渣受降雨侵蚀力影响最大,受降雨历时的影响都最小。产流产渣与降雨量、I_(30)、降雨侵蚀力均呈多项式关系,产流与降雨历时呈线性关系,产渣与降雨历时线性关系不明显。随着降雨的持续,粉煤灰产流产渣也随之增加,侵蚀降雨量、降雨侵蚀力对其影响尤为明显。研究成果利于贮灰场粉煤灰流失的预防和治理,为贮灰场的生态恢复提供参考。 相似文献
2.
《水土保持应用技术》2020,(2)
以高陡边坡为研究对象,研究不同植被配置模式对水土保持效益的影响,以期为高陡边坡水土流失的治理及恢复提供参考。通过定点径流小区观测的方法,设置4种植被配置模式,每种模式设置3次重复,研究自然降雨条件下各模式的产流产沙差异,对比分析各模式的水土保持效益。结果表明:1)观测期总降雨量为955.6 mm,总降雨历时为1 037.8 h,观测期内降雨量较大,历时较长,但月际分布不均;2)草本、花草、灌草及乔草模式的产流量分别为16.32±1.27 m~3、25.67±3.32 m~3、21.8±5.76 m~3、15.1±2.47 m~3,花草模式产流量最大,乔草产流量最小;3)草本、花草、灌草及乔草模式的产沙量分别为48.95±6.58 kg、63.33±15.00 kg、69.95±20.00 kg、30.37±3.09 kg,灌草模式产沙量最大,乔草产沙量最小;4)草本、花草、灌草及乔草模式的产流量分别为978.91±131.68 t/km~2、1 266.67±301.4 t/km~2、1 399.03±364.9 t/km~2、607.49±261.8 t/km~2,灌草模式的土壤侵蚀量最大,乔草模式的最小。乔草模式、草本模式的产流量、产沙量、土壤侵蚀量小于花草模式、灌草模式,说明乔草模式和草本混合模式的水土保持效益更优,尤以乔草模式最优。 相似文献
3.
退耕还林还草是黄土高原水土流失重要治理措施之一。为探讨自然降雨条件下,不同种类草被种植对坡面产流产沙特征的影响,采用定位观测方法,基于罗玉沟水土保持监测站6种不同草被(小冠花、红豆草、沙打旺、紫花苜蓿、红三叶、鹰咀紫云英)覆盖坡面的野外观测数据,分析了不同降雨条件下各草被覆盖径流小区的产流产沙规律。结果表明：(1)各场次降雨中,小冠花覆盖下的坡面产流量及产沙量均较大,沙打旺和鹰咀紫云英覆盖坡面均较小;(2)除沙打旺和鹰咀紫云英以外的草被覆盖小区产流产沙量均与降雨量和最大降雨强度呈显著或极显著关系;(3)侵蚀性降水依据降雨量、降雨历时和最大降雨强度分为3种类型：Ⅰ雨型(降雨量大、降雨历时长、最大雨强大)、Ⅱ雨型(降雨量、降雨历时、最大雨强均居中)、Ⅲ雨型(降雨量较小、降雨历时短、最大雨强小)。6种草被在不同雨型下产流产沙特性不同,沙打旺和鹰咀紫云英覆盖坡面在不同雨型下产流量及产沙量均较少,小冠花覆盖坡面在不同雨型下产流量及产沙量均较大。综上,不同草被覆盖下的坡面产流产沙规律不尽相同,对不同降雨特征的响应程度也存在差异,小冠花覆盖小区的抗侵蚀能力较差;沙打旺和鹰咀紫云英覆盖小区的抗侵蚀能力... 相似文献
4.
降雨因子对沂蒙山区不同土地利用方式径流小区产流产沙的影响 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7
[目的]研究降雨量、降雨强度、降雨历时等降雨因子对沂蒙山区小流域不同土地利用方式径流小区产流产沙的影响,为该区水土流失防治、水土保持规划、生态建设等提供参考。[方法]对沂蒙山区不同土地利用方式径流小区(自然荒坡和荞麦、野生牧草和花生)两两对照并且进行连续3a的定位观测,对观测数据进行统计分析和显著性检验。[结果](1)降雨量与各径流小区产流量的相关性显著(p0.01),与荞麦小区和花生小区产沙量的相关性显著(p0.01),与自然荒坡小区和野生牧草小区的产沙量相关性较差。(2)平均降雨强度(I)与各径流小区的产流量和产沙量的相关性均不显著。10 min最大降雨强度(I10)和30min最大降雨强度(I30)与各径流小区产流量以及荞麦小区、花生小区的产沙量均具有较好的相关性,其中30min最大降雨强度(I30)的相关性最好。(3)降雨历时与荞麦径流小区的产流量和产沙量相关性显著(p0.01),与其他径流小区的产流量和产沙量虽皆呈正相关但相关性均不显著。[结论]降雨量(P),10min最大降雨强度(I10),尤其是30min最大降雨强度(I30),降雨历时等降雨因子在沂蒙山区坡面产流产沙过程中都起到了不同程度的作用,不同的土地利用方式也是影响坡面产流产沙的重要因子。 相似文献
5.
喀斯特小流域坡面与流域降雨产流产沙特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于贵州省关岭县蚂蝗田水土保持监测站坡面及小流域的监测数据,分析了喀斯特坡面和小流域两个不同尺度下的降雨产流产沙特征。结果表明:次降雨量达到9.1mm(雨强大)和10.5mm(雨强小),坡面发生产流产沙。产流产沙的次降雨量(P)、平均雨强(I)、最大30min雨强(I30)、最大60min雨强(I60)、降雨历时(T)分别主要集中10~40mm,2~10mm/h,5~30mm/h,5~20mm/h,1~10h;与产流产沙相关度的高低为:PI_(60)I_(30)T。不同措施径流小区产流产沙存在显著性差异,荒草地产流产沙量最高;经果林+玉米的坡耕地次之;水保林、岩石裸露率高的荒草地最低。小流域与径流小区产流产沙的月变化趋势相似,但数值差异极大,产流产沙不同步,径流小区的数据不能完全反映喀斯特地区产流产沙特征。 相似文献
6.
福建省长汀县不同土地利用方式降雨产流产沙特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过布设标准径流小区,定位监测2014年长汀水土保持科教园不同土地利用方式的降雨和产流产沙特征,并对其进行了回归分析。结果表明:年径流深大小依次为自然裸露坡面模式(403mm)人工播草模式(93.7mm)农田管理模式(92mm)封禁管理模式(75.2mm)马尾松纯林(69.6mm)果园管理模式(60.8mm),年土壤流失量大小依次为自然裸露坡面模式(30.97t/hm~2)农田管理模式(5.44t/hm~2)封禁管理模式(2.71t/hm~2)马尾松纯林(2.43t/hm~2)果园管理模式(1.6t/hm~2)人工播草模式(0.47t/hm~2);小雨和中雨是主要的下雨类型,中雨和暴雨是造成水土流失的主要降雨类型;降雨量和I30是与产流产沙相关性相对较强的两个降雨因子;自然裸露地和封禁管理模式的径流深—降雨量线性回归拟合效果较好,其他模式均表现为较好的幂函数回归;除了人工播草模式外,其他土地利用模式的径流深—土壤流失量线性回归拟合效果均较好。相较于其他土地利用方式,果园管理模式的水土保持效益较好。 相似文献
7.
福建省宁化县紫色土区不同水保措施减流减沙效应初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用径流小区观测法,对坡改梯+杨梅+百喜草(C1)、坡改梯+地瓜+百喜草(C2)、山边沟+鱼鳞坑+金银花(C3)、顺坡+油茶(C4)和竹节沟+乔灌草(C5)以及无水保措施(CK)6种处理的径流小区在自然降雨条件下的产流产沙进行定量分析,结果表明:(1)月产流量、月产沙量与月降雨量均具有一定的对应关系。(2)有水保措施径流小区的产流量和产沙量均小于无水保措施径流小区。(3)不同水保措施下的径流小区月平均产流量分别为0.32m~3、0.36m~3、0.33m~3、0.96m~3和0.34m~3;不同水保措施下的径流小区月平均产沙量分别为0.30kg、0.61kg、0.26kg、0.89kg、0.33kg和3.97kg。(4)不同水保措施的减流率分别为77.78%、75.28%、77.36%、33.33%和76.25%;不同水保措施的减沙率分别为92.34%、84.63%、93.45%、77.68%和91.79%;C4的减流和减沙效果明显比其他几种水保措施差。 相似文献
8.
侵蚀性降雨是引起喀斯特黄壤坡面水土流失的主要动力因子。采用贵州省遵义市浒洋水流域2018—2020年4个径流小区92次侵蚀性降雨产流产沙实测数据,研究次降雨条件下,裸露坡面和块石出露小区对产流产沙的影响。结果表明：(1)侵蚀性降雨可以分为A、B、C 3类,A类降雨是造成喀斯特黄壤坡面土壤侵蚀的主要雨型。侵蚀性降雨的标准为次降雨量>6.6 mm或I30>3.6 mm/h。(2)裸露坡面63.27%的侵蚀性降雨径流深<0.4 mm, 66.30%的侵蚀性降雨土壤流失量<1 g/m2,坡面土壤侵蚀量主要是由个别的次降雨所贡献。比较3类降雨,产流产沙的规律总体上表现为A雨型>C雨型>B雨型。(3)土壤流失量主要是由径流深决定,径流深直接决定着坡面产沙的多少。A类降雨中20 mm降雨量是喀斯特黄壤坡面径流深和土壤流失量明显增加的突变值。(4)3类降雨下,块石出露增加了坡面产流量,产流量随着出露率的增加而变大。但产沙量的变化比较复杂,A类降雨下,产沙量随着块石出露率的提高呈明显增加。研究结果对喀斯特坡面水土流失治理和土... 相似文献
9.
鲁中南山丘区坡面产流产沙与降雨关系 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为探求鲁中南山丘区坡面侵蚀规律,选取山东省泰安市药乡小流域,以4个坡面径流小区的降雨、径流、泥沙实测资料为基础,探究不同措施下各小区产流产沙的差异性和导致产流的降雨量临界值,并利用相关分析方法探究径流泥沙与降雨的相关关系。结果表明:(1)导致径流产生的降雨量临界值表现为裸地农地草地,草地临界降雨量分别比梯田种植、横坡种植、裸地高0.2,2.8,3.8mm;(2)在相同的降雨条件下,各小区产流产沙均为裸地最大,其中产流量约为农地的1.3~4.3倍,约为草地的2.8倍;产沙量约为农地的3.1~10.4倍,约为草地的77.6倍;产流开始时间以裸地最早,草地最晚,二者之间相差37min,结束时间正好相反;(3)通过对不同降雨因子与产流产沙进行皮尔逊相关分析,除降雨历时(D)外,其它降雨因子均与产流、产沙量有较好相关性,其中与降雨量(P)相关性最强。 相似文献
10.
太行山区人工油松林对坡面入渗产流的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过径流小区试验对太行山区人工油松林与灌草地的坡面产流入渗特征进行比较分析研究.结果表明:2种植被覆盖下的坡面产流量较小,入渗量较大.随着降雨量增加,坡面产流量和入渗量均呈增大的趋势.小降雨量时,松林小区的坡面产流量和入渗量均比荒坡小区的小;大降雨量时,松林小区的坡面产流量比荒坡小区的大,入渗量仍比荒坡小区的小.在一次降雨过程中,松林小区的出流历时长于荒坡小区的.大强度降雨时,松林小区出流的峰值流量和出流量均大予荒坡小区的;小强度降雨时则相反.土壤含水率较高是可能造成松林小区降水入渗量小,壤中流量大,出流历时长和洪峰流量暴涨暴跌的主因. 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
15.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
16.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
19.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
20.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献